【华尔街日报 20160909】《华尔街日报》进入亚洲40年
本帖最后由 满仓 于 2016-9-30 13:17 编辑【中文标题】《华尔街日报》进入亚洲40年
【原文标题】WSJ Celebrating 40 Years in Asia
【登载媒体】华尔街日报
【原文作者】WSJ News Graphics
【原文链接】http://graphics.wsj.com/celebrating-40-years-in-asia/#/
1976年9月，当《华尔街日报》第一次出版亚洲版本时，这里的大部分地区都是一潭经济死水。40年过去了，亚洲成为了全球经济的核心。
下面是总编杰勒德•贝克致读者的一封信。
当我们在1976年9月第一次印刷亚洲版本的《华尔街日报》时，吉米•卡特正走在通往白宫的道路上；美国正陷入经济的泥潭和水门危机之后的政治空白期；日本即将成为全球未来的经济领袖。至于中国，毛主席病入膏肓，国家在经历了几十年粉碎独裁的努力之后，面对一条前途未卜的道路，经济基础依然羽翼未丰。
今天，美国依然是全球的领导力量，但面临着前所未有的中国超级经济发展和政治影响力挑战。日本经历了痛苦的四分之一世纪经济衰退，经济整体获得了极大的发展，生活水平日益提高，但依然面临严峻的外交和政治环境。
自从我们开始在香港发行出版物的过去40年里，中国的增长，以及它与美国之间重要、复杂的关系，标志着历史最重大的转折——贸易、政治、经济、金融，以及对国际权力的追求。
中国目前占全球经济总量的15％，1976年只占2％。美国占全球经济总量的20％，但是它与中国这两个当代超级大国之间的合作和针锋相对，主导了《华尔街日报》的头条消息。
我们遍布70个国家的记者所记录的是全球的历史事件，我们在当地的读者可以了解到哪些事情影响到他们的生活、业务和收入。
在第一份《华尔街日报》亚洲版上，报纸的出版方道琼斯公司当时的首席执行官沃伦•H•菲力普斯在一封信中说，这份新报纸将会“尽量发挥作用，为我们的亚洲读者提供具有实际意义的信息。”
我们一直奉行这样的标准。我们同时意识到，对我们的读者至关重要的问题已经发生了巨大的改变。我们为能在亚洲发行刊物感到骄傲，但是今天的读者希望随时随地用他们的智能手机就可以看到我们的新闻。
我们今天的任务是向亚洲报告、分析、解释世界，也向世界介绍亚洲——一天24小时不停。这就是为什么我们在纽约、香港和伦敦都建立了全球实时新闻传输系统；这就是为什么我们提升了音频和视频报道力量；也是为什么我们持续探索更新、更好的方法向亚洲市场报道新闻。
菲利普斯先生在1976年说：“我们都被越来越多的阅读材料压得喘不过气来。”如果这是当时的实情，那么放在今天就更加准确了。但是我们的读者知道，提供最经典的新闻、准确、有深度见解、客观、有侧重的分析才是至关重要的。
我们希望你可以在我们的特别报道中形象地看到这一点。为了庆祝亚洲刊物出版40周年，我们选取了过去40年里的40个重大事件。
一如既往，我们非常感谢我们的读者，是你们每天的关注让我们意识到自己工作的重要性。我们满怀兴奋和自信，期待亚洲美好的未来。
诚挚的
杰勒德•贝克
总编
华尔街日报
毛泽东之死
毛泽东，这位统一了中国、重塑民族尊严，但也让这个国家陷入了灾难性的文化大革命的勇士诗人，在1976年9月9日去世，享年82岁。《华尔街日报》报道了毛在27年前领导他的农民军队最终等上权力的顶峰，以及他如何留下了一个在风雨中摇摇欲坠的国家——前途未卜、无人领导。
中国独生子女政策的阴影
2015年10月，中国结束了独生子女政策，这项开始于1979年的政策目的是遏制人口的爆炸式增长。这项政策带来了许多悲剧，包括强迫堕胎、绝育，因为官员们要不惜一切手段完成他们的任务。还出现了一些社会问题，比如家庭规模过小，独生子女需要一个人给父母养老。
香港移交中国前的恐慌
英国在1997年6月30日午夜，向中国移交了香港的管辖权。自从清朝把当时还是一个人烟稀少的岛屿割让给皇家海军上尉，已经过去了156年。正式移交前13年，更具体的时间是1984年12月签订中英联合声明的前6个月，《华尔街日报》报道了香港的紧张情绪，人们都在考虑移民，并向海外转移资产。
