【2011.7.29 BBC】澳大利亚欠华人们一个道歉吗？
【原帖地址】http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-14276280【原文标题】Does Australia owe its Chinese an apology?
【译者】MacTavish_Tang
【翻译方式】人工
在澳大利亚，华裔移民们已经忍受了有政府支持的歧视政策长达一个世纪的时间。现在，澳籍中国人正在准备要求获得一个来自官方的道歉。
Dennis O'Hoy的祖父在1860年从香港移民到了澳大利亚南部的金矿区（Goldfields）。他被迫居住在那种肮脏的帐篷内，而在那里，充斥着贫穷与种族歧视。
O'Hoy说，据他祖父描述，那些面对困境，无法继续维持生计的中国人，最终很多选都选择了上吊自杀，或投河自尽。
O'Hoy继续说道：“这是很悲惨的，因为他们既没有钱回到中国，而留在当地则又没有人会给他们任何帮助。”
这些19世纪的工人和矿工的后代说，现在是澳大利亚为它的过去向华人们道歉的时候了。
罪恶与吸食鸦片
19世纪中叶，新发现的金矿区和新南威尔士州吸引了大批来自中国的移民。他们携家带口，“浩浩荡荡”的来到澳大利亚，但是他们总是被投以嫉妒和猜疑的眼光。
19世纪60年代早期，爆发了澳大利亚历史上最严重的一次种族骚乱，受到骚乱的刺激，数百民白人矿工袭击了蓝坪窟的华人探矿员，该地位于新南威尔士州的金矿带。
由手镐和铲子武装起来的暴民发动了打砸抢烧。
荒唐的是，作为回应，政府惩罚了受害者而不是犯罪分子。并且政府在1861年通过了限制与管理华人移民的议案（the Chinese Immigration Restriction and Regulation Act），旨在通过强制华人缴税来减少他们的人数。
作为代表华人的最高组织，澳大利亚华人社区理事会会长,Anthony Pun说：“当时，华人社区被描绘成是邪恶的，吸食鸦片的地方。华人被很深的成见所对待，”
1901年的移民限制法案，也就是所谓的白澳法案，是一次阻止移民的尝试。
根据该政策，官员会用任意一种欧洲语言口授一篇50字左右的文章。如果想要成为的人未能正确的写下这段话，他将会被拒绝进入澳大利亚。这项政策在20世纪绝大部分时间内都是有效的。
层层的歧视
目前超过60万澳大利亚人（约占澳大利亚总人口的3%）自称有中国血统。华人社区理事会主要负责此次要求政府道歉的行动，并打算写信给联邦政府，要求政府在未来几周内作出正式的道歉。
Anthony Pun说，与新西兰和加拿大对华人的道歉相类似的声明将会抚慰华人的旧疮。
他说：“让我们承认历史上所发生过的事，承认它然后继续前进。”
Daphne Lowe Kelley，澳大利亚的中国文物协会的负责人声称，其他移民的工人群体同样受到了不公正对待，而这之中，华人工人所受的待遇是最差的。那些华人不但受到来自法律上的歧视，他们还被强行与家人们分开，并忍受着报纸上的各种污蔑。比如，一些人将华人描述成野蛮人一样的二等公民，华人玷污了白种人的纯洁性。
Daphne Lowe Kelley认为：“这些言论使得华人的形象变得十分可怕，而因为这些言论，华人则不得不艰难度日。”
更广泛地道歉
现在，经历过那个受到欺压，歧视的年代的人仍有尚在人世的。Arthur Chang在他还是个年轻人的时候就追随他的父亲来到澳大利亚，在澳大利亚的内陆寻找工作。
Arthur Chang现在已经90岁了，回忆往昔时，他说，他的父亲经历了各种磨难。他认为：“澳大利亚人民是很友好的，但是政府当年的那些政策让这一切变的很糟。”
那么一个正式的道歉对Arthur Chang意味着什么呢？
在Arthur Chang看来，一个正式的道歉将会平抚他的心灵。他还说到，现在澳大利亚已经宽容多了，而华人也更受到尊重。
最近，澳大利亚的首相已经就过去当地人和儿童移民所受到的不公正对待做出了道歉。
但是格里菲斯大学（Griffith University）的退休政治与历史学教授Ross Fitzgerald认为对澳籍华人作出道歉是与悔罪相类似的错误行为。
他说：“如果开了这个先例，那么你什么时候停止道歉呢？如果向华人道了歉，那么你就必须向那些从太平洋的岛屿上被带到这里来的契约劳工们道歉，你就必须向同性恋群体道歉。总而言之，你必须向各种团体道歉，道歉，再道歉。”
Ross Fitzgerald认为就目前而言，官方道歉似乎并不是个好主意。
原文：
Chinese migrants endured more than a century of government-backed discrimination in Australia. Now, Chinese Australians are about to ask for a formal apology.
Dennis O'Hoy's grandfather arrived in the southern Australian goldfields from Hong Kong in 1860. He was forced to live in squalid settler camps, surrounded by poverty and racism.
"Many committed suicide by hanging or drowning themselves," says Mr O'Hoy, remembering his grandfather's descriptions of the plight of Chinese men who could not cope.
"It's just tragic because they didn't have money to get back to China and there was no-one to look after them in Australia."
