【09.05.13 澳大利亚人报】保护国家未来利益，不须谈判
本帖最后由 I'm_zhcn 于 2009-5-15 08:35 编辑【中文标题】保护国家未来利益，不须谈判
【原文标题】Protecting nation's future not-negotiable
【登载媒体】The Australian
【来源地址】http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/business/story/0,28124,25469010-5018066,00.html
【译者】nbnbren
【翻译方式】人工
【声明】本翻译供Anti-CNN使用，未经AC或译者许可，不得转载。
【原文库链接】http://bbs.m4.cn/thread-164557-1-1.html
【译文】
AUSTRALIA has a very important issue before it -- the proposed Rio Tinto-Chinalco deal.
澳大利亚在拟议中的中铝和Rio Tinto的交易前，有一项重要申明发布。
An issue that depending on how it is handled now will not just be important to this generation, but to our children's generation as well.
声明的依据是我们不仅仅是要把握好我们这一代，还有考虑我们的子孙后代。
Given the mass of media speculation surrounding this very serious situation under headings such as "Foreign money built this country" (The Australian, May 5) and "Beijing cash critical to economic growth" (The Australian, May 2), and "Rio Tinto says Chinese investment will be critical in Australia's economic development" etc, we would be excused for rushing to think that allowing the Chinalco-Rio deal without investment conditions would be economically beneficial for Australia.
围绕着这个严肃的情形，媒体给了额多诸如此类的以下标题“国外资金建设了国家”(《澳洲人报>，5.5),“北京现金流严厉面对经济增长”(《澳洲人报>，5.2）“Rio Tinto公司说中国投资对澳洲经济发展采取严格态度”（《澳洲人报>，5.2）等。我们应谅解那些大量的思索没有以投资为条件的中铝和Rio Tinto 交易给澳大利亚带来经济利益。
Without investment conditions for such approval, Rio London, or Rio elsewhere, can simply follow what Tim Treadgold pointed out in his article of April 18, (in The West Australian) "the obligation of international companies (is) to seek out the best destination for their investments, and the legal duty of directors (is) to maximise profits for the owners of the company."
被批准的没有以投资为条件，如Rio Tinto 和英国，Rio Tinto 和其他地方，可以简单地符合Tim Treadgold在4月18日在西澳的一片文章中指出的那样“一个世界性的公司职责是为他们的投资寻找最好的目的地，对领导者的法律职责是为自己的公司创造最大利益”。
This does not mean and nor should it be assumed to mean that it is the obligation of Rio or the obligation of Rio's directors, or even the obligation of Rio's minority Australian directors, to fondly recall that Australia is where the majority of their revenue success was derived, and that assuming we allow the Chinalco deal without investment conditions, Rio will then invest in Australia.
这并不意味着，或者假定Rio的责任，Rio领导的责任，乃至Rio澳大利亚的少数领导人的责任，使他们天真的记起澳大利亚靠他们税收，然后就可以傲慢地认为我们同意不以获利为条件，Rio就可以在澳洲投资。
Take for instance the recent article in the overseas publication, The Asia Miner April-June 2009, under the heading "Indian potential for Rio Tinto" (extracts follow):
举个最近海外出版物的例子，2009年4-6月《亚洲矿工》，标题“Rio Tint公司潜在的印度机会”（摘录如下）
"India promises great potential for Rio with the country's strong economic growth set to continue for many years. As India continues to industrialise, the demand growth for most metals and minerals will accelerate, and this will benefit Rio Tinto and other mining companies."
“印度对Rio Tint允诺了巨大的潜在机会，印度的强大经济发展将持续强劲维持很多年，随着印度持续工业化，对于大多数金属和矿产的需求有很多初进，这将有利于Rio Tint和其他矿业公司。”
Rio Tinto India's managing director Nick Senepati discussed the company's involvement in India during a presentation at the 9th International Mining and Machinery Exhibition.
