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本帖最后由 godstear4u 于 2011-9-15 10:38 编辑
【中文标题】台湾在风起云涌的南海以环境议题争取话语空间
【原文标题】Taiwan makes environmental push in disputed South China Sea
【登载媒体】基督教科学箴言报
【来源地址】http://www.csmonitor.com/World/A ... ted-South-China-Sea
【译 者】godstear4u
【翻译方式】人工
【声 明】本翻译供Anti-CNN使用，未经AC或译者许可，不得转载。
【译 文】
Eager not to be forgotten as a claimant in the South China Sea, as it was in July when China and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations agreed to confidence-building guidelines, Taiwan plans to set up an ocean research center and share its findings with others.
作为一个利益争议方台湾渴望在南海之争中不被遗忘，就在7月中国和东盟达成南海各方行为宣言时台湾计划与外方进行合作建立南海研究中心共享发现成果.
Taiwan’s government, a claimant to the disputed South China Sea but unable to make noise diplomatically as China squelches its international profile, is trying a new approach to draw attention to and ease tension over the resource-rich region: environmental preservation.
台湾政府，作为风起云涌的南中国海的利益参与者，在中国在国际外交上对其进行打压时却无法发出自己的声音，所以现在他正试着以一种新的手段——环境保护，以吸引外界注意并缓和这片资源丰富区域的紧张局势.
The Marine National Park Headquarters in the southern city of Kaohsiung, Taiwan’s jumping-off point for the South China Sea, plans to set up an ocean research center on a coral atoll under its control in the disputed region and share findings with other interested governments.
总部在南部城市高雄的国家海洋公园位于南海边界地带，正计划与其他有兴趣参与的国家一起在南海争议区域控制的一个珊瑚礁建立一个海洋研究中心，并与之分享发现成果。
Officials in Taiwan will then invite other claimants to share in future research, which they say may show that the fisheries they’re fighting over have been depleted. The government may eventually let tourists visit the 1.74 square-kilometer Dongsha atoll now populated by 200 Coast Guard patrolmen, tropical fish, and the occasional sea turtle.
台湾官员之后将邀请其他争议方一起参与将来的研究，这一表态可能说明他们争夺的渔场资源已经被耗尽。政府最终可能还将允许旅客访问现被200名海岸巡逻警卫热带鱼和几只海龟驻守的占地1.74平方公里的东沙群岛。
Taiwan can hardly assert itself in the region as other South China Sea disputants have done, using harsh diplomatic language and naval clashes. So the environmental push means staying in the fight – without fighting.
台湾在其他南海争议国使用严厉外交言辞和爆发海上冲突以后几乎已经无法插足，所以环保倡议意味着可以使它继续留在战场上却不与人实际冲突。
Taiwan's tenuous relationship with China, another claimant of the disputed sea, blocks it from negotiating with other governments through the usual diplomatic channels. But environmental research covering the entire disputed area could turn favorable attention to Taiwan while not getting it in any trouble. Other governments would be reminded at the same time that Taiwan is sticking to its claim.
台湾与南海另一争议方中国的脆弱关系使得它无法与其他政府建立惯常外交谈判渠道。但是覆盖整片争议区的环镜研究可以帮助台湾吸引注意却不惹上任何麻烦。其他国家也将知道台湾一直在坚持其主张。
“Environmental protection is the least sensitive issue, and it’s nonaggressive if you talk about national parks or inviting the tourism industry, so it will be easily accepted not only by the People's Republic of China but also other neighboring countries,” said Nathan Liu, associate international affairs professor at Ming Chuan University in Taiwan.
台湾铭传大学国际问题副教授廖俊贤（Nathan Liu）说，环保是最不敏感的议题，建立国家公园或者发展旅游工业并不具有攻击型，所以不但被中国也被其他邻国所轻易接受。
Taiwan and China cite the same reason for their claims to the sea area, which encompasses 250 barely populated islets, a network of shipping lanes, and possible undersea reserves of oil and natural gas.
台湾和中国对南海问题，包括200个无人岛、海洋航线网络以及海底的石油资源和天然气有着相同的主张。
The Republic of China, Taiwan’s legal name, and its 1940s civil war adversary the People’s Republic of China both argue that the Chinese Navy was active in the sea during the Han and Ming dynasties. China, meanwhile, claims not only the 3.5 million square-kilometer ocean area but also Taiwan itself, and uses its might to forbid countries elsewhere in Asia from formal dialogue with officials in Taipei.
法定名称为中华民国的台湾和赢得上世纪40年代内战的中华人民共和国都提出早在汉朝和明朝的时候中国海军已经在南海活跃了。同时中国宣称出350万平方公里南海领海外台湾本身也属于中国，并使用其力量禁止亚洲其他国家鱼台北官方进行外交对话。
But since 2008, Taiwanese officials have sought to get along better with China after six decades of hostilities, another reason for their soft approach to the sea dispute.
