【10.1.14 纽约时报】在一片对中国的指责声中，焦点落到网络安全上（谷歌声称Gmail被黑的“人权活动者”原来是藏独）
【原文标题】In Rebuke of China, Focus Falls on Cybersecurity【中文标题】在一片对中国的指责声中，焦点落到网络安全上
【登载媒体】纽约时报
【来源地址】http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/1 ... html?pagewanted=all
【声明】本翻译仅供Anti-CNN/ACCN使用，未经译者或AC许可，谢绝转载；谢谢合作。
【译者】rhapsody
【译文】
SAN FRANCISCO — Even before Google threatened to pull out of China in response to an attack on its computer systems, the company was notifying activists whose e-mail accounts might have been compromised by hackers.
旧金山——就在谷歌因其计算机系统受到攻击而威胁退出中国之前，该公司还在通知一些（人权）活动者其电子邮箱账户可能受到了黑客的入侵。
In a world where vast amounts of personal information stored online can quickly reveal a network of friends and associates, Google’s move to protect individuals from government surveillance required quick action. In early January, Tenzin Seldon, a 20-year-old Stanford student and Tibetan activist, was told by university officials to contact Google because her Gmail account had been hacked.
当今世界有大量存储在互联网上的个人信息可以很快地展示出朋友和伙伴的网络，谷歌保护个人用户不受政府监视的行动必须迅速。一月初，20岁的斯坦福大学生，也是藏族活动者的丹增·塞尔冬被学校官员告知，要她联系Google公司，因为她的Gmail账户受到黑客入侵。
Ms. Seldon, the Indian-born daughter of Tibetan refugees, said she immediately contacted David Drummond, Google’s chief legal officer.
塞尔冬小姐出生在印度，父亲是藏族难民。她说她立刻联系了谷歌首席法律顾问大卫·德鲁蒙德。
【大卫·德鲁蒙德也是谷歌的公司发展顾问及高级副总裁，之前正是他在谷歌官方博客发表文章表示谷歌可能退出中国，其中一个原因就是“很多注册地在美国、中国和欧洲的Gmail邮箱账户似乎经常受到第三方侵入”——译注】
“David informed me that my account was hacked by someone in China,” Ms. Seldon said in a telephone interview. “They were concerned and asked whether they could see my laptop.”
“大卫跟我说我的账号受到某个在中国的黑客入侵”，塞尔冬小姐在电话访问中表示，“他们很关心，询问是否可以看看我的笔记本电脑。”
Ms. Seldon immediately changed her password and became more careful of what she wrote. She also allowed Google to examine her personal computer at the company’s request. Google returned it this week, saying that while no viruses or malware had been detected, her account had indeed been entered surreptitiously.
塞尔冬小姐立即换了密码，写东西也更小心。她还应谷歌请求允许公司检查她的个人电脑。谷歌本周早些时候归回给她电脑，告诉她没发现病毒或蠕虫，不过账号确实被偷偷入侵过。
Google confirmed Ms. Seldon’s account of events, but declined to say whether it had notified other activists who might have been victims of hacking.
谷歌证实塞尔冬小姐账号事件，不过拒绝透露是否通知其他可能受到网络攻击的活动者。
Mr. Drummond said that an attack originating in China was aimed at its corporate infrastructure.
德鲁蒙德先生声称源自中国的一次（网络）攻击所针对的是该公司基础设施【可能指的就是网络设备——译注】。
While the full scope of the attacks on Google and several dozen other companies remains unclear, the events set off immediate alarms in Washington, where the Obama administration has previously expressed concern about international computer security and attacks on Western companies.
尽管对谷歌和其他数十家公司的攻击仍无清晰的全景，这些事件即刻在华盛顿敲响了警钟，奥巴马政府此前已表达过对国际计算机安全以及西方公司受到（网络）攻击的关注。
Neither the sequence of events leading to Google’s decision nor the company’s ultimate goal in rebuking China is fully understood. But this was not the first time that the company had considered withdrawing from China, according to a former company executive. It had clashed repeatedly with Chinese officials over censorship demands, the executive said.
无论是这一连串导致谷歌作出决定的事件，还是该公司谴责中国的最终目的，都未有全面披露。但根据一位公司前任高管的说法，这不是该公司第一次考虑退出中国。谷歌与中国官员之间已在屏蔽的要求上有过反复的冲突，这位高管说道。
Google said on Tuesday that that in its investigation of the attacks on corporations, it found that the Gmail accounts of Chinese and Tibetan activists, like Ms. Seldon, had been compromised in separate attacks involving phishing and spyware.
谷歌在周二表示，在其对公司受到的攻击的调查中，发现一些中国和西藏（人权）活动者，比如塞尔冬小姐，他们的Gmail账户分别受到了涉及网络钓鱼和间谍软件等方式的入侵。
Independent security researchers said that at least 34 corporations had been targets of the attacks originating in China.