马科斯逃亡，菲律宾追缴财富
菲律宾总统费迪南德•马科斯的下台开始于1986年2月一次充满欺骗的选举，在人民力量革命开始18天后逃亡。他的继任者科拉松•阿基诺组建了一个委员会，专门追缴据称被马科斯偷走的价值数十亿美元的现金、珠宝和其它财物。《华尔街日报》报道了追缴这些被秘密隐藏的财富所遭遇的挑战。
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亚洲四虎引导世界经济增长最快的地区
1998年，《华尔街日报》报道了韩国、台湾、香港和新加坡——所谓“亚洲四虎”——的新兴工业经济，揭示了为什么亚太区在领导世界的经济增长。到80年代末，亚洲的出口出现疲软态势，但是随着亚洲消费者的收入和生活水平不断提高，他们接手了振兴经济的重任。
日本无节制的投资让美国紧张
80年代，日本人强劲、贪婪的海外消费引起了世界的关注，就像中国在今天积极的海外投资一样。1990年，《华尔街日报》来到内布拉斯加州的一个城镇，看到日本资金的大量涌入引起了人们对日本依赖的恐慌，以及“美国待售”的不祥预感。
柬埔寨大选面临恐慌和暴力
1993年5月，在越南驱逐红色高棉政权并让洪森担任金边领导人14年之后，柬埔寨准备进行民主选举。投票之前，《华尔街日报》报道了选举所面临的挑战，联合国斥资20亿美元让这个国家恢复和平，结束了长达20年的冲突和混乱。
巴林银行因坏账超过10亿美元而倒闭
英国商业银行巴林在1995年以损失超过10亿美元而倒闭，其原因是28岁的尼古拉斯•W•里森的未授权交易。里森在当年晚些时候被新加坡法院判处罪名成立，但在1999年获释。他的书《魔鬼营业员》被改编成电影。在这家银行崩盘的早期，《华尔街日报》报道了被忽视的警告信号。
亚洲始发的金融危机席卷全球
亚洲金融危机开始于1997年，泰国的外汇储备出现亏空，被迫让货币贬值。金融风暴席卷整个亚洲，波及全球。一年之后，《华尔街日报》报道了美国官员和国际货币基金阻止如何未能应对克林顿总统所说的“半个世纪以来最严重的金融危机”。
印度和巴基斯坦的核试验让双边关系紧张
1998年，印度和巴基斯坦的核武器叫嚣达到了危机的边缘。5月11日，印度进行了三个核弹头的地下核爆试验，结束了24年的核武器研制停滞期。月底，巴基斯坦也进行了一系列核试验。两个南亚国家的边境冲突一触即发。
印度尼西亚总统苏哈托在抗议声中辞职
在印度尼西亚掌权23年的总统苏哈托于1998年5月，在导致数百人死亡的反政府示威和暴乱之后下台。《华尔街日报》说他的下台是“被判、悲伤和救赎的故事”，报道详细讲述了亚洲位置最稳固的政治强人如何在一瞬间倒台。
日本迷失的十年造成巨大的影响
2000年，《华尔街日报》报道了日本“迷失的十年”——十年的经济停滞（其带来的影响延续不止20年），并分析了经济的窘境，以及去管制化和外交压力让日本经济敞开了对外国人的大门。在几年前，没有人能预见到这种状况。
阿富汗的偷运行为填充了塔利班的金库
9/11事件之后，美国开始对阿富汗境内的塔利班武装力量实施打击。打击开始的几个月之后，《华尔街日报》报道了塔利班政权如何从来自西方和亚洲的商品运输活动中赚取利润。他们从走私外国商品、在巴基斯坦境内非法流通的走私犯身上抽取费用。
韩国试图废止财阀体制
一度作为亚洲最强大商业帝国的大宇集团，在1999年因亚洲金融危机造成的资不抵债而解体。《华尔街日报》在一篇文章中分析了韩国对财阀体制态度的转变，但大企业集团依然主导着这个国家的经济。
世界贸易组织开启了中国的“新边疆”
经历了15年的谈判之后，中国在2001年12月成为了世界贸易组织的新成员。《华尔街日报》报道了中国对于世界贸易组织的承诺，将会如何减少国有企业的垄断，迫使本土企业勇敢面对竞争，而不是凭政府的意愿行事。
记者丹尼尔•珀尔在巴基斯坦被害
《华尔街日报》通讯员丹尼尔•珀尔于2002年1月23日在巴基斯坦被绑架，他正准备去采访这个国家伊斯兰运动的一个重要人物。之后死于绑架者的手中。调查人员获取的一份录像带显示，他在被绑架后的4个星期中被杀害。