Rio Tint的印度常务董事Nick Senepati 在出席第九届世界矿业和机械展览会期间，讨论了公司在印度的相关事宜。
Senepati says there are attractive exploration and production opportunities in India which will see Rio Tinto in a good position in the future.
Nick Senepati 说在印度有非常吸引力的勘探和生产机遇，对未来的Rio Tinto公司是个好的提升。
The government is also expected to pass a new, more favourable mineral law which will provide the Indian mining industry with a boost.
政府也期望通过一个新的更有利矿业的法律，来促进印度矿业的快速发展。
Even Rio Tinto's most recent annual report released in March states that Rio "expects to commence mining in 2009 (in Orissa, India)."
甚至Rio Tinto最新的五月年报也声明Rio Tinto“期望在2009印度的Orissa,邦着手开矿。”
Add to all this, in the Sydney Morning Herald of April 27, it was reported that "Rio has said it plans to mine more than 70million tonnes of iron ore a year in Simandou (Guinea, Africa) and possibly as much as 170million which would make it one of the largest iron ore mines in the world."
所有这些加起来，4月27的《悉尼晨导报》报道，“ＲＩＯ计划在非洲几内亚Simandou 每年开采超过７０００万吨的铁矿石，可能总量达１７０００万吨，成为世界上最大的铁矿公司之一。”
This article also states that "Mr Walsh acknowledged recent erratic behaviour by Captain Camara (of Guinea) towards global mining companies, but said the new military leader provided some cause for optimism because he was 'pro-development and clearly working actively to remove corruption and bribery'."
文章还写道“Walsh 先生意思到最近几内亚首都政权对全球矿业公司的异常行为，但是又说新的军队领导提供了一些乐观措施，因为他积极正面发展和透明工作，消除腐败和贿赂”
The article mentioned that "African countries wanted to work with the Chinese Government because of its long history of support, including scholarships for thousands of African students who are now rising to senior posts, and because of its unrivalled record in building fast and cheap quality infrastructure."
文章提到“非洲国家乐意和中国政府打交道，因为中国长久的支持他们，包括给数千非洲学生提供奖学金，现在他们已成为高级官员，还有他们没有竞争的，快速，廉质廉价的基础建设。”
"It's an example of how Chinalco could enhance the position of Rio Tinto. This sort of thing is happening wherever you go in Africa."
“这就是一个例子，中铝怎样帮助Rio Tinto提高他们的位置，诸如此类的事情，你到非洲的任何地方都会发生。”
We cannot wish or assume that Rio-Chinalco (without investment conditions) will then invest in high-cost Australia.
我们不能指望或者设想Rio-Chinalco中铝（不以利益为条件）在高成本的澳洲投资。
What do India or Africa offer Rio and other mining companies? Massive and high-quality ore reserves and labour costs massively cheaper than in Australia.
在印度和非洲做什么，已经提供给了Rio Tinto和其他矿业公司。庞大和高质量的铁矿储量，廉价的劳动力成本，都远远好于澳洲。
What happens when Rio, perhaps enlivened with Chinese assistance, develops these massive projects in Africa and/or India?
对于Rio Tinto会发生什么呢？也许在中国人的协助下，在印度和非洲发展那些庞大的项目而生机勃勃。
Those projects offshore will compete against Australian mines and interests for many decades to come.
这些海外项目在未来的几十年内可以同澳洲本土矿石和利益抗衡。
How will this help us to create more jobs? How will this help us to repay our growing debt? How will this help us maintain or grow standards of living?
怎样帮助我们创造更多工作岗位？怎样才能帮助我们偿还增长的债务？怎样才能帮助保持或增长的生活水准？
We love to think of ourselves as a "lucky country", protected from the tsunamis of the worldwide financial and economic crises thanks to the enduring strength of our mining and export industries.
我们爱把我们的国家叫“幸运国家”，保护我们远离全球性的金融海啸和经济危机，一切都得感谢持久的强大矿产和出口工业。
But what will happen in the future, when those competing major mines in low-cost countries compete against us, reducing our mining and export industries, and if Australia has not protected itself with investment conditions, and if future economic and financial tsunamis hit us?
