|
|
本帖最后由 花落无声 于 2012-1-10 16:44 编辑
【中文标题】中国对在伊朗问题上向美国屈服保持谨慎态度
【原文标题】China Wary of Giving In to U.S. on Iran
【登载媒体】华尔街日报
【来源地址】http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203436904577150331368154616.html?mod=googlenews_wsj
【译者】花落无声
【翻译方式】人工
【声明】欢迎转载，请务必注明译者和出处 bbs.m4.cn。
【原文库链接】http://bbs.m4.cn/thread-3291438-1-1.html
【译文】
U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner is likely to get a skeptical hearing in Beijing on Tuesday and Wednesday as he presses leaders to reduce purchases of Iranian oil and explains tough new U.S. sanctions rules meant to hobble Iran's financial sector.
美国财政部长Timothy Geithner可能于周二和周三在北京召开一场可疑的听证会（这句不确定>’’<），他会督促领导人减少对伊朗石油的购买，并解释美国新的强硬制裁规定意味着打击伊朗的金融部门。
Chinese officials are wary about cutting off a major source of supply, as are their counterparts in Tokyo, which Mr. Geithner will visit after Beijing. In China's case, the issue is also overlaid with nationalist politics. It doesn't want to be seen as succumbing to increased U.S. pressure to punish another nation, particularly when the latest effort was driven by the U.S. Congress, not a new United Nations agreement.
中国官员对切断一个主要的供应来源保持谨慎，东京——Geithner先生会在访问北京后访问那里——的官员也是这样。在中国的情况里，这个问题还与民族主义政治有关。中国不想被视作屈服于增加的美国压力来惩罚另一个国家，尤其是当最近的努力是由美国国会发出的而非新的联合国协定之时。
Indeed, if the European Union goes through with plans to cut off oil imports from Iran, and China were one of its few big buyers left, Beijing could find itself in a strong position to wring commercial concessions from Iran on a series of oil-industry contract disputes. The U.S. and Europe have been trying to press Iran to scrap a nuclear-weapons program; Iran says it isn't developing such weapons.
的确，如果欧盟实行中断从伊朗进口石油的计划，中国就是伊朗所剩下少有的几个大买家之一了，北京会占据要求伊朗对于一系列石油工业合同纷争上的商业让步的优势地位。美国和欧洲一直在向伊朗施压要求它停止核武器项目，伊朗说它没在发展核武器。
"To the U.S., the Chinese will be passive-aggressive," says Patrick Chovanec, a business professor at Beijing's Tsinghua University. "They won't tell the U.S. they're not going along, but implicitly it will be 'You don't tell us what to do.' "
“对美国来说，中国人会是消极攻击的。”北京清华大学商业教授Patrick Chovanec说。“他们不会告诉美国他们不支持，但会含蓄表示‘你别想告诉我们该怎么做。’”
Vice Foreign Minister Cui Tiankai bluntly dismissed the new U.S. sanctions effort. "These issues cannot be resolved through sanctions," he said at a media briefing on Monday. "Negotiations are also needed to solve the issue."
外交部副部长崔天凯直接拒绝了美国新的制裁的努力。“这些问题不能通过制裁解决。”他在周一的一场新闻发布会上说。“解决这个问题还需要谈判。”
President Barack Obama recently signed into law a measure he initially opposed that would bar from U.S. financial markets foreign financial institutions that do business with Iran's central bank, which plays a critical role in facilitating trade with Iran. One way for a nation to get an exemption is to show a "significant reduction" in Iranian oil imports. The law would increase pressure on Chinese financial institutions that finance Chinese business deals in Iran.
巴拉克•奥巴马总统最近签署生效了一项他最初反对的措施，这项措施会禁止和伊朗中央银行有生意往来的外国金融机构进入美国金融市场，这些机构在促进与伊朗的贸易方面扮演着重要角色。一个国家能够得到豁免的一种方法是展示出对伊朗石油进口的“明显减少”。这条法案会向提供资金给和伊朗有生意往来的中国企业的中国金融机构施加更大压力。
The administration says it won changes in the legislation before it became law to give it more flexibility. "We encourage everyone that trades with Iran to significantly reduce their oil imports," said a Treasury official.
行政机构说它在成为法律之前改变了立法，这给了它更大的灵活性。“我们鼓励每个和伊朗有贸易的国家大幅减少石油进口。”一名财政部官员说。
U.S. officials say China has been abiding by the requirements of U.N.-approved sanctions, but they have been trying to encourage Beijing to go further by—among other things—instructing Chinese banks not to deal with any Iranian counterparts engaged in the country's weapons program.
美国官员说中国一直遵守联合国通过的制裁的要求，但他们一直尝试鼓励北京走得更远——此外——指导中国的银行不要和任何牵涉到伊朗武器项目的伊朗同行做生意。
Even before the new law, Washington believed that China's largest banks were becoming increasingly cooperative with U.S. sanctions efforts. But Washington is still concerned that Iran is seeking new "access points" to international finance through smaller banks in Hong Kong and mainland China.