巴厘岛爆炸案推动反恐战争进程
2002年10月12日，印度尼西亚巴厘岛的爆炸导致202人丧生，大部分是游客。这起事件把东南亚推到了全球反恐战争的前沿阵地。发动印度尼西亚恐怖袭击的基地组织分支机构在2000年之后大部分被摧毁，但是伊斯兰国等组织在印尼和东南亚似乎有抬头的趋势。
印度洋海啸蹂躏东南亚
2004年12月26日，印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西海岸的印度洋海床发生9.1级地震，引发的海啸毁灭的沿岸周边国家，导致22.8万人丧生。灾难发生一年之后，《华尔街日报》报道了令人沮丧的重建进程，尽管外国政府提供了130亿美元的援助。
外科医生披露中国掩盖非典疫情的行径
从2002年11月到2003年7月，严重急性呼吸道综合症，也就是非典，袭击了全球8000人，744人死亡，其中大部分人位于中国和香港。一位半退休外科医生蒋彦永曝光了中国掩盖疫情的行为，导致世界为生组织公开指责北京官方有意掩盖疫情的严重程度。
泰国的民主进程遭遇重创
2014年5月，在经历了为期数个月的暴力抗议之后，泰国军方在一次政变中驱逐了总理英拉•西那瓦。《华尔街日报》报道了这个事件，尽管军阀在多年的政治冲突之后维系着国家的局势——自从2006年罢免前总理、英拉的哥哥他信•西那瓦之后，民主进程依然面临着严峻的阻碍。
中国“裸体资本主义”的昂贵代价
中国从80年代开始的经济迅猛发展提升了数亿人的生活水平，但这样的发展有点像某种裸体资本主义，不顾一切地追求利益主导了生活的各个层次，而且有越来越多的人口濒临威胁。《华尔街日报》的报道“中国蓬勃发展的资本主义的副作用”获得了普利策奖。
印度的经济增长带来发展的野心
2007年，《华尔街日报》报道了印度的经济爆发式增长让数百万人得以拥抱长久以来难以想象的志向：过上比他们的父辈更好的生活，让子女一代的生活质量进一步提高。摆脱国有制度禁锢的新兴产业，让下一代人有更多的选择。但是印度的经济大改革会进行到什么程度，依然是一个问题。
中国凭借奥运会登上国际舞台
2008年北京奥运会是中国历史的分水岭。奥运会的举办，正值这个国家开放市场经济三十年之际，经济的增长让数亿人口脱离贫困，仅用一代人的时间就让一潭经济死水变成了超级经济实体。中国人展现出异乎寻常的乐观态度，他们相信明天一定会更好。
恐怖分子袭击孟买造成166人死亡
2008年11月26日，10名全副武装的巴基斯坦武装人员冲入孟买，袭击了一座大型火车站、两家豪华酒店了一个犹太人中心。在长达三天的围攻中，杀死了166人，300人受伤。这次袭击让本已颇为紧张的印巴关系进一步恶化。印度长期以来指责巴基斯坦支持和资助恐怖分子的行为，但巴基斯坦否认这项指控。
长久困扰斯里兰卡的内战终于结束
2009年5月，斯里兰卡政府士兵击毙了猛虎组织创始人韦卢皮莱•普拉巴卡兰。他的死亡结束了延续26年的内战，10万人在战争中丧生。三个月前，《华尔街日报》报道了政府如何努力维持长久的和平。
地震和海啸引发了日本的核危机
2011年3月11日，一场9.0级的地震袭击了日本东北部，同时引发海啸，灾难导致1.6万人丧生，2600人失踪，核电厂遭到破坏。《华尔街日报》造访了满目疮痍的沿海城市，讲述了市长如何平衡他的家庭和工作之间矛盾的故事。
美军击毙奥萨马•本•拉登
2011年5月2日，一支美国特种部队在巴基斯坦击毙了基地组织领导人奥萨马•本•拉登。他的死亡结束了多年追捕9/11恐怖袭击主谋的行动，也彻底改变了美国外交政策。同时，也为恐怖袭击之后形成的国际格局开启了新篇章，包括美国和巴基斯坦之间的紧张关系。
残暴和强奸和谋杀行为震惊了印度
2012年12月16日，4个男人在新德里一辆私人公交车上袭击并强奸了一位23岁的女人，还殴打了她28岁的男朋友。受害的女人在13天之后重伤不治而亡。袭击时间震惊了印度和整个世界，引发了大规模的示威游行，并让这个国家重新开始考虑对于女性和女权长久以来所持的态度。