当那些低成本国家的有竞争优势的大型矿产抗衡我们的时候，消减我们的矿产和出口工业，如果澳大利亚不能保护有利的投资，如果未来经济和金融海啸袭击我们的时候，但未来会发生什么？
Of course, Australia must also look internally and do what we can to address our rising costs and make ourselves more attractive for investment, so that the Rios and others of this world wish to invest in Australia.
当然，澳大利亚也的审查自身，对投资而言，做哪些能使我们的上升的开支平衡，使我们变得更有吸引力，使Rio和世界上其他公司蜂拥进澳投资。
But this requires a significant amount of political will and fortitude and an ability to look beyond the immediate.
？？
We should streamline our environmental and other approval expenses and processes.
我们应理顺我们的环境和其他批准的费用和过程。
We especially need to drastically reduce construction expenses in Australia for mines and infrastructure in remote areas.
我们特别需要为在澳洲的矿山彻底降低建设费用，和偏远地区的基础建设。
Significant corporate support has been achieved to support our requests to Canberra that, providing a percentage of work is reserved for indigenous people, we allow guest labour to work in remote areas only during construction of projects and infrastructure, so that we can achieve cost-competitiveness in the world markets.
一个有重大意义的联合报告已经完成，并给堪培拉提供了请求，提供1%的工作给本国人民，我们允许外来劳力在偏远地区工作，只能从事基建项目，由此我们能在世界市场上具有成本竞争的优势。
Once these projects are in Australia, the opportunity is here to support Australian workforces for decades.
一旦这些项目在澳洲实施，我们可以给澳洲劳动力提供十年的机会。
But they can't if our construction costs are too high and projects go offshore instead.
如果我们的工程费用很高，他们将不能忍受，会用海外项目代替。
This could happen and we need to recognise it.
这可能发生，我们要清醒认识。
We need to recognise that construction jobs for these important projects are only short-term, (around a year or two) but if we are prepared to forgo the short-term (except in the instance of the indigenous jobs plus any others who are willing to work on world-labour terms and conditions) we would enable Australians to have jobs for the long-term, providing these projects are achieved in Australia in the first place.
我们要清醒认识，对于那些重要项目的基建工作只是短期的（大概一两年），但是如果我们准备放弃短期工作，（？？）我们就能使澳大利亚人有长期的工作，首先提供给澳大利亚的项目就能完成。
We could also look at the precedent that the South African president set in 2003-04.
我们可以看看南非总统在2003-4开始的先例。
Then, Anglo wanted to get more equity in South Africa's largest mining house, Kumba.
当时，英国人想要南非最大矿产Kumba.的的股权。
The president of South Africa entered into an agreement with the then-CEO of Anglo, allowing Anglo to purchase more equity in Kumba on the proviso that Anglo prioritised Kumba's investment in mining and infrastructure in South Africa.
南非总统和当时英国的CEO定约，允许英国人购买更多Kumba.的股权，同时附带条约，英国人优先在南非投资矿业和基础建设。
Australia, particularly with our growing debt, needs to achieve something no less than this.
澳大利亚，很显然，随着债务的增加，我们要达到目标也可如此。
We cannot afford to be sidetracked with more "Australianisation" of Rio -- whatever that means.
我们不能承受Rio更多不知所云“Australianisation”成为次要地位。
A few more Rio executives here or a few more Australians on the Rio board but still as minority directors? This offers Australia far, far too little.
这里只有再多几个的澳大利亚ＲＩＯ主管，再多几个的ＲＩＯ董事，但始终是少数派？能提供给澳大利亚的远远不够。
When Rio, or any other multinational, operates in Australia (or other countries), they must abide by Australian (or other countries') regulations and conditions, e.g. environmental and indigenous regulations and conditions, even though this does not assist "the legal duty of directors to maximise profits for the owners of the company", they still must comply to operate here, or elsewhere.
