[08.09.18卫报] 在UN推动人权议程，西方的影响力大大削弱
【08.09.18英国卫报】在联合国试图推动人权议程，西方的影响力大大削弱【原文标题】Haemorrhaging of western influence at UN wrecks attempts to push human rights agenda
【原文标题】在联合国试图推动人权议程，西方的影响力大失血
【登载媒体】英国卫报
【原文地址链接】http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/sep/18/unitednations.china
【译者】妩人少将 个人原创翻译
【声明】本翻译仅供Anti-CNN使用，谢绝转载
【英文原文】
Haemorrhaging of western influence at UN wrecks attempts to push human rights agenda
· Power shifting to Russia and China, study shows
· EU defeated on issues from Burma to BalkansIan
Traynor in Brussels
The Guardian, Thursday September 18 2008
Indian soldiers return from UN peacekeeping duties. Photograph: Army HQ/AFP
The west's efforts to use the United Nations to promote its values and shape the global agenda are failing, according to a detailed study published yesterday.
A sea change in the balance of power in favour of China, India, Russia and other emerging states is wrecking European and US efforts to entrench human rights, liberties and multilateralism. Western policies in crisis regions as diverse as Georgia, Zimbabwe, Burma or the Balkans are suffering serial defeats in what the study identifies as a protracted trend.
The haemorrhaging of western power, as reflected in longer-term voting patterns in key UN bodies, is mirrored by the increasing clout of China, Russia and the Islamic world, according to an audit of European influence at the UN by the European Council on Foreign Relations.
"The EU is suffering a slow-motion crisis at the UN," says the report, noting that the west is now being regularly outwitted in global diplomatic poker by the Chinese and Russians. "The problem is fading power to set the rules. The UN is increasingly being shaped by China, Russia and their allies ... The west is in disarray. The EU's rifts with the US on many human rights issues at the UN in the Bush era have weakened both."
US and European failure to win the day at the UN security council in recent votes on Zimbabwe and Burma as well as defeats last year on Kosovo or Darfur and the constant struggle to muster support for global action against Iran because of its nuclear ambitions are traced as part of a broader decline over the past decade.
Using a programme designed to analyse voting patterns and statistics, the thinktank found that European policies on human rights enjoyed the support of 72% of UN members a decade ago but only 48% by last year, while the US suffered a steeper collapse from 77% to 30%.
"The pattern of votes in the general assembly shows that opposition to the EU is growing, spurred by a common resistance to European efforts at promoting human rights," said the study.
The beneficiaries of this disaffection with the west have been China and Russia, which defend national sovereignty and non-intervention in sovereign countries no matter how grievous the atrocities and human rights violations blamed on national governments. Over the past decade support for Chinese and Russian stances on human rights issues has soared from less than 50% to 74% in the UN general assembly.
The assembly kicked off this week in New York with the west bracing itself for another debacle. Serbia is to use the session to demand a vote on the "illegality" of the secession last February of Kosovo, whose breakaway was strongly backed by the US and most of the EU, and to refer the dispute to the UN's international court of justice. Despite strenuous lobbying by the Europeans to prevent the vote, they have conceded defeat. Only 46 of the 192 UN states have recognised Kosovo's independence. And western attempts to rally support for Georgia in the Caucasus crisis will be rebuffed by the Russians.
"The EU has collectively failed to adapt to new power trends," said Martti Ahtisaari, the former Finnish president and a chairman of the thinktank.
The setbacks for the west at the UN in New York are compounded by a worse record in winning the battles for rights and freedoms at the Geneva-based UN Human Rights Council. In March the Islamic bloc changed the mandate for the council's rapporteur on freedom of expression, charging him, in the wake of the Danish cartoons crisis, with the obligation to record blasphemy. Critics said the post was supposed to function as an agent of liberty, but became an instrument of repression.
"The head of steam building up in the Islamic world for worldwide defamation legislation is huge," said Keith Porteous-Wood, director of Britain's National Secular Society. "The Human Rights Council can no longer serve a useful purpose."
In the council's two-year existence, the 19 European countries on the 47-strong body have been marginalised, mired in despair and a sense of futility after losing more than half the votes conducted.
The poor European record on winning the world's hearts and minds contrasts with Brussels' habit of talking up the merits of its "soft power" attractiveness, and indicates that the EU's huge financial investment in being the world's biggest aid donor and the UN's biggest funder is not translating into political gains.