日本尝试复兴经济
日本首相安倍晋三曾经发誓要提升工资水平和企业的盈利率，利用金融和财政刺激政策来扭转持续了二十年的价格下降趋势。但是三十年之后，经济持续走软，针对安倍经济政策的质疑不断出现。安倍在2012年12月开始执政后不久，《华尔街日报》检视了冒险政策所面临的挑战。
前共产党官员薄熙来被判无期徒刑
作为中国近三十多年来最重大的政治案件，一家法院在2013年9月判决曾经手眼通天的共产党官员薄熙来无期徒刑，罪名是受贿、挪用公款和滥用权力。一年之后，他的妻子谷开来因杀害一名英国商人被判处死刑缓期执行，后被减刑为无期徒刑。
孟加拉工厂的倒塌让世人看到劣质的供应链
2013年4月24日，达卡附近一座高层工厂的倒塌导致1100人丧生，3000人受伤。事件暴露了孟加拉国支柱型出口产业服装工厂低劣的建筑质量。鉴于来自多个人权组织的批评压力，把服装制造业外包给孟加拉国的国际零售商开始着手改建这个国家的4000多座工厂。
香港拒绝北京的执政理念
从2014年9月开始，有组织的学生民主抗议行动占据了香港几条主要街道，持续了将近两个月，国际金融中心陷入停滞。争议的焦点是香港最高领导人——特首的选举制度。在抗议活动的早期，《华尔街日报》报道了一个家庭两代人意见的分歧。
马来西亚命运悲惨的370航班
马来西亚航空公司370号航班，在2014年3月8日从科伦坡飞往北京，起飞两个小时之后从雷达上消失。尽管部分波音777飞机的碎片从附近海域被打捞上来，但是整架飞机和239名乘客的去向，依然是世界航空史上最大的谜团之一。飞机失踪几天之后，《华尔街日报》报道了几名乘客如何度过他们在登机前的几个小时时间。
昂山素季获得缅甸大选历史性的胜利
昂山素季被军政府以叛徒的名义长年软禁，被释放5年之后，她的全国民主联盟党在议会获得了多数席位。这场胜利让她成功地从一名民主斗士转化为一个政治领导人。目前人们的期望是她的党派能否延续开放政策、遏制腐败、推崇人权。
1MDB：马来西亚丑闻让总理落入陷阱
马来西亚总理纳吉布•拉扎克陷入了国有投资公司“一个马来西亚发展有限公司”（1MDB）丑闻的中心，《华尔街日报》在2015年6月报道，公司的数亿美元资金流入了他的个人银行账户。美国官方采取了历史上最大规模的资金冻结行动。纳吉布先生否认犯有任何过错，也否认以私人目的获取资金。
朝鲜不顾一切地追求核武器
朝鲜虽然被孤立，但武装力量强大，它对于核武器的执着让美国及其盟友颇有挫败感。这个国家还没有摘到成熟的果实，也就是核导弹，但是在炸弹和导弹技术上的不断突破最终必将让亚洲笼罩上核阴影。
习重建中国军队的大胆计划
中国主席习近平试图把人民解放军传统的保护国家免受入侵的职能，转化为一支小规模、现代化的部队，有能力彰显中国海外的军事实力。这项计划在2020年实施的计划，是习到目前为止最大胆的政治冒险。这个计划让美国坐立不安，其亚洲盟友也在担心全球实力的重新分配。
习近平继承毛的重要遗产
5月，《华尔街日报》在中国文化大革命发动50周年之际，报道习近平主席在任职三年的时间里试图复活毛的思想，包括借用他的名言、效仿他的行为。当然，他不会让中国退回到毛的时代，文章试图回答一个问题——习究竟要继承毛的哪些遗产？
中国在南海的主权主张搅乱了亚洲
如果中美之间爆发战争，很可能起始于南中国海，北京在这片争议海域积极地修建人工岛屿让周边国家颇为紧张，也提升了与美国之间的紧张关系。2016年7月，一项国际裁决驳回了中国的领土主张。但是北京没有退缩，美国的态度也依然强硬，也就是说美军依然会在当地保持存在感。
原文：
In September 1976, when The Wall Street Journal first published its Asia edition, much of the region was an economic backwater. Four decades later, Asia is the vibrant heart of the global economy.