独立的安全研究者表示至少有34家公司是这些源自中国的网络攻击所针对的目标。
Adobe, a software maker, said it had been the victim of an attack, but said that it did not know if it was linked to the hacking of Google. Some reports suggested that Yahoo had been a victim, but a person with knowledge said that Yahoo did not think that it been subject to the same attack as Google.
软件制造商Adobe声称自己蒙受了（网络）攻击之害，但表示不清楚自己受到的攻击是否与谷歌被入侵有联系。一些报道暗示雅虎也受到了攻击，但一位知情人士表示雅虎并不认为自己和谷歌受到了一样的攻击。
The decision by Google to draw a line and threaten to end its business operations in China brought attention to reports of Chinese high-technology espionage stretching back at least a decade. But despite Google’s suggestion that the hacking came from within China, it remained unclear who was responsible. Nevertheless, it presented the Obama administration with a problem of how to respond.
谷歌决定（与网络审查）划清界限并威胁终止在华商业运营，将人们的注意力带到了中国在高科技领域间谍行为的报道上，而这至少可以追溯到十年以前。但尽管谷歌提出黑客行为源自中国境内，对于谁该为此负责谷歌仍不清楚。不管怎么说，这还是给奥巴马政府出了个该如何回应的问题。
Google’s description of the attacks closely matches a vast surveillance system called Ghostnet that was reported in March by a group of Canadian researchers based at the Munk Center for International Studies at the University of Toronto. They found that an automated espionage system based in China was using targeted e-mail messages to compromise thousands of computers in hundreds of governmental organizations. In each case, after the computers were controlled by the attackers, they were able to scan for documents that were then stolen and transferred to a digital storage facility in China.
谷歌对（所受）攻击的描述与被称为“幽灵网”——多伦多大学蒙克国际研究一组研究人员在去年三月披露的庞大监视系统非常吻合。他们发现了一个位于中国的自动化间谍系统，通过发送有目的的电子邮件讯息入侵了数以百计的政府组织的计算机。对每一案例而言，当计算机被攻击者控制以后，他们就能检索档案，接着窃取并传输到位于中国的数字存储设备。
The researchers stopped short of directly accusing the Chinese government of masterminding the attacks. However, for years there have been reports of attacks planned by so-called patriotic hackers in China, and many American security specialists argue that these are simply irregular elements of the People’s Liberation Army. At the same time, hackers frequently use so-called false flag espionage or denial of service attacks to route their activities through the computers of a third country and hide their identity.
研究人员不愿直接指证中国政府策划了这些攻击。然而，几年来已有一些报道称这些攻击是由中国一些所谓的“爱国黑客”组织的，而多位美国安全专家表示这些（黑客）就是中国解放军的非常规组成部分。与此同时，黑客频繁使用所谓的假旗间谍伎俩或拒绝服务攻击，让其行动通过第三国的电脑（进行）并隐藏自己的身份。
One of the Canadian researchers said that fellow computer security researchers suspected that the attack on Google and other recent intrusions relied on hackers sending booby-trapped documents that were stored in Adobe’s Acrobat Reader format, which then infect victims’ computers. This method was seen in a recent wave of attacks on the Dalai Lama’s computers. “We’ve seen a huge upsurge in attacks using Adobe Acrobat,” said Greg Walton, an editor at Information Warfare Monitor, a publication of the Canadian research group.
其中一位加拿大研究人员称其计算机安全研究员同事怀疑谷歌受到的攻击以及近期其他入侵事件的成因是：黑客发送了带有诱饵、存储为Adobe的Acrobat Reader格式的文档，进而感染用户的计算机。这种方法曾在近期一波对达赖喇嘛的计算机的攻击中见到过。“我们观察到使用Adobe Acrobat的攻击有了大幅上升”，格雷格·沃顿说道，他是加拿大研究团体出版物《信息战观察》的一名编辑。
A spokeswoman for Adobe said the company was investigating the reports, but could not confirm that the Adobe software was linked to the most recent attacks.
Adobe的一位发言人表示该公司正在调查这些报道，但不能确认Adobe的软件是否与最近的（网络）攻击事件存在联系。
For Google, the attacks appeared to have been the final straw in a series of confrontations with Chinese authorities.
对谷歌而言，这些攻击似乎成了一系列与中国当局冲突中（压倒性）的最后一根稻草。
Top Google executives, including the chief executive, Eric E. Schmidt, and the co-founders, Larry Page and Sergey Brin, were ambivalent about the decision to go into China in 2006, which involved agreeing to censor some search results on the company’s local search engine, according to a former executive with knowledge of the discussions. The resistance was strong from Mr. Brin, who had grown up in the Soviet Union.