但自从2008年后，台湾官方一直试图结束60多年的敌对与中国缓和关系，这也是其对南海争议采取温和态度的另一个原因。
Yet self-ruled Taiwan does not want to be forgotten by the more aggressive claimants, as it was in July, when China and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations agreed to South China Sea confidence-building guidelines. China, Brunei, Malaysia, Vietnam, and the Philippines also claim all or parts of the South China Sea, including the Spratly and Paracel archipelagos and Taiwan’s ecological research zone.
在七月中国和东盟达成南海各方行为宣言的时候，自治的台湾仍然不愿被其他具有攻击性的南海争议方所遗忘。中国文莱马来西亚越南菲律宾都对南海全部或部分区域提出领土主张，包括南沙和西沙群岛以及台湾的生态研究区域。
“Ecological protection is a duty that the whole world respects,” says Coast Guard Deputy Minister Cheng Chang-hsiung. “In the face of disputes of course we hope to use soft power to express ourselves and let other countries understand our friendly intent. We hope to settle disputes peacefully and don’t want armed conflict.”
海岸警卫部副部长程长雄说：“生态保护是全世界的责任。面对争议我们当然希望使用温和手段来表达自己诉求并让其他国家理解我们的友好意图。我们希望和平解决争议避免武装冲突。”为控制这片海域导致1974年至1988年爆发过海上冲突。台湾的海湾警卫队并未卷入，但偶尔会驱赶靠近群岛的外国渔船
Naval clashes over control of the sea resulted in fatalities in 1974 and 1988. Taiwan’s Coast Guard wasn’t involved, but it occasionally chases off foreign fishing boats that come near the atoll.
为控制这片海域导致1974年至1988年爆发过海上冲突。台湾的海湾警卫队并未卷入，但偶尔会驱赶靠近群岛的外国渔船。
Taiwan also occupies the largest Spratly isle, and Taiwan President Ma Ying-jeou may travel to inspect it as early as this week, according to local media reports.
台湾占据着最大的太平岛，根据当地媒体报道台湾总统马英九最早可能将于本周前往视察
Other governments keen to understand the South China Sea may want to know through Taiwan’s research on the atoll that climate change has blanched the region’s coral, trash generated on land floats across the sea, and some marine species are growing scarce due to overfishing, Lin says.
林说，其他国家也希望通过台湾解决岛上气候变化问题来研究了解南海，这些气候变化问题导致珊瑚礁变白、海上漂浮垃圾，以及过度捕鱼导致海洋物种减少等。
So far, no other government has reacted publicly to Taiwan’s gambit, but none has fought it. Local officials expect a bigger splash when tourists, not just the occasional research team with special permission, start landing on the pincer-shaped atoll that was designated a national park in 2007.
目前，还没有其他国家政府对台湾的说法公开回应，但也没有其他国家反对。当地官员期待向更多旅客而不仅仅是有特别许可的研究队推介这个在2007年建立了国家公园的钳子状珊瑚岛。
The Coast Guard has begun to raise awareness of Dongsha by taking university students there during summer break. In August it took more than 40 students on two overnight trips and plans to extend the program next summer.
海岸警卫队已经开始有意识地在暑假时带大学学生来岛。8月已经带了40多个学生进行两天两夜的参观，并计划明年暑假扩展这个项目。
But further tourist development could hamper Taiwan’s preservation goal, some fear. The flat atoll, dominated by a grassy lagoon, supports a desalination plant to supply the Coast Guard with fresh water and an airport to handle weekly flights for government employees or researchers. There's no hotel or convenience store.
然而有人担心更长远的旅游业发展可能与台湾的保守立场不符。长满了脱盐植物的草地泄湖占了这个平坦岛屿的大部分面积，这使得海岸警卫队能够得到淡水供应，并且建立机场供政府雇员和研究者每周航班使用。不过这里没有旅馆和便利店。
Ferry trips from Kaohsiung to the atoll – 460 kilometers away – take at least half a day and may cost more than the average traveler wants to pay, the park service says.
公园服务处说渡船从高雄到这座岛460千米的旅程至少要半天，一般旅客会觉得太长了。
"Once it has been open just five years, the natural environment will collapse, so the government needs to emphasize conservation," says Huang Chih-chen, a National Kaohsiung Marine University ocean leisure management major who was invited to see the atoll last month.
上月被邀请登岛参观的高雄国家海洋大学海洋休闲主管黄志晨说：“这种旅游项目只要开展五年自然环境就会崩溃，所以政府需要重视保护。”
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发表于 2011-9-14 20:58