A Letter to Readers from Gerard Baker, editor in chief
When we first published an Asia edition of The Wall Street Journal, in September 1976, Jimmy Carter was on his way to the White House, America was mired in economic stagnation and a post-Watergate crisis of political confidence, Japan was on course to be the world’s future economic leader, and China, where Chairman Mao was on his deathbed, faced an uncertain path forward from decades of crushing authoritarianism and a still primitive and cripplingly unproductive economic structure.
Today, the U.S. remains the world’s leading power but is challenged as it has never been by China’s extraordinary economic growth and increasing political assertiveness. Japan is marking a baleful quarter century of economic decline, and emerging economies in the region have experienced extraordinary improvements in their standard of living but still face an increasingly challenging diplomatic and political climate.
In the 40 years since we started publication from Hong Kong, the growth of China and the crucial and complex relationship between it and the U.S. marks one of history’s greatest transformations—in trade, in politics, in economics, in finance and in the pursuit of global power.
China now represents 15% of the global economy, up from just 2% in 1976; the U.S. accounts for around 20% but the partnership and rivalry between the two modern superpowers now dominates The Journal’s daily news agenda.
It is a global story that our reporters in more than 70 countries are committed to chronicling, so that our readers in the region and elsewhere understand the currents that shape their lives, their businesses and their finances.
In a letter in the first edition of The Asian Wall Street Journal, Warren H. Phillips, then-chief executive of Dow Jones & Co., the Journal’s publisher, said the new newspaper would “try to be useful, even essential to our Asian readers in a very practical sense.”
We live by that standard. We also realize that what is essential to our readers has changed dramatically. We are proud of our history of printing across Asia, but our readers today also want to find our news whenever they want and wherever they use their mobile phones.
Our mission today is to report, analyze and explain the world to Asia and Asia to the world—24 hours a day. That is why we have a global real-time news operation across our newsrooms in New York, Hong Kong and London. It is why we have enhanced our visual and video capabilities. And it is why we are exploring new and even better ways to deliver the news in key Asian markets.
Mr. Phillips noted in 1976 that “we all already feel burdened by an overabundance of reading material.” If that was true then, it’s even more accurate today. But our readers know how vital it is for us to deliver our classic mix of news and analysis that is accurate, insightful, objective and focused.
We hope you will see that vividly on display in our special section online, which looks at 40 top stories in Asia from the last four decades in celebration of our 40th anniversary of the Asian edition.
As always, we are deeply grateful to you, our readers, who show us every day that our work matters to you. And we look forward with confidence and excitement to our future in Asia.
Sincerely,
Gerard Baker
Editor in Chief,
The Wall Street Journal
The Death of Mao Zedong
Mao Zedong, the warrior-poet who unified China and restored its national dignity, but also led his country into the disastrous Cultural Revolution, died on Sept. 9, 1976, at 82. The Journal reported on how Mao, who had led his peasant armies to power nearly 27 years earlier, left behind a nervous nation—uncertain about where it was heading and who would lead it.
The Long Shadow of China’s One-Child Policy
In October 2015, China ended its one-child policy, which had been implemented in 1979 to rein in explosive population growth. The policy had spawned tragedies, including forced abortions and sterilizations as officials brutally enforced their quotas, and social problems, such as tiny nuclear families that placed the burden of elderly care on single children.
Hong Kong Nervous as It Prepares for Handover to China
Britain handed over Hong Kong to China at midnight on June 30, 1997—156 years after the Manchu dynasty surrendered what was then a sparsely populated island to a Royal Navy captain. Thirteen years before the handover—and six months before the December 1984 signing of the Sino-British Joint Declaration that laid out the terms—The Journal looked at the nervous mood in Hong Kong, where people considered citizenship abroad and moving investments elsewhere.
Marcos Falls in the Philippines, Sparking Hunt for Wealth
Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos’s fall from power began in February 1986 with an election marked by fraud and ended when he fled the country 18 days later amid the People Power Revolution. His successor, Corazon Aquino, created a commission to hunt for billions of dollars in cash, jewelry and other property the government alleged Mr. Marcos stole. The Journal reported on the challenges of recovering the carefully hidden fortune.
China Orders Crackdown Against Tiananmen Square Protesters
On June 4, 1989, China’s leaders ordered the military to suppress a month-old pro-democracy demonstration, led by student protesters, in Beijing’s Tiananmen Square. In a full-scale assault, troops opened fire, killing hundreds or even thousands—a precise number of dead isn’t known. The Chinese government still forbids mention of the crackdown, and authorities tighten security in the square each year on the anniversary.