当ＲＩＯ，或其他跨国公司，在澳大利亚运作（或其他国家），他们必须遵守澳大利亚（或其他国家）的规则和条件，比如，环境，当地规则和条件，即使这不成为帮助“领导者的法律职责是为自己的公司创造最大利益”，他们仍然遵守这里或其他地方的运作规则。
We, in turn, need to provide conditions that Rio will pursue their development in a way that does not diminish economic return to Australia, but would be beneficial to Australia's growth.
我们，依次，需要提供条件是ＲＩＯ能在某种程度上促进发展，不减少返回澳洲的经济，这对澳洲的成长有利。
This cannot be done via generalised assumptions that Chinalco investing in Rio somehow means more capital investment in West Australia or Australia, unless conditions to so invest are provided and upheld. This will require some negotiation.
假定如果中铝投资在RIO，不知何故想要更多资金投到西奥或澳洲，除非这样投资已经提供和完成，我们不能这样做。这需要一些商议。
The Chinese have already indicated publicly their willingness to work with Australia to achieve satisfactory approvals for their greater share of Rio and various other arrangements with Rio.
中国人已经公开指出他们和澳大利亚人积极工作，为他们增资RIO，和RIO多样的其他安排，达成满意的批准。
The Chinese have also indicated publicly that they do not wish to control Rio.
中国人也公开声明他们不指望控制RIO。
It should not then be impossible to insist upon removing Chinese representation from the remuneration and bonus committees of Rio.
从ＲＩＯ报酬和红利委员会来说，不太可能打消中国人声明的顾虑。
The National Interest test should not be framed on the immediate but projected decades down the line.
国家利益不应该直接设定，但十年计划完全可以。
We should not be at all satisfied that only one state, South Australia, made it into the independent North American Fraser Report as being in the top 20 places for investment in the exploration-mining industry.
我们不应该满足于那个简单的声明，南澳，列入Ｉndependent North American Fraser Report 报道，作为探矿业最值得投资的地方。
Why should Australia place conditions on how Rio moves forward with capital investments?
对于RIO面对资金的投入如何前行，澳大利亚为什么应摆正位置。
1. It is within the powers of the Treasurer under the existing legislation to provide guidance in a way that protects our national interests.
１：在现有法律的基础上，财长的权利范围内，在一定程度上提供保护国家利益的指导意见。
2. The Chinalco-Rio deal is more than just one company making a passive investment in another -- as the deal currently stands, Chinalco will be represented not only on the board but throughout the decision-making processes of Rio through representation on new committees such as the Iron Ore Strategic Alliance Committee (which approves budgets and capital-investment proposals) and representation rights in relation to the performance, remuneration and bonuses of key Rio executives.
Therefore Australia must also exert its influence by providing a framework for this special combination to move forward in a manner that protects our future interests.
２：中铝和RIO的交易不仅仅是一个公司投资另一个公司那么简单，最近的交易立场，中铝不仅仅在董事会，而且贯穿整个RIO新委员会的决策过程，比如在铁矿石战略联盟委员会（可以批准预算和资金投资建议），RIO的关键执行机构报酬和红利委员会
因此，澳大利亚还必须尽量为了特殊意义上的联合继续前进，设定一定的框架，确保我们将来的利益。
3. Particularly, but not only in iron ore, Rio has developed a significant body of intellectual capital through its Australian mining operations -- this, as well as the additional capital available from the Chinese government, is likely to establish competing mining industries in lower-cost countries, such as in Africa and India, that once in operation will compete against Australia's projects and interests for the very long term.
We need to take steps to protect our biggest export earners on which Australia depends.
3：很显然，不仅仅是铁矿石，RIO还发展了很有意义的澳洲矿业操作智库，这也同样可以作为中国政府的资金投入的额外价值，这就很有可能在低成本国家设立有竞争力的矿场，比如像非洲，印度，而从长期来看，将于澳洲本土的规划和利益相抵触。
我们必须设法保护澳洲赖以生存的最大的出口利益。
4. It is at this time the Australian Government must attempt to forecast the effects such a tie-up will have over not just the immediate term, such as claims that it could save 1500 immediate jobs, but also consider the long-term ramifications of having the Chinese Government as a significant shareholder/financial backer in regards to effects it could have on the Australian mining industry and hence the economy of Australia, and the need to keep the Australian economy strong in future. Hence we need to arrange undertakings for investment.
