【赫芬顿邮报12.29】北斗卫星系统会减弱中国对GPS系统的依赖
本帖最后由 梅尔拉斯 于 2012-1-1 11:28 编辑【赫芬顿邮报12.29】北斗卫星系统会减弱中国对GPS系统的依赖【中文标题】北斗卫星系统会减弱中国对GPS系统的依赖【原文标题】Beidou Satellite System Will Decrease China's Dependence On U.S. Global Positioning System 【登载媒体】赫芬顿邮报
【来源地址】http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/12/29/beidou-satellite-china_n_1174058.html
【译者】梅尔拉斯
【翻译方式】人工
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【原文库链接】http://bbs.m4.cn/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=3269481&page=1#pid5410600
北斗卫星系统将减少中国对美国全球定位系统的依赖
By David Lague
HONG KONG (Reuters) - China this week reached a milestone in its drive to master the military use of space with the launch of trials for its Beidou satellite global positioning network, a move that will bring it one step closer to matching U.S. space capabilities.
香港（路透社） -通过一系列为北斗全球定位系统而进行的发射试验，中国于本周在太空技术军事化应用方面取得了里程碑式的进步。这一成就将进一步缩小中美太空技术之间的差距。
If Beijing can successfully deploy the full 35 satellites planned for the Beidou network on schedule by 2020, its military will be free of its current dependence for navigation on the U.S. global positioning network (GPS) signals and Russia's similar GLONASS system.
如果北京能成功按计划于2020年完全部署北斗卫星网络的全部35颗卫星，其军事力量将摆脱目前对美国全球定位系统(GPS)以及俄罗斯格洛纳斯系统（GLONASS）的导航依赖。
And, unlike the less accurate civilian versions of GPS and GLONASS available to the People's Liberation Army (PLA), this network will give China the accuracy to guide missiles, smart munitions and other weapons.
而且，不像解放军目前使用的精确较低的民用版GPS和格洛纳斯系统，新的定位网络将为中国的导弹，智能弹药以及其他武器提供更精确的制导能力。
"This will allow a big jump in the precision attack capability of the PLA," said Andrei Chang, a Hong Kong-based analyst of the Chinese military and editor of Kanwa Asian Defense magazine.
“这将使解放军的精确打击能力得到跨越式提升”位于香港的中国军事分析家、汉和亚洲防务杂志的主编, 平可夫评论道
China has launched 10 Beidou satellites and plans to launch six more by the end of next year, according to the China Satellite Navigation Management Office.
根据中国卫星导航系统管理办公室的说法，中国已经发射了10颗北斗系列卫星，并计划在明年年底前继续发射6颗。
Chinese and foreign military experts say the PLA's General Staff Department and General Armaments Department closely coordinate and support all of China's space programs within the sprawling science and aerospace bureaucracy.
中国和外国的军事专家认为，解放军总参谋部和总装备部这两大部门一直在庞大的科学技术以及航空机构领域内密接协作，支持着中国所有太空计划
As part of this system, the Beidou, or "Big Dipper," network will have an important military role alongside the country's rapidly expanding network of surveillance, imaging and remote sensing satellites.
随着中国监控网络、成像以及遥感卫星的快速发展，作为这个系统的一部分，“北斗”，或者称作“北斗七星”网络，将在军事领域扮演重要角色。
China routinely denies having military ambitions in space.
中国经常否认在太空的军事野心。
Defense Ministry spokesman Yang Yujun Wednesday dismissed fears the Beidou network would pose a military threat, noting that all international satellite navigation systems are designed for dual civilian and military use.
国防部发言人杨宇军于周三批驳了关于北斗网络会造成军事威胁的担心，并指出，所有国际上的卫星导航系统都被设计赋予了民用和军事的双重用途。
CATCHING UP WITH THE U.S.
赶上美国
China accelerated its military satellite research and development after PLA commanders found they were unable to track two U.S. aircraft carrier battle groups deployed in 1996 to the Taiwan Strait at a time of high tension between the island and the mainland, analysts say.