Four Asian Tigers Lead Region to World’s Fastest Economic Growth
In 1988, The Journal examined the newly industrialized economies of South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore—the four “Asian tigers”—to explain why the Asia-Pacific region was leading the world in economic growth. By the end of the 1980s, the Asian export boom was cooling, but Asian consumers—with their incomes and living standards rising—were picking up the slack.
Japanese Spending Spree Sparks Tension With U.S.
In the 1980s, Japan’s strong growth and voracious overseas spending caught the world’s attention, just as China’s active foreign investment is in the spotlight now. In 1990, The Journal visited a town in Nebraska to look at how Japanese capital pouring into the country created fears of dependence on Japan and concerns over the “selling of America.”
Fear and Violence Challenge Cambodia’s Elections
In May 1993, more than 14 years after Vietnam ousted the Khmer Rouge regime and installed Hun Sen as leader in Phnom Penh, Cambodia prepared for democratic elections. On the eve of the poll, The Journal reported on the challenges facing a $2 billion U.N. effort to restore peace to the country and end two decades of conflict and chaos.
Barings Collapses Under Weight of More Than $1 Billion in Bad Bets
Barings, the British merchant bank, collapsed in 1995 under more than $1 billion in losses from unauthorized trading by Nicholas W. Leeson, a 28-year-old trader for the bank in Singapore. Mr. Leeson was sentenced to prison in Singapore later that year and released in 1999. His book, “Rogue Trader,” was adapted into a film. In the early days of the debacle, The Journal reported on how the firm had ignored warning signals.
Starting in Asia, a Financial Crisis Ripples Across the World
The Asian financial crisis began in July 1997, when Thailand ran out of foreign-exchange reserves and was forced to devalue its currency. Economic turmoil spread across the region and rippled across the globe. A year later, The Journal explained how U.S. officials and the International Monetary Fund had yet to contain what President Clinton called “the worst financial crisis in half a century.”
Tensions Flare as India and Pakistan Conduct Nuclear Tests
In 1998, the nuclear saber-rattling of India and Pakistan reached a critical point. On May 11, India conducted underground tests of three nuclear warheads, ending its moratorium on nuclear tests after 24 years. Before the end of the month, Pakistan matched India with a series of nuclear-bomb tests, threatening to push the two South Asian nations into a destabilizing arms race.
Indonesian President Suharto Resigns After Deadly Protests
President Suharto, who ruled Indonesia for 32 years, stepped down in May 1998 following days of antigovernment demonstrations and rioting that left hundreds dead. Describing the downfall as “a story of betrayal, anguish and redemption,” The Journal detailed how one of Asia’s most durable strongmen lost power so swiftly.
Japan’s Lost Decade Forced Dramatic Change
In 2000, The Journal reported on Japan’s “lost decade”—10 years of economic stagnation (which eventually stretched to two lost decades)—and examined how the resulting distress, coupled with deregulation and diplomatic pressures, opened up the Japanese economy to foreigners to an extent almost no one had foreseen just a few years earlier.
Smuggling in Afghanistan Helped to Fill Taliban’s Coffers
A few months after U.S. forces launched strikes on Taliban military headquarters inside Afghanistan following the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, The Journal reported on how the regime profited from traffic in consumer goods from the West and Asia, exacting tolls from smugglers who shipped foreign-made goods through the country and then illegally moved the goods over to Pakistan.
South Korea Attempts to Dismantle Chaebol System
The Daewoo Group, once one of Asia’s most powerful business empires, disintegrated in 1999 under a mountain of debt in the wake of the Asian financial crisis. In this article on the dismantling of Daewoo, The Journal examined South Korea’s changing treatment of the chaebol, or conglomerates, that still dominate the country’s economy today.
China Opens ‘New Frontier’ With WTO Membership
After 15 years of negotiations, China became a member in the World Trade Organization in December 2001. The Journal explained how China’s commitments to the WTO would diminish state-run monopolies and force companies to respond more to competition than government whims.
Reporter Daniel Pearl Is Dead, Killed by His Captors in Pakistan
Daniel Pearl, The Wall Street Journal correspondent abducted in Pakistan on Jan. 23, 2002, after embarking for what he believed was an interview with a prominent figure in the country’s Islamic movement, died at the hands of his captors. A videotape obtained by investigators in Pakistan indicated that he was killed at some point in the four weeks after the kidnapping.
