【中文标题】【纽约时报0321】为何印度成了世界最大的武器买家？ 【原文标题】 Why Has India Become the World’s Top Arms Buyer? 【登载媒体】 纽约时报
【来源地址】 【纽约时报0321】为何印度成了世界最大的武器买家？
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【翻译方式】 人工
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【原文库链接】http://india.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/03/21/why-has-india-become-the-worlds-top-arms-buyer/
【译文】
为什么印度成为了世界上最大的武器买家？
By HARI KUMAR 记者 哈利·库马尔
http://india.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/03/21/why-has-india-become-the-worlds-top-arms-buyer/
Manish Swarup/Associated Press Defense Minister A.K. Antony poses with senior defense officials, in front of a Mi-17 V5 military utility transport helicopter from Russia, in New Delhi, Feb. 17, 2012.
2012年2月17日，印度新德里，印度国防部长A.K.安东尼与印度高级国防官员在一架从俄罗斯进口的米-17 V5型军事通用运输直升机前合影。Manish Swarup/美联社
India has replaced China as the world’s largest arms buyer, accounting for 10 percent of all arms purchases during the past five years, a Swedish research group said.
印度已经取代中国成为全球最大的武器买家，在过去五年中购买了全球销售武器的10%，一个瑞典研究小组说。
India purchased some $12.7 billion in arms, 80 percent of that from Russia, during 2007-2011, according to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). China’s arms purchases during that time were $6.3 billion, 78 percent of which came from Russia.
根据斯德哥尔摩国际和平研究所（SIPRI)的说法，在2007至2011年间，印度购买了大约127亿美元的武器，其中80%支付给了俄罗斯。与此同时中国购买了63亿美元的武器，其中78%的武器也来自俄罗斯。
India has tried, but failed, to create a sizable domestic manufacturing industry for weapons or even basic military goods, while China has increased production of defense supplies. About 75 percent of India’s weapons purchases came from imports during 2007-11, said Laxman Kumar Behra of the Institute of Defense Studies and Analysis, a government-funded research organization.
印度曾尝试建立起庞大的国内制造工业体系以制造武器甚至基本的军事用品，但最终失败了，而中国却通过增加生产来支持国防。一个政府资助的研究机构国防研究与分析学院的Laxman Kumar Behra说，在2007至2011年间，印度购置武器中的75%来自国外进口。
Some analysts in India attribute the failure to create a domestic defense industry to government involvement. “India’s public sector is very inefficient and the private sector is by and large kept out of arms production,” Mr. Behra said.
印度的一些分析家把未能构建起国内的国防工业归罪于政府。Behra说，“印度公共部门效率低下，而私人企业则被拒绝参与武器生产。”
“We lack long-term vision,” and a culture of research and development, Mr. Behra said. “The government keeps on forming one committee after the other but there is hardly any implementation” of the committee’s recommendations, he said.
“我们在产品研究与发展的文化上缺乏长远的眼光，”Behra说。“政府持续推动组成一个个委员会，但很难去履行落实”委员会提出的建议。
In a recent article in The Economic Times, Uday Bhaskar, a retired commodore and leading strategic analyst, also criticized India’s weapons procurement policy.
在最近的一篇经济时报的文章中说，曾参与领导战略分析的退休准将乌代·巴斯卡（Uday Bhaskar）也批评可印度的武器采购政策。
“More than 60 years after becoming a republic and 50 years after the debacle with China, the opaque Indian defense production establishment does not produce high quality clothing and personal inventory items like boots, let alone a suitable rifle for a one million army, or tanks and aircraft.”
“成为共和国60多年后，同时也是被中国打败50多年后，印度国防生产企业的暗箱操作导致其生产不了高质量的军服和靴子这样的个人物品，更不用说为上百万军队生产合格的枪支了，甚至还有坦克和飞机。”
Russia, the world’s No. 2 weapons supplier in recent years after the United States, sold $7.8 billion in defense supplies in 2011, and $40.8 billion from 2005 to 2011. India bought about one-third of the supplies.
India’s dependence on Russia is a holdover from the Cold War era, when the two were close allies.
俄罗斯这一近几年来仅次于美国的世界第二大武器提供商，在2011年售卖出了78亿美元防卫用品，而从2005年到2011年累计达408亿美元。印度购买了其中的三分之一。作为冷战时期的同盟，印度对俄罗斯的依赖延续至今。
South Korea was the second-largest arms importer from 2007 to 2011, with $7 billion in purchases. Pakistan and China followed, each accounting for about 5 percent of the world’s total arms import during the five-year period, SIPRI said.
南韩是从2007年到2011年间的第二大武器进口国，购买了70亿的武器。巴基斯坦和中国紧随其后，他们在过去五年间每个进口了世界上大约5%的武器，斯德哥尔摩国际和平研究所（SIPRI)的人说。
India’s import of major weapons increased by 38 percent from the 2002-2006 period to the 2007-2011 period. India’s main acquisitions over the past five years were 120 Sukhoi and 16 MiG-29 jet fighter aircraft from Russia and 20 Anglo-French Jaguar fighters.
印度主要武器的进口量在2007至2011年间比2002至2006年间增长了38%，印度在过去五年主要购置的武器是从俄罗斯购买的120架苏凯战机和16架米格-29战机，以及英法联合研制的20架美洲虎战机。
India recently finalized a deal for 126 multi-role fighter aircraft with French defense contractor Rafael, in a deal worth $10 billion.
印度最近拍板了一项从法国国防承包商拉法公司购买总值为100亿美元的126架多用途战斗机的交易。
================================ 补：“More than 60 years after becoming a republic and 50 years after the debacle with China,这句话我一直没明白具体意思，故临时翻译为“成为共和国60多年后，同时也是被中国打败50多年后”，如有其它正确译法，请提醒，非常感谢。并，见笑了，不好意思。
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发表于 2012-3-22 17:31
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