偶滴翻译：
在联合国试图推动人权议程，西方的影响力大大削弱
研究表明权力正在转移到俄罗斯和中国
欧盟在从缅甸到巴尔干问题上全部遭遇失败
Ian Traynor 布鲁塞尔报道
卫报，2008年9月18日 周四
根据昨天公布的一项详细研究表明，西方利用联合国宣扬其价值观和制定全球议程的努力已经失败。
全球均势因为中国、印度、俄罗斯和其他新兴国家的崛起发生突变，正在破坏美国和欧洲巩固人权、自由和多边主义的努力。西方在不同危机地区如格鲁吉亚、津巴布韦、缅甸或巴尔干地区的政策正在遭受一连串的失败,该报告认为这反映了一种由来已久的趋势。
根据欧盟外交关系委员会发表的一份关于欧洲在联合国影响力的报告指出，从联合国关键机构长期的投票结果中可以看出西方能力影响的大挫折，也同时反映了中国、俄罗斯和伊斯兰世界日益增加的影响力，。
报告称欧盟在联合国正遭受一场慢性的危机，这倒不是指西方在全球外交纸牌游戏中被中国和俄罗斯有计划的智胜。“问题是我们制定游戏规则的权力正在枯萎。联合国正日益由中国、俄罗斯和他们的盟友所塑造...而西方却陷入混乱。小布什时期欧盟与美国在联合国许多人权问题上的裂痕已经削弱了彼此。
就像去年在科索沃或达尔富尔问题，以及因为伊朗甸的核野心而不断努力号召对伊朗采取国际行动支持的失败一样，美国和欧洲在联合国安理会最近关于津巴布韦和缅甸问题上的表决中再次遭到挫败,这些都被认为是在过去的十年中西方不断衰落的一部分。
通过使用程序分析投票图和统计表，智库发现欧洲的人权政策在十年前获得了72 ％的联合国会员国支持，但是去年只有48％ ，而美国遭受了从77％至30％的更严峻的支持率下滑 。
这项研究说道：“联合国会员大会上的支持率图表显示出，因为有一个共同阻挠欧洲促进人权努力的阻力带动，对欧盟的反对在不断增”。
中国和俄罗斯成为这些对西方不满的受益者，他们主张无论他国政府发生多么严重的暴行和侵犯人权的行为，都应捍卫国家主权并不得干预主权国家的内政。过去的十年中联合国大会对中国和俄罗斯在人权问题上立场的支持率从不到50％已大幅上升至74％ 。
西方企图挽救另外一个溃败的大会这个星期在纽约召开。塞尔维亚试图要求大会对去年2月科索沃“非法”的分裂进行表决，其分裂得到了来自美国和欧盟大部分国家的强烈支持，塞尔维亚同时也将争端提交给联合国的国际法庭。尽管欧洲苦口婆心地游说以阻止大会进行投票表决，但是他们承认依然遭受失败。192个联合国成员国中只有46个国家认可科索沃的独立。并且西方在高加索危机问题上为格鲁吉亚争取支持的尝试将被俄罗斯所断然拒绝。
芬兰前总统和这个智囊机构的主席Martti Ahtisaari说：“欧盟在适应新的权力变化趋势中已经集体失败 ”。
不仅仅是西方在纽约联合国总部的挫折，西方在试图赢得总部设在日内瓦的联合国人权理事会上权利和自由的斗争中又多了个更加糟糕的记录。在今年3月伊斯兰集团改变了安理会大会报告起草人关于自由的表述，并指控他记录了在丹麦漫画危机中的亵渎行为。批评者说，该职位本应作为自由的代理发挥功能，但却成了镇压自由的工具。
“伊斯兰世界中要求在全球范围内就诽谤罪立法的呼声越来越高,”英国世俗协会(Britain's National Secular Society)主任基斯·波帝厄斯-伍德(Keith Porteous-Wood)说。“人权委员会不那么发挥作用了。” ?
在人权委员会成立的两年时间里，47个席位中的19个欧洲国家已经被边缘化了，在进行的一半以上投票中都失败之后，它们深深陷入绝望并感到徒劳无力。
可怜的欧洲在赢得世界的人心和注意的努力中屡遭挫败，这与布鲁塞尔（欧盟总部所在地）一贯大声宣扬它充满魅力的“软实力”的行为形成了鲜明对比，并表明欧盟巨额的金融投资和世界上最大的捐助者和联合国最大的资助者的身份并未转化为真正的政治回报。
[ 本帖最后由 ltbriar 于 2008-9-21 01:45 编辑 ] 活该！！报应！！ 西方高人一等的时代已经一去不复返也 西方原本就在世界的边缘，现在也就是回归边缘而已，犯不着失落 還是一些西方人…活在「帝國主義時代」美好的回憶中 第三世界国家崛起，与西方发达国家之间的差距在缩小。 这是西方不想看到的
加把劲，把西方赶出去 为什么不反省一下自己。如果你们真的都是天使的话人家为什么不要你们？
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