即使在这一新法律之前，华盛顿相信中国最大的银行一直在逐渐配合美国的制裁努力。但华盛顿仍然担心伊朗会通过香港和中国大陆的一些小型银行找寻国际金融方面的新的“接入点”。
In September, David Cohen, the undersecretary for terrorism and financial intelligence, visited China and Hong Kong to persuade local officials and bankers to help strengthen the sanctions against Iran and North Korea. Since then other U.S. officials have had discussions on sanctions with Chinese oil companies and Chinese government agencies.
恐怖主义及金融情报次长David Cohen于九月访问中国和香港，试图说服当地官员和银行家帮助增强对伊朗和朝鲜的制裁。从那时起，其他美国官员就和中国石油公司和中国政府部门就制裁有过讨论。
In 2011 through Nov. 30, China's oil imports from Iran rose roughly 30% from the year-ago period. China imports about 11% of its crude oil from Iran, making Iran its No. 3 supplier after Saudi Arabia and Angola.
2011年至11月30日，中国从伊朗进口的石油比上一年同期增长了大约30%。中国大约11%的原油从伊朗进口，使伊朗继沙特阿拉伯和安哥拉之后成为第三个供应国。
Since December, though, exports have begun to fall compared to a year earlier. Industry analysts doubt that's the result of U.S. pressure. Rather, negotiations between China United Petroleum & Chemicals Co, known as Unipec, and the National Iranian Oil Co., over commercial issues have dragged on longer than expected, they say.
然而，从十二月开始，相对于上一年出口开始下滑。工业分析家怀疑这是美国压力的结果。当然，中国联合石化（被称为Unipec）和伊朗国家石油公司对于商业问题的协商也比预计的拖延了更长时间，他们说。
But U.S. pressure may have played a role in China slowing down the pace of investment in oil and gas projects. Chinese oil firms are concerned about being hit by U.S. sanctions, say energy executives in Beijing. Even so, the more isolated Iran becomes economically, the more leverage Beijing may have in its various disputes with Iran. In 2010, China was Iran's largest oil import market, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, with Japan No. 2.
但美国的压力也许在中国减缓石油和天然气项目方面的投资中起了作用。在北京的能源主管说，中国石油公司担心被美国制裁影响。即使这样，伊朗越是在经济上被孤立，北京在和伊朗的各种争执中越会有影响力。根据美国能源信息管理局，2010年中国是伊朗最大的石油进口市场，第2名是日本。
China is caught between its extensive commercial relations with Iran and its need to keep strong ties to the U.S. economy, said Pang Zhongying, director of Nankai University's Institute of Global Studies. "China has no choice but to prepare for the worst and try to avoid Chinese losses" in the U.S.-Iran showdown, he said.
南开大学全球研究机构主管Pang Zhongying说，中国在它和伊朗广泛的商业关系和它对和美国经济保持紧密联系的需要中间左右为难。在美伊摊牌之时，“中国别无选择，只能做好最坏打算，并试图避免损失”，他说。
Appearing to give in to the U.S. would play poorly at home for Chinese officials. "It will only take a few years before China is faced with zero oil," said a posting on an online forum of People's Daily, the Communist Party's newspaper. "By that time, the U.S. and EU will be strangling us."
看上去向美国屈服对中国官员来说不会很好。（这句不确定）“中国只需要几年就完全没有石油了。” 党报《人民日报》在线论坛的一张帖子说。“那个时候，美国和欧盟就要把我们勒死了。”
Mr. Geithner's visit will mark a rare opportunity to discuss the issue with the two men who are expected to spearhead the new leadership of the Communist Party following a once-a-decade power transition beginning later this year.
Geithner先生的访问标志着一个难得的和两个有望在今年末期十年一度的权力转移后接手共产党领导岗位的人讨论这个问题的机会。
On Wednesday, he is expected to meet Vice President Xi Jinping, the man due to take over as party chief in October or November this year, as well as Vice Premier Li Keqiang, who is widely expected to become premier after the leadership change.
周三，他会和副主席习近平见面，这个人应该在今年十月或十一月接任党派领袖，同时见面的还有副总理李克强，很多人预计他在领导变化后会成为总理。
U.S. officials are keen to gain to as much access as possible this year to the two men, about whom little is known outside the party elite. Mr Geithner's visit will also allow both sides to discuss preparations for Mr Xi's expected visit to the U.S. later this year, probably in February.
美国官员渴望在今年获得尽可能多的接触这两人的机会，除党内精英之外人们对他们的了解很少。Geithner先生的访问会使双方能够讨论对今年（也许在二月）习先生预计的美国访问的准备。 |
评分
-
1
查看全部评分
-
|
狗仔卡
发表于 2012-1-10 16:42
提升卡
变色卡
抢沙发
千斤顶
显身卡