【新闻周刊 20120202】中国的非洲之痛
本帖最后由 woikuraki 于 2012-3-31 14:51 编辑【中文标题】中国的非洲之痛
【原文标题】China’s Africa Problem
【登载媒体】新闻周刊
【原文作者】Dan Levin
【原文链接】http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/02/02/china-s-africa-problem.html
在面对近期诸多起挑衅和攻击时，包括本周29名工人在苏丹被绑架，中国未能利用其军事实力解救它的人民，这像是一个国际超级力量应该做出的反应吗？
侯宪明最后一次听到他女朋友的声音是在星期六的下午，她打电话来说，正在回到办公室的路上，等一会就会去机场搭乘回到中国的航班，以享受她渴望已久的假期。突然之间，通话被中断了，他再拨回去时，没有人接电话。接下来的几天，侯是在失眠和狂躁中度过的，因为他听说一家道路建设公司的29名中国员工，包括他的女朋友李艳，在混乱的南部省份科尔多凡被苏丹反叛组织绑架了。至今还没有被解救。
星期二，事态升级了。有传言说埃及西奈地区的贝因都部落人绑架了25名中国工人，希望以此来交换埃及俘虏。尽管这些工人很快被释放了，但是这两起事件让很多中国人相当沮丧，他们觉得自己的国家保护人民的能力严重落后于经济发展的实力。
为了处理工人绑架事件，中国在星期二派遣一个危机应对小组到苏丹，协助与反叛军的协商。但是这条新闻并未在网络上唤起民众的信心，有些中国人更愿意看到更加强硬的态度，类似于美国和西方国家在面对人质危机时所采取的行动。
有人在新浪微博上说：“如果是美国或者俄罗斯，他们早就会空降特种部队了。”
星期一，中国驻苏丹大使罗小光（左）迎接中国工人抵达苏丹喀土穆国籍机场。人质被羁押的地点在几天前遭到攻击。
另一个人说：“派工作组去苏丹有什么用，是去问好吗？如果你真的强硬，就派兵进去。”
但是，这种态度是与中国到目前为止还算成功的外交政策背道而驰的，它的重点是用经济手段交朋友，而不是用武力给自己树敌。其重要的一个交友方式是中国公司在海外的投资，尤其是发展中国家。中国工人潮水般涌向这些国家，修建基础设施、宫殿和政府建筑物，以交换宝贵的自然资源，为中国极速发展的经济注入燃料。据商务部提供的数据，到去年年底，中国的海外工人达80万，是2002年的两倍。
近年来，中国工人逐渐进入一些武装冲突的核心地带，他们所面临的危险也越来越多。去年，当利比亚全国陷入混乱时，35000名中国工人被迫撤离。几个月之后在巴基斯坦，疑似塔利班武装分子绑架了几名中国工程师，之后又袭击了西南部省份Balochistan的另一队工程师，那里有丰富的天然气资源。10月份，13名中国船员驾驶两艘货船进入泰国水域之后被残忍杀害——据路透社报道，船上载有92万片麻黄碱，价值600万美元。中国军队随后派出舰艇在那一代巡逻。
频繁发生的中国人在海外遇袭事件，让有关中国该怎样调整其国际战略的争论再次浮出水面，北京严密关注着公众的情绪。布鲁金斯学会中国研究中心主任Kenneth Lieberthal说：“中国政府不喜欢在国际上表现得过于软弱，尤其是涉及到无法保护由国家委派到外国的公民的生命安全问题。”中国互联网上那些激进的反zf言论很快消失了，监察机构希望降低政治损失。
但是，在北京试图利用宣传手段在国内赢得这场争论之前，它必须大幅度改善其安全策略来保护海外的中国公民。在Lieberthal这类地区，生命安全遭受威胁是家常便饭。而这需要多年的努力才能实现。
他说：“西方公司不愿意涉足那些地区，因为的确太危险了。中国现在开始意识到这些恐惧是有足够理由的，那就是会死人。”
国有媒体均采取实用主义的观点来看待当前的形势，在支持北京与非洲继续交往的同时，小心翼翼地不提出过高的期望。民族主义色彩浓重的报纸《环球时报》的一位编辑说：“中国目前还没有足够的力量来保护散布在世界各地的每一个中国公民，世界上没有任何一个国家的公民会像中国人一样大批散居在那些不发达而又时局混乱的地区。确保他们的安全是一个极高的挑战。”
然而其它中国媒体依然在争论中固守自己的观点，坚持认为未来必须采取更加强硬的策略。商业部的一位专家梅新育星期三在《中国商业周刊》上撰文，呼吁中国军方要进入海外战场，抛弃从前立场的同时，必然会让美国坐立不安。他写道：“一个在海外拥有越来越多利益关系的大国，必须用手里的剑保护自己的生意。一厢情愿地固守和平发展路线，只会造成更多的绑架事件。”
换句话说，或许只有当这个国家决定改变策略，用枪而不是用谈话来拯救它的人民之后，这29名人质才会有获救的机会。他们的电话现在依然无法接通。
原文：
In various attacks, including this week’s kidnapping of 29 workers in Sudan, China has failed to flex its military muscle to rescue its own people. Is this how a superpower acts?
The last time Hou Xianming heard from his girlfriend in Sudan was Saturday afternoon, when she called to let him know she was returning to her office before heading to the airport for a much-needed holiday back home in China. Then, suddenly, the line went dead. He called back—no answer. So began a series of sleepless nights and frantic days as Hou learned that 29 Chinese nationals working for a road-building company, including his partner, Li Yan, 24, had been abducted by Sudanese rebels in the volatile state of South Kordofan. They have yet to be rescued.