Descendants of those 19th Century labourers and miners say it is time that Australia said sorry for the past.
'Evil and opium-smoking'
In the middle of the 19th Century, the newly found goldfields of Victoria and New South Wales attracted settlers from China. They were prolific and arrived in large numbers - but were often viewed with jealousy and suspicion.
In the early 1860s, those feelings boiled over into one of the worst race riots in Australian history. Hundreds of white miners attacked Chinese prospectors at Lambing Flat in the New South Wales gold belt.
Armed with pickaxes and spades, the mob burned camps, looted property and seriously injured dozens of Chinese workers.
In response, the government punished the victims rather than the aggressors. They passed the Chinese Immigration Restriction and Regulation Act in 1861, subjecting the Chinese to entry taxes in a bid to reduce their number.
"The Chinese community back then was painted as evil and opium-smoking. There was very heavy stereotyping and I'm glad I didn't live in that era," says Anthony Pun, president of Chinese Community Council of Australia, the most high-profile group representing Chinese Australians.
Anti-Chinese discrimination did not end in the 19th Century though. The Immigration Restriction Act of 1901, which ushered in the so-called White Australia Policy, subjected all immigrants to prohibitive tests.
Under the policy, officials would dictate a 50-word passage in any European language. If the would-be immigrant failed to write down the passage correctly, they would be refused entry into Australia. That policy was in force for most of the 20th Century.
Layers of discrimination
Currently more than 600,000 Australians claim to have Chinese ancestry - about 3% of the population. The Chinese Community Council is leading the calls for an apology and intends to write to the federal government to request a formal apology in the next few weeks.
Mr Pun says a statement of regret similar to those expressed to the Chinese in New Zealand and Canada would heal old wounds.
"Let us once and for all recognise what happened in history, acknowledge it and move on," he says.
Daphne Lowe Kelley, the head of the Chinese Heritage Association of Australia, says other groups of imported workers also faced subjugation and abuse - but it was the Chinese who suffered the most.
Not only did they endure legislative discrimination, they were also forcibly separated from their families and denigrated in newspapers, she says.
"They depicted the Chinese as being sub-human as if they were barbarians and were corrupting the morals of white society," she says.
"It really painted a terrible picture of the Chinese, who had to live through this for quite a long period of time."
Wider apology
There are still surviving links to those oppressive days. Arthur Chang came to Australia as a teenager to join his father, who arrived in Australia from China in 1885 and had travelled the outback looking for work.
Mr Chang, now 90 years old, says his father had a tough life, punctuated by bigotry and hardship.
"The Australian people were very good, but it was government policy in those days that was really very discouraging," he says.
So what would a formal apology mean to him?
"It would ease my mind," he says, adding that the country is more tolerant now, and Chinese people are more respected.
In recent times Australian prime ministers have said sorry for the past mistreatment of the country's indigenous peoples and child migrants, who were abused in state care.
But Ross Fitzgerald, an emeritus professor of history and politics at Griffith University, believes it would be a mistake to offer Chinese Australians a similar act of contrition.
"Where do you stop? If you apologise to the Chinese, surely you've got to apologise to those South Sea islanders who were brought here as indentured labourers, you'd have to apologise to the gay community and you'd have to apologise to a whole lot of different groups," he says.
"On the face of it seems to be a rather perverse idea." 应该道歉！ 问题是澳大利亚会不会道歉、、、感觉现阶段不大可能 '他说：“如果开了这个先例，那么你什么时候停止道歉呢？如果向华人道了歉，那么你就必须向那些从太平洋的岛屿上被带到这里来的契约劳工们道歉，你就必须向同性恋群体道歉。总而言之，你必须向各种团体道歉，道歉，再道歉。”'——
这家伙将华人群体，与他们在历史受到的不公正待遇与歧视，和现今社会中的同性恋及其他各种主张自己权力的社会团体划了等号，这本身就说明了他的无知跟愚蠢。就凭这句话，他也得先道歉。
袋类国据说是白鬼的基因库，它们当然和它们的祖先一样无耻到底。至今还有国内一些SB净想着往袋类国钻！ 外国人很聪明啊做完坏事 然后道歉 就没事了 真牛逼i 应该进行国家赔偿才对！ 最后一段亮了。 中国不需要道歉，一切会有偿还的时候 遥想当年，西方国家的人到哪里都是资本主义侵略，中国人都是在外面做劳工。
真不公平 遥想当年，西方国家的人到哪里都是资本主义侵略，中国人都是在外面做劳工。
真不公平 没什么.还没到时候.总有一天我们要让他们的头头像德国头头一样跪下来道歉 谁给翻译一下：出来混，总要还的。
用这个来教育一下白鬼 chenperu 发表于 2011-8-5 03:34 static/image/common/back.gif
谁给翻译一下：出来混，总要还的。
用这个来教育一下白鬼
what goes around comes around 哎~~~还是邓公有远见啊，如果我们还是1949年个样子，又谁鸟我们啊:L "Where do you stop? If you apologise to the Chinese, surely you've got to apologise to those South Sea islanders who were brought here as indentured labourers, you'd have to apologise to the gay community and you'd have to apologise to a whole lot of different groups
应该道歉。。
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