Deadly Bali Bombing Expands Scope of War on Terror
A bomb blast on the Indonesian island of Bali on Oct. 12, 2002, killed 202 people—many of them foreign tourists—and put Southeast Asia on the front lines of the global fight against terrorism. The al Qaeda offshoots responsible for Indonesia’s plague of terrorist attacks in the early 2000s were mostly destroyed, but ISIS-inspired groups appear to be on the rise in Indonesia and elsewhere in Southeast Asia.
Indian Ocean Tsunami Ravages South and Southeast Asia
On Dec. 26, 2004, a 9.1-magnitude quake shook the floor of the Indian Ocean off the west coast of the Indonesian island of Sumatra, creating a tsunami that devastated coastal regions of the surrounding countries, killing an estimated 228,000 people. A year after the disaster, The Journal reported on the discouraging pace of rebuilding, despite $13 billion in aid pledged by foreign governments.
Surgeon Exposes China’s SARS Cover-Up
From November 2002 to July 2003, severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS, struck more than 8,000 people world-wide and killed 774, most of them in China and Hong Kong. Jiang Yanyong, a semiretired surgeon, exposed a cover-up in China, which led the World Health Organization to deliver a public rebuke to Beijing officials for playing down the extent of the disease.
Democracy in Thailand Takes Another Hit
In May 2014, following months of often-violent protests in Bangkok, Thailand’s military ousted Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra in a coup. The Journal explained that while the junta had partly inherited the situation after years of political conflicts—since the 2006 ouster of former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra, Ms. Yingluck’s brother—considerable roadblocks remained to restoring democracy.
The High Costs of China’s ‘Naked Capitalism’
China’s rapid economic growth since the 1980s has brought prosperity to hundreds of millions of people, but what developed sometimes resembles a sort of naked capitalism, where an unfettered pursuit of profit dominates almost all facets of life and a growing share of the population is left unprotected. The Journal was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for examining the “adverse impact of China’s booming capitalism.”
India's Surging Economy Lifts Ambitions
In 2007, The Journal looked at how an explosion of economic growth in India was allowing millions of people to embrace long-unthinkable ambitions: leading a better life than their parents and creating a better life for their children. New industries, free from the shackles of state ownership, were offering an emerging generation a far wider range of choices. But questions remain to this day about how far India’s economic overhaul will go.
China Arrives on World Stage With Olympics
The 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing was a watershed moment in China’s history. The Games were held 30 years after the country embraced market economics, unleashing an economic expansion that lifted hundreds of millions of people out of poverty and took the country in one generation from economic backwater to superpower. Chinese citizens, exhibiting unbridled optimism, embraced the belief that tomorrow will be better than today.
Terrorists Kill 166 in Mumbai Siege
On Nov. 26, 2008, 10 heavily armed Pakistani militants stormed Mumbai, attacking sites including the main railway station, two luxury hotels and a Jewish center, killing 166 people and wounding 300 others during a three-day siege. The assault aggravated already-tense relations between Pakistan and India, which has long accused Pakistan of supporting and financing terrorist attacks in India, an allegation Pakistan denies.
Sri Lanka’s Long-Running Civil War Ends
In May 2009, Sri Lankan government soldiers killed Velupillai Prabhakaran, founder of the Tamil Tigers rebel movement. His death effectively ended a 26-year civil war that had cost about 100,000 lives. Three months earlier, The Journal examined how the government struggled to craft a lasting peace.
Quake and Tsunami Trigger Nuclear Disaster in Japan
On March 11, 2011, a 9.0-magnitude quake struck northeastern Japan, triggering a tsunami, disasters that between them killed some 16,000 people, left nearly 2,600 missing and caused a nuclear-plant meltdown. The Journal visited a devastated coastal city and recounted the story of its mayor, struggling to balance his duty to his family with his duty to the town.
U.S. Forces Kill Osama bin Laden
On May 2, 2011, a U.S. Special Forces operation killed Al Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden in Pakistan. The death capped a multiyear manhunt for the mastermind of the Sept. 11, 2001, terror attacks and drastically altered U.S. foreign policy. It also opened new chapters in several global narratives that had been shaped by the attacks—including the often-tense relations between the U.S. and Pakistan.
Brutal Rape and Murder Stuns India
On Dec. 16, 2012, six men attacked and raped a 23-year-old woman and beat her 28-year-old male friend aboard a private bus in New Delhi. The woman died from her injuries 13 days later. The assault horrified the world and jolted India, touching off protest marches in the country and sparking a reconsideration of long-held attitudes about women and their rights.