根据一位前任高管的说法，谷歌的管理层人员，包括首席执行官埃里克·E·施密特，合伙创始人拉里·佩奇和谢尔盖·布林，都曾对2006年进入中国的决定怀有矛盾的心态，因为这牵涉到要同意屏蔽掉一些公司本地搜索引擎的搜索结果。在前苏联长大的布林先生对此有强烈的抵制情绪。
But after discussions and internal lobbying from Chinese and Chinese-American employees inside Google, as well as some of the company’s sales executives, Google’s top executives came around. They were particularly swayed by the argument that even a censored version of Google’s search engine would provide Chinese people more access to information and help promote free expression in that country.
但经过讨论，以及中国和美籍华人雇员在谷歌内部的游说，也包括公司里一些销售主管的游说，谷歌的管理层还是同意了。他们尤其为这样一个论点而改观：即使是一个屏蔽版的谷歌搜索引擎也能给中国人提供更多的信息渠道，并有助于提升该国的言论自由。
Once the decision was made, however, Google began expanding its operation in China, which it expected would grow to be one of the largest Internet markets. During Mr. Schmidt’s 2006 visit to China, shortly after Google introduced the company’s China-based search engine, Google.cn, he told reporters that it would be “arrogant” to try to change China’s censorship laws.
不管怎样，一旦做出决定，谷歌就开始拓展其在中国的的业务，中国预计将成为最大的互联网市场之一。就在谷歌刚刚揭晓位于中国的搜索引擎Google.cn后，施密特先生（谷歌首席执行官）2006年到访中国期间曾告诉记者，试图改变中国的审查制度法律是“傲慢自大的”。
But repeated clashes with Chinese authorities caused Google to reconsider its decision on many occasions, the former executives said. Things almost collapsed in 2008, when Chinese government officials asked Google to censor results not only on Google.cn but also on Google.com. the company’s English-language search engine. Google refused, and after the 2008 Olympics, Chinese officials dropped the issue.
但与中国当局的反复冲突使得谷歌多次重新审视自己的决定，那位前任高管说道。2008年时事态几近崩溃，当时中国政府官员要求谷歌不止要屏蔽掉Google.cn上的（搜素）结果，连Google.com（谷歌的英语搜索引擎）上的也得屏蔽掉。谷歌拒绝了，而2008年奥运会过后，中国官员也不提这个要求了。
Google now says it thinks that its attempt to help bring openness to China has failed.
谷歌现在认为自己给中国带来开放的企图已经失败了。
“We were looking at an environment that is more difficult than it was when we started,” Mr. Drummond said in an interview on Tuesday. “Far from our presence helping to open things up, it seems that things are getting tighter for open expression and freedom.”
“我们面对的环境比我们刚开始时更加困难”，德鲁蒙德先生在周二的一次采访中说道，“我们帮助开放，但似乎开放言论和自由的空间被收得越来越窄了”。
Robert Gibbs, the White House press secretary, said Wednesday that the White House had been briefed by Google on the company’s decision. However, he declined to describe what actions the government might take in response to the claims of Chinese-directed Internet attacks.
白宫新闻秘书罗伯特·吉布斯在周三表示，白宫已经获悉谷歌的决定。但是，他拒绝说明政府会对中国人发起互联网攻击的说法采取什么相应的行动。
“The recent cyberintrusion that Google attributes to China is troubling, and the federal government is looking into it,” said a White House spokesman, Nicholas Shapiro. He said that the president had stated that Internet freedom was a central human rights issue on a recent China trip. He also said that the president had made Internet security a national priority.
“近来谷歌归结于中国的网络入侵让人困扰，联邦政府正在进行调查”，白宫发言人尼可拉斯·夏皮洛说道。他说总统在近期访问中国时已说明互联网自由是一项关键的人权议题，还说到总统已把互联网安全作为一项国家重点。
Gabriel Stricker, a Google spokesman, said Google’s decision to publicize the attacks was motivated in part by its desire to alert activists that their accounts could have been compromised.
谷歌发言人加布里埃尔·斯特里克尔声称谷歌公开攻击的决定，一定程度上是出于这样的意愿，即提醒（人权）活动者们，他们的账户可能受到了入侵。
The attacks present a challenge for the Obama administration, which last year debated the role of a federal Internet security adviser. The administration is grappling on how to balance stricter security controls and the freedom of technology companies to innovate.
这些（网络）攻击是对奥巴马政府的一个挑战。去年当局就联邦互联网顾问这一职位进行了辩论，对如何在更严厉的安全管制以及科技公司的创新自由之间取得平衡有着激烈争论。
Several Internet security specialists were quick to point out that a group within the White House led by Lawrence H. Summers, the national economic adviser, had pointed to Google in debates on the appointment as an example of an innovative Silicon Valley company that might be hamstrung by strict new Internet security restrictions.
