【外交政策0130】看谁在为推特的审查制度喝彩
本帖最后由 lilyma06 于 2012-2-2 09:58 编辑【中文标题】为推特审查制度叫好的领导人——看谁在为推特的审查制度喝彩？
【原文标题】Twitter's censorship cheerleaders
【登载媒体】外交政策
【来源地址】http://blog.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2012/01/30/twitters_censorship_cheerleaders
【译者】lilyma06
【翻译方式】人工
【声明】欢迎转载，请务必注明译者和出处 bbs.m4.cn。
【译文】
推特上周推出一项新的审查系统来审查发布的内容是否违反当地的法律，很多人表示愤慨。有些人在周六参与了抵制服务。“无国界记者”还联名写了封信谴责这举动。瑞典推特用户Björn Nilsson写道“谢谢你们进行审查，来自叙利亚、巴林、伊朗、土耳其、中国、沙特阿拉伯的政府和朋友致贺电。”
在泰国有着严格的危害国家罪法律来惩罚那些批判王室的人，信息通信技术部部长Jeerawan Boonperm称推特的新政策是一项“值得欢迎的进步”，并告诉《曼谷邮报》她正在考虑将与该公司进行合作的方式，而该部门已经和谷歌和脸谱有了合作。 Next Web 指出过去泰国已经依赖Facebook和Youtube来移除那些违反当地法律的内容。
在中国推特是被封锁的，徐明在《环球时报》上发表社论赞扬推特“在西方世界中不受约束自由服务。”（一些人将推特的做法解释为其进军中国的一项尝试，然而周五电子前沿基金会的 Jillian York告诉《外交政策》，推特想在欧洲设立分部还要更多的工作要做。）徐明说，推特还是十分精明的。
“尊重不同国家的文化和想法是很重要的，这样才能更和谐地融入到当地环境中去……
即使是在互联网和一些将自由作为主要卖点的国家来说也不可能有无限的自由。
推特已经认清了现实，在究竟是做政治工具，还是作为一家公司在商言商遵循规则之间，作出了自己的抉择。 ”
也不知跟推特这次举动是否相关，《环球时报》主编胡锡进周末的时候开通了推特，并迎来了艾未未的尖锐反应。”欢迎来到这片禁土。”他@胡锡进。当然并不单单是泰国和中国。俄罗斯公共室——政府监督委员会的会员Anton Korobkov-Zemlyansky在接受俄罗斯之声的采访时说道，“推特只不过是想在可能的丑闻和诉讼中保护自己。”他说道那些在网上对自由言论批评的人们更多是出于强烈的情感而不是理性。“我们已经生活在一个被审查的世界，”在提到审查时他补充说道，“俄罗斯的法律已是相对自由的了。”《莫斯科时报》同时也引用了一些批判推特决定或者的俄罗斯活动家的话。 Ilya Varlamov说道，“推特传播的很快。政府想要封锁相关消息的时候信息早已过时了。”
就伊朗国家电视台（PressTV）而言也反对推特，并伺机对伊朗的主要竞争对手沙特阿拉伯进行投机来塑造公司的新政策。国营新闻媒体指出沙特阿拉伯王子AlWaleed bin Talal 近期投资3亿美元给推特公司——而这次交易“在人权活动家中引起了愤怒，他们称这将最终引来对自由言论的限制。”推特的这次决定是在“沙特阿拉伯和巴林的抗议者强烈依靠社交网络来进行反zf行走。”PressTV忽略了叙利亚分子也可以使用服务器。所以你就知道了，泰国和中国目前是在讨论关于自由言论的问题，而伊朗则相反，不大可能会让推特参与进来。When Twitter unveiled a new systemlast week to censor specific tweets in specific countries if thecontent violates local laws, many people reacted in anger. Some spent Saturday boycotting the service. Reporters Without Borders penned a letter denouncing the move. International microblogging celebrities such as Ai Weiwei and Mahmoud Salem took Twitter to task. "Thank you for the #censorship, #twitter, with love from thegovernments of #Syria, #Bahrain, #Iran, #Turkey, #China, #Saudi and friends," Swedish Twitter user Björn Nilsson wrote.
In fact, Nilsson wasn't so far off. Since Twitter's announcement, voices in countries where free speech is tightly restricted have rushed to the company's defense (others claim Twitter's new rules are actually good for free speech).
In Thailand, which has strict lèse majesté laws to punish those who criticize the royal family, the information and communication technology minister, Jeerawan Boonperm, called Twitter's new policy a "welcome development" and told the Bangkok Post that she would be following up with the company to discuss ways to collaborate, as her ministry already does with Google and Facebook. The Next Web points out that Thailand has leaned on Facebook and YouTube in the past to remove content that violates local laws.
In China, where Twitter is blocked, the state-run Global Times published an editorial by Xu Ming applauding Twitter, a "service reputed for its free-wheeling and libertarian ways in the Western world." (Some have interpreted Twitter's move as an effort to make inroads inChina, though the Electronic Frontier Foundation's Jillian York told Foreign Policy on Friday that Twitter's new system may have more to do with the company setting up offices in Europe.) Twitter is acting shrewdly, Xu argued:
It is important for it to respect the cultures and ideas of different countries so as to blend into local environments harmoniously....
It is impossible to have boundless freedom, even on the Internet and even in countries that make freedom their main selling point.
The announcement of Twitter might have shown that it has already realized the fact and made a choice between being an idealistic political tool as many hope and following pragmatic commercial rules as a company.
In a move that may or may not be related to Twitter's new policy, the editor in chief of the Global Times, Hu Xijin, joined the microblogging service over the weekend, drawing a sharp response from Ai Weiwei. "Welcome to forbidden land," the dissident artist tweeted at Hu.
Thailand and China aren't alone. Anton Korobkov-Zemlyansky, a member of the Russian Public Chamber, a government oversight committee, told the state-run Voice of Russia that Twitter is just "trying to protect itself from possible scandals or lawsuits." He said those who criticize threats to free speech on the web are guided more by emotion than reason. "We are already living in a rather censored world," he explained, adding that "Russian laws are rather liberal" when it comes to censorship. The Moscow Times, meanwhile, quoted Russian activists condemning Twitter's decision or dismissing it as hollow. "Twitter is too fast," blogger Ilya Varlamov noted. "By the time the government would get around to blocking content, it would already be too old to matter."
Iran's PressTV, for its part, has subtly come out against Twitter and helped feed speculation that Saudi Arabia, Iran's archrival, helped shape the company's new policy. The state-run news outlet noted that Saudi Prince AlWaleed bin Talal recently invested $300 million in Twitter -- a transaction that "sparked outrage among rights activists who said it would eventually lead to the restriction of freedom of speech." Twitter's decision comes as "Saudi Arabian and Bahraini protesters heavily rely on the social networking site for their anti-government protests," PressTV observed, conventiently overlooking use of the service by Syrian activists.
So there you have it. Thailand and China on one side of the free speech debate and Iran on the other, with Twitter improbably in the middle.
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