分析人士认为，在96年台海危机时，解放军的指挥官们发现他们无法追踪美国部署在台湾海峡的两个航空母舰战斗群。因此中国决定开始加快其军事卫星的研究和发展。
The effort received a further boost when it was shown how crucial satellite networks were in the 1991 Gulf War, the 1999 NATO bombing of Yugoslavia and the 2003 invasion of Iraq.
尤其是当1991年海湾战争，1999年北约空袭南联盟以及2003年美英入侵伊拉克这一系列战争中，卫星网络的关键作用再一次展现在世人眼中。（中国加快发展卫星系统的）努力也因此得到了进一步的加强。
While China still lags the United States and Russia in overall space technology, over the last decade it has rapidly become a state-of-the-art competitor in space-based surveillance after deploying a range of advanced satellite constellations that serve military and civilian agencies.
尽管中国在空间技术领域整体上仍落后于美国和俄罗斯，在过去十年中，经过部署一系列为军事和民用服务的先进卫星星座，中国在空间监控领域已经迅速成为其他国家最强劲的竞争对手。
With the launch of more than 30 surveillance satellites over the last decade, according to space technology experts, the PLA can monitor an expanding area of the earth's surface with increased frequency, an important element of reliable military reconnaissance.
空间技术专家分析认为，随着（中国）在过去十年中发射了超过30颗侦察卫星，解放军可以以更高的频率监测更大的范围，这是构建稳定有效的军事侦察中系统不可缺少的一个重要环节。
That coverage gives PLA commanders vastly improved capability to detect and track potential military targets.
这一（监控系统）覆盖率帮助解放军的指挥官们提升了侦查和追踪潜在军事目标的能力。
Real-time satellite images and data can also be used to coordinate the operations of China's naval, missile and strike aircraft forces in operations far from the mainland.
实时卫星图像和数据也可用于协调中国海军，导弹和攻击机部队在远离大陆的地区执行任务。
"What we are seeing is China broadly acquiring the same capabilities in this area as those held by the U.S.," said Ross Babbage, a defense analyst and founder of the Canberra-based Kokoda Foundation, an independent security policy unit.
“我们所看到的是,在（太空）领域，中国广泛地将与美国拥有相同的能力作为自己的目标。”罗斯.巴贝奇,独立安全政策机构科科达基金会的防务分析家和创始人评论道。
"Essentially, they are making most of the Western Pacific far more transparent to their military."
“从本质上讲，他们正在使西太平洋的大部分地区在军事上对他们更加透明。”
In a recent article for the Journal of Strategic Studies, researchers Eric Hagt and Matthew Durnin attempted to estimate the capability of China's space network using orbital modeling software and available data on satellite performance.
在战略研究杂志最近的一篇文章中，研究人员Eric Hagt和Matthew Durnin试图通过建模软件以及现有的卫星数据对中国空间轨道能力进行评估。
China's most basic satellites carried electro-optical sensors capable of taking high resolution digital images in the visible and non-visible wavelengths, wrote the authors.
中国卫星所携带的最基本的光电传感器能够在可见光和非可见光波长下获取高分辨率数字图像。他们说道。
More advanced satellites launched in recent years carried powerful synthetic aperture radars that could penetrate cloud and cover much bigger areas in high detail.
而近年来所发射的更加先进的卫星携带了强大的合成孔径雷达，能够在穿透云层并覆盖更大地区的同时，获取更多更详细的信息。
Added to that, China was now deploying satellites that could monitor electronic signals and emissions, so-called electronic intelligence or ELINT platforms, the authors said.
同时作者认为，除此之外，中国为了建立所谓的电子情报或者说电子情报系统平台而部署的卫星可以监测电子信号及其发射情况。
"Next to China, only the United States possesses more capable tactical support systems in space for tactical operations," they wrote. “只有美国在宇宙空间拥有比中国更强大的战术行动支援系统”他们写道。 平可夫的话西方还有人听啊 ！汉和里都是些烂大街的消息。 路还长着呢 yqh 发表于 2012-1-1 21:13 static/image/common/back.gif
平可夫的话西方还有人听啊 ！汉和里都是些烂大街的消息。
其实我当时也想吐槽下.. 谁会让自己军队的瞄准镜握在别人手里？
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