几位互联网安全专家会很快指出，国家经济顾问劳伦斯·H·萨默斯领衔的一个白宫内部团体，在任命（职位）的辩论中以谷歌为例，说明这样的创新型硅谷公司可能受到严厉的互联网安全规限措施的束缚。
“It’s ironic that the new economy folks at the White House were pushing back against faster movement on cybersecurity to protect companies like Google from stricter regulations,” said James Lewis, an Internet security specialist at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington. Last year, Mr. Lewis led a bipartisan study calling for the creation of a strong Internet czar reporting directly to the president to combat a rash of new security threats.
“具有讽刺意味的是白宫的新经济官员在排斥保护谷歌等公司免受严厉管制的网络安全上的迅速举动”，华盛顿的战略与互联网研究中心的互联网安全专家詹姆斯·刘易斯说道。去年，刘易斯先生领衔了一项两党参与的研究，呼吁创立一个强有力的互联网“沙皇”（职位），直接向总统报告以对抗大量涌现的新式安全威胁。
The White House said on Tuesday that Howard A. Schmidt, a compromise candidate who was chosen last month to be the Internet security adviser, would not start in the position until later in the month.
白宫在周二表示，上月被选为互联网安全顾问的折衷候选人霍华德·A·施密特，在本月晚些时候才会上任。
-------------------------------------------------------全文翻译完毕，下为注释及背景资料-------------------------------------------------------
这篇文章里边提到的被黑的那位藏族活动者丹增·塞尔冬（Tanzin Seldon）应该也是是自由西藏学生组织（Students for a Free Tibet）成员，而且她参与了去年到中国驻旧金山领事馆举行的抗议活动，其间有一人（不是她）爬上领馆建筑的屋顶上模拟“绞刑”以示抗议。但绳子突然断裂，该人从约4.6米高的屋顶摔到阳台上，后被送往医院治疗，应无大碍
旧金山媒体的报道：http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/ar ... 8/06/BA091269F9.DTL
一个相关中文简介：http://www.macbbs.ca/?viewnews-982
《纽约时报》对“幽灵网”的报道：http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/2 ... html?pagewanted=all
《信息战观察》（Information Warfare Monitor）正是登载“幽灵网”调查报告的媒体，报告的PDF文档详见：http://www.f-secure.com/weblog/archives/ghostnet.pdf o3O105)藏独白痴 很多人一定在骂纽约时报白痴啊，这个说这么明白干吗？ 希望《纽约时报》也调查下前几天百度被黑又是怎么回事？ 这事不该说太细啊o3O76) 好些日子没有上网，今年总算把这事给弄明白了~
又是一个立牌坊的老戏法
谷歌真是没有新意~ 应该还有世维会的人和轮子、民运。 感谢楼主提供的资料，这才叫新闻，让大家看到事情的本质，希望我们的国内的百多家TV 报社 也能够像楼主这样报道 藏独分子~~黑的好 会不会是因为GOOLE被入侵，不能有效的保护自己的客户，因而转移视线指责中国不人权没自由呢？的确，不考虑被侵入的帐号是谁的情况下，GOOLE的安全防护能力并不可靠。 gmail在google.cn上可以用吗？我一直以为不能用 还有信息说（貌似就是谷歌自己说的），攻击谷歌的黑客来自于台湾，这又是怎么回事？戏中戏也没如此扑朔迷离 这么说来google还真该收拾下了 希望《纽约时报》也调查下前几天百度被黑又是怎么回事？
清音 发表于 2010-1-15 15:01 http://bbs.m4.cn/images/common/back.gif
同感 美国科技世界第一，美国黑客技术一流！
但只许美国攻击他国，不许他国有黑客。
这就是民主美国的互联网自由！ google在玩火！玩火者必自焚。 你以为中国邮箱没人在攻击 呵呵。网络战还是美国最行 谷歌这个搜索领域的庞然大物要下楼梯终于找到了够大的台阶！希望他不要走回头路，上楼远比下楼难！ 引述自--天涯论坛：
我是在深圳H公司搞无线研发的。今天看到一些消息，写点东西，可能思路不是很清晰，大家凑和看看吧。
1月12日发生了两件事情，
一是百度被黑4小时，不能使用，中午百度官方说美国的域名解析服务器被人恶意修改。
二是中国电信CDMA网络，昨天下午绝大部分省份有GPS告警，但是没有引发电话中断，美国官方说升级GPS系统。 谷歌的逃走证明他们管理层的愚昧，不过百度相比谷歌在技术上还是有不小的差距，希望能有后来者填补空白！
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