Japan Rolls Dice on Reviving Economy
More than three years after Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe vowed to lift wages and profits by reversing two decades of falling prices through a program of coordinated monetary and fiscal stimulus, the economy continues to sputter, and skepticism over Abenomics is growing. Shortly after Mr. Abe took office in December 2012, The Journal examined the challenges facing the risky policy.
Former Communist Party Official Bo Xilai Sentenced to Life in Prison
In China’s most politically charged trial in more than three decades, a court in September 2013 sentenced Bo Xilai, once a powerful Communist Party official, to life in prison after finding him guilty of bribery, embezzlement and abuse of power. A year earlier, his wife, Gu Kailai, had received a suspended death sentence, later commuted to life in prison, for the murder of a British businessman.
Deadly Factory Collapse in Bangladesh Opens World’s Eyes to Shoddy Supply Chains
The collapse of a factory complex near Dhaka on April 24, 2013, which ultimately killed more than 1,100 people and injured about 3,000, exposed the substandard conditions in Bangladesh’s garment industry, an enormous exporter, to consumers around the world. Under criticism from human-rights groups, international retailers that source products from Bangladesh took steps to improve the country’s 4,000-odd factories.
Hong Kong Balks at Beijing’s Governing Ideas
Beginning in September 2014, student-organized, pro-democracy protesters in Hong Kong occupied three major sections of the city for nearly two months, bringing the global financial hub to a standstill. The dispute centered on the system for electing Hong Kong’s top leader, the chief executive. In the early days of the demonstrations, The Journal looked at one family divided along generational lines over the issue.
Malaysia Airlines’ Doomed Flight 370
Malaysia Airlines Flight 370, en route to Beijing from Kuala Lumpur on March 8, 2014, disappeared from radar two hours after takeoff. Though pieces of the Boeing 777 have been salvaged from the ocean, the loss of the plane and the 239 people aboard remains one of the world’s biggest aviation mysteries. Days after the plane went missing, The Journal reported on how several passengers spent their final hours before boarding.
Suu Kyi Wins in Historic Myanmar Vote
Five years after Aung San Suu Kyi was freed from house arrest by a military regime that had branded her a traitor, her National League for Democracy party clinched a large majority in parliament. The victory completed her transformation from an icon of democratic struggle to a political leader. Expectations now hinge on whether her party can continue to open up the country, reduce corruption and honor human rights.
1MDB: The Malaysian Scandal That Ensnared a Prime Minister
Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak has been at the center of a scandal over state investment fund 1Malaysia Development Bhd., since The Journal reported in June 2015 that hundreds of millions of dollars that originated with 1MDB flowed into his personal bank account. U.S. officials have launched one of the largest asset seizures in American history. Mr. Najib has denied wrongdoing or taking money for personal gain.
North Korea’s Relentless Nuclear Pursuit
Isolated and heavily armed, North Korea has been relentlessly pursuing its nuclear ambitions, confounding the U.S. and its allies. The country doesn’t yet have its ultimate prize—a nuclear missile—but its continuing progress on bomb and rocket technology threatens to eventually bring a new nuclear nightmare to Asia.
Xi’s Bold Plan to Remake China’s Military
Chinese President Xi Jinping is trying to transform the People’s Liberation Army, long focused on defending the country from invasion, into a smaller, modern force capable of projecting power far from China’s shores. The plan, to be implemented by 2020, is one of Mr. Xi’s most ambitious and politically risky undertakings yet. It has unnerved the U.S. and its Asian allies and could upset the global balance of power.
Xi Jinping Embraces Mao’s Radical Legacy
In May, The Journal marked the 50th anniversary of the start of China’s Cultural Revolution by noting the ways President Xi Jinping had spent his first three years in office resurrecting Mao, borrowing his rhetoric and copying his practices. While he is far from pulling China back to what it was in Mao’s time, the article sought to answer the question, What part of the legacy, exactly, is Mr. Xi claiming?
China’s Claims in South China Sea Roil Asia
If war erupts between China and the U.S., it is likely to begin in the South China Sea, where Beijing’s aggressive building of artificial islands in disputed waters has upset neighbors and escalated tensions with the U.S. An international tribunal rejected China’s claims to the area in July 2016. Beijing isn’t backing down—and neither is the U.S., which insists its military is there to stay.
如果说南海主权，中国的理由最充分。如果说谁搅乱南海，非美利坚莫属。巨舰，横行无忌。如果说谁在改变现状，菲越40年前就在干，从未停止过。域外国家，无关国家是南海成为问题的主要国家。 美国佬也知道毛思想的重要性，知道习父子都曾经在毛时代受过的待遇。
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