The crisis grew Tuesday, when word spread that Bedouin tribesman in Egypt’s Sinai region had captured 25 Chinese workers whom they hoped to exchange for Egyptian prisoners. While the workers were soon released, the two incidents have triggered growing frustration among many Chinese who feel their country’s ability to defend its own people is seriously lagging behind its soaring economic power.
To deal with the abducted workers held in Sudan, China on Tuesday sent a crisis-strategy group there to assist in the negotiations with the rebels. But the news did not inspire much confidence online. Some Chinese prefer to see the kind of lethal response sometimes taken by the United States and other countries when faced with a hostage crisis.
“If it was the United States or Russia, they would have airdropped in special commandos by now,” read one post on the popular Chinese microblog Sina Weibo.
Luo Xiaoguang (left), the Chinese ambassador to Sudan, greets Chinese workers upon their arrival at the Khartoum International Airport in Sudan on Monday, days after their site was attacked,
“What’s the use of sending in a working group, to send greetings?” read another. “If you are really strong, send in troops.”
Yet this attitude runs counter to China’s current and so-far successful international strategy to boost its power, which focuses on winning friends economically, rather than making enemies with weapons. Much of this is linked to Chinese companies investing abroad, especially in the developing world, where Chinese laborers have flooded countries to build up infrastructure, palaces, and government buildings in exchange for valuable natural resources that fuel China’s jet-speed development. By the end of last year, more than 800,000 Chinese were working abroad, twice as many as in 2002, according to the Ministry of Commerce.
Chinese working abroad have faced increasing danger in recent years, as their work has led them into the heart of ongoing internal conflicts. Last year, as chaos engulfed Libya, 35,000 Chinese were evacuated by Chinese ships. Several months later in Pakistan, suspected Taliban militants kidnapped Chinese engineers and then attacked another group of engineers in the restive southwestern province of Balochistan, home to abundant natural-gas resources. In October, 13 Chinese sailors were brutally murdered after their two cargo ships—laden with 920,000 methamphetamine pills worth $6 million, according to a recent Reuters report—sailed into Thai waters, prompting the Chinese military to send gunboats to patrol the area.
The frequent stories of Chinese in danger abroad are triggering renewed debate over how China should adjust its international strategy, and Beijing is keeping a close eye on public opinion. “The Chinese government does not like to appear weak internationally, especially when it comes in the form of failing to protect the lives of those placed abroad by the state,” says Kenneth Lieberthal, the director of the John L. Thornton China Center at the Brookings Institution. Indeed, passionately anti-government comments swiftly disappeared from the site as censors sought to limit the political damage.
But before Beijing can win this ongoing battle domestically through propaganda, it must drastically improve its security operations to protect and prepare Chinese citizens abroad for the threats that are part of daily life in certain regions, says Lieberthal. And that will take years.
“These are places Western firms won’t operate in because it’s too risky, and now China is beginning to realize those fears are well grounded—and that people die,” he says.
The state-run media is taking a pragmatic stance on the situation, careful not to raise expectations too high while supporting Beijing’s engagement with Africa. “China is not powerful enough at this time to protect every Chinese citizen scattered around the vast continent,” said an editorial in the nationalistic newspaper Global Times. “No other powers have the same number of nationals living in underdeveloped and turbulent regions as China. Ensuring their safety is a major challenge.”
Yet other Chinese media outlets are pushing the line in the debate, arguing for a much more forceful strategy in the future. According to an article in China Business News on Wednesday, Mei Xinyu, a researcher with the Ministry of Commerce, advocated that it’s time the Chinese military started getting involved abroad—a sharp departure from the past and one sure to unsettle the U.S. “A big country with increasing overseas interests has to protect its business with its sword,” he wrote. “Unilaterally sticking to peace will only encourage further kidnapping.”
In other words, until the country decides to change tactics and save its own workers with guns rather than with negotiations, those 29 hostages may continue to be held captive, their phone calls going unanswered.
美国人的思维。 看来美国人嫌中国建造航空母舰的时间太慢了。 自己满世界当强盗 也指望中国也跟你一样、、 本帖最后由 滔滔1949 于 2012-2-10 09:13 编辑
谈话救回了自己的同胞。，
但是下一次呢？
在决定进入风险地区之前，做好风险评估，要钱不要命的事可实在是要不得。。。。。。
人质已经解救出来了！！
但是 这件事情叫我想起了 天下无贼！ 文章有点意思不过是实话 ;P是不是美国应该提供航母技术和各方面军事技术给中国呢，让中国能迅速达到你们预期的能力呢。
因为只有实力才能保护领土前提下保护国民在国外利益，虽然实力是综合的而不止是军事。 美国佬不懂啥叫：于人钱财替人消灾？花钱保平安？钱重要还是命重要？留得青山在不怕没柴烧！动不动就是武力，愣头青？！ 谢谢分享！ 为了学分自愿顶贴！ 看看了解一下，还是可以的。太过困惑就真的没必要。我要问问：美国人的朝鲜之痛、越南之痛、伊拉克之痛、阿富汗之痛呢？呵呵。 :D 滔滔1949 发表于 2012-2-10 09:11 static/image/common/back.gif
谈话救回了自己的同胞。，
但是下一次呢？
屁话，正是俄斯人不要命的精神，才有了远东大片领土，也正是因为欧洲人不要命的精神，美洲、澳洲才成为西方人的家园！ 为了学分顶贴 为了学分一定要顶 只说明一个问题，钱不是万能的，单纯的赎买政策不一定能赢得人心！ :D:D:D:D,拿分走人 中國航母基地 在上海 崇明島 非洲之痛
:'(
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