4. 是时候了，澳大利亚政府必须努力预测类似联合不仅仅是代理挽救1500个工作岗位那样的短期效益，而是关注长期可能的分歧，就是中国政府作为一个重要的股东和资金支持着，是否尊重澳洲矿业和澳洲经济的利益，确保澳洲经济在未来持久强势。因此我们需要安排企业投资。
5. It is in the interests of all Australians (not segmented groups) that we protect our future economy and economic health, taxpayers, those seeking work, those benefiting from taxes paid in Australia be it through better hospitals, more resourced internal and external defence, pensions, and our next generations.
5. 这是全澳洲人的利益（不是部分集体），我们要保护我们未来的经济和经济健康，纳税人，那些寻找工作，那些在澳洲交税并受益的人，能得到更好的医院，更多的国内工作机会，更强的国防，更多的养老金，和我们的下一代。
We would not be the only country that considers the interests and future interests of its people. Even blind Freddy can see that my speaking out as a concerned Australian wanting to see Australia's interests put first will not win friends for me with some Rio executives or in other important quarters.
我们不是为他的人民，只考虑自己的利益和将来的利益唯一的国家，。即使瞎子阿炳也能看出来我大声呼吁澳大利亚人首要关注澳大利亚利益，而不是为我和一些ＲＩＯ高层管理人员赢得朋友。
The South African Government entered into an agreement to endeavour to protect its national interest in the case of South Africa's major resource company, Kumba. Should we expect any less from our Government?
南非政府，在南非重要资源公司Kumba.事件中，定合约尽力保护自己的国家利益，难道我们要对我们的政府期望值更小吗？
Gina Rinehart is chairman of Hancock Prospecting. Hancock is a joint-venture partner with Rio in various iron ore projects. Hancock Prospecting also owns shares in Rio Tinto.
Gina Rinehar是Hancock探矿公司主席，Hancock公司和RIO是多种铁矿石项目的合资伙伴，Hancock也有自己的股份在ＲＩＯ。 差不多可以成为我们引进外资的一个反面教材 在2008年诺贝尔经济学奖获得者美国著名经济学家保罗-克鲁格曼看来，中国所采取的人民币盯住美元的汇率政策无异于“逆流而上”：一方面私营资本流入中国；另一方面中国正在把资本输出到国外。而且这不是自然市场的结果，而是政府政策影响的结果。这对于中国自身也是一种资源的浪费，尽管中国具有庞大的外汇储备，但中国本身并不富裕，钱应该留着自己用。 什么是我们国家的利益？
一场危机把我们的美国债券缩水不少？
把我们以出口为导向的三架马车成了散架马车
你空有巨额外汇，就是买不来人家最低级的矿产，更买不来人家的高科技，
烦啊 我们也可以以次例子,作为反击外资操控民族工业 什么是我们国家的利益？
一场危机把我们的美国债券缩水不少？
把我们以出口为导向的三架马车成了散架马车
你空有巨额外汇，就是买不来人家最低级的矿产，更买不来人家的高科技，
烦啊 ...
nbnbren 发表于 2009-5-14 16:07 http://bbs.m4.cn/images/common/back.gif那也没办法，人民币升值的时候，西方国家会在劳动力成本更低的国家开工厂，那时中国经济就完了，西方对中国搞技术封锁借口就是民主人权，看看价值观的价值。 比较优势论说，资本积累到一定水平后，开始发展资本密集型，满不是那么回事吗
还有很多的
动态局限条件没有考虑进去 差不多可以成为我们引进外资的一个反面教材
nbnbren 发表于 2009-5-14 15:54 http://bbs.m4.cn/images/common/back.gif
成为我们保护本国稀有资源的教案
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