本帖最后由 小明啊 于 2011-10-3 17:19 编辑
【中文标题】发展中的台湾遇见新的挑战
【原文标题】Changing Taiwan faces new challenges
【登载媒体】BBC网站
【来源地址】http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-radio-and-tv-15064520
【译者】小明啊
【翻译方式】人工
【声明】本翻译供Anti-CNN使用，未经AC或译者许可，不得转载。
Taiwan is an island of 23 million people facing many challenges, from economic transformation to its very national identity.
A young democracy, it yearns to be a nation, but is not recognised as one by most of the world. Powerful China still claims it as its province and wants the island state to be reunified with the mainland.
Following decades of political uncertainty, including a period of martial law ending only in 1987 and tensions with China, it's now in the midst of more changes.
Eight years of rule by a government which had tried to push for formal independence ended in 2008; voters realised that hadn't got them anywhere. Since then a government friendlier towards China has been elected, and relations with Beijing have improved; they are now the warmest they've been in 60 years.
台湾，这个有着2300万居民的岛，现在正面临着很多的挑战，从经济转型的问题到地区身份的问题。
这个年轻的地区，期待成为一个独立的国家，但这并不为世界上的大部分国家所接受。中国宣称这是他们的一个省份，并且希望两岸得到统一。
在长达数十年的政治动乱中，直到1987年才结束戒严，以及与中国的紧张关系，现在的台湾还是处在一系列的挑战之中。
2008年，坚持了八年台独的政府结束了统治；选民们意识到他们什么都没有得到。在这之后，新的执政者实行对华友好战略，与北京方面的关系大大改善；现在是最近这60年中大陆与台湾关系最温馨的时刻。
Quest for nationhood
国家地位问题
But many worry the increasingly close ties with its giant neighbour - also its biggest trade partner and export market - will eventually hurt Taiwan's independence, sovereignty and identity.
"We want good relations with China, but we don't want to be a part of China. The United States and other countries have been able to achieve nationhood, why can't we?" asked Taipei resident Sherry Huang, reflecting the views of many Taiwanese people.
面对与之联系日益密切的他们强大的邻居——同样也是他们最大的贸易伙伴和外销市场。台湾感到忧心重重，因为中国最终会伤害到他们的主权独立和国家身份。
“我们想同中国保持良好的关系，但是我们并不想成为中国的一部分，美国和其他国家都可以成为一个主权独立的国家，为什么我们不能呢？台北的原住民黄雪丽说，这也代表了台湾大部分居民的态度。
They see the island as a country and are irked when customs officers confuse their Republic of China passports for those of the People's Republic of China.
They get even more upset when Taiwan is grouped as a part of China in global gatherings, such as film festivals. At international sports events, including the Olympics, Taiwan is only allowed to use the title Chinese Taipei.
But with a landmark free trade deal signed with China last year, Chinese tourists now comprising the biggest group of tourists here, and expected further easing of trade and investment restrictions between the two sides, there are fears that it could be only a matter of time before Taiwan finds it difficult to fend off Chinese pressures to reunify.
The challenge for Taiwan is to not only continue to assert its place on the international stage and push for inclusion in world bodies, such as the World Health Organization, but also to open up trade links with other countries.
作为台湾岛民，他们很厌倦的一件事就是海关人员经常会把中华民国护照与中国人民共和国护照搞混。而他们感到更为不安的是，当台湾作为中国的一部分出席全球性聚会的时候，比如电影节，国际体育竞赛（包括奥运会），台湾只能被允许使用中国台北的名头。但是在去年与中国签署了一个具有里程碑式意义的自由贸易协议后，中国大批的旅行团涌入台湾，占去了台湾旅游业的大部分份额。而两岸的贸易和投资限制也得到了进一步的缓解，现在的台湾看起来很难抵抗两岸统一的压力，这可能只是一个时间问题罢了。
台湾现在的挑战不仅仅是继续维护其在世界舞台上的地位和推动加入类似于世界卫生组织这样的全球性组织，更要打开与世界其他国家的贸易联系。
Taiwan is famous for its rapid economic growth or the 'Taiwan Miracle'. Despite a sudden influx of some two million people from mainland China towards the end of the Chinese Civil War in the late 1940s, it managed to transform itself from an agricultural economy in the 1950s and 60s to a manufacturer of basic consumer goods and electronics in the 1970s and 80s. Now it is a high-tech powerhouse, making most of the world's laptops and many of its smartphones and other gadgets.
台湾以其快速的经济增长（或称之为台湾奇迹）而著名，在上世纪四十年代后期，中国内战结束的时候，有二百万人从中国大陆涌向台湾，它成功的将自己由一个农业经济社会（1950到1960 年间）转变变为一个基础消费品和电子商品的生产地（1970到1980 ））。现在的台湾是一个高科技强国，生产着世界上大部分的笔记本电脑和智能手机以及其他的设备。
But many believe it must now undergo another transformation - one that will help it go from mostly producing products for other countries to developing more of its own brands and adding value to its economy.
Profit margins for Taiwan's high-tech industry - which make up 75% of its economy - have continued to decrease over the years as competition increases, prices slide and wages in its manufacturing base, China, go up.
To stay competitive and build more well-known brands (on top of smartphone maker HTC or computer producer ACer and Asus), Taiwan needs to create a knowledge-based economy, according to President Ma Ying-jeou.
His administration is also trying to diversify the economy and has identified six major industries to develop, including biotech and green energy.
许多人认为台湾必须接受另一次转型——发展自己的自有品牌，增加经济附加值，而不是再做其他国家的生产基地。
台湾高科技产业的利润——占其总经济收入的75%——但这在近年来随着竞争的激烈在持续减少中。商品单价下降，而他们的主要基础元件生产地，中国，其劳动力工资在上涨。
为了保持其竞争力水平，，创建更多的知名品牌（高级智能手机生产商HTC或者是华硕，宏基等电脑生产商），根据其总统马英九所说，台湾需要要建立起一个知识经济时代。
他所领导的政府也在试图增加经济产业的多样化和确定包括生物科技和绿色能源等六大产业的发展
Some fear free trade with China paves the way for reunification 有人担心贸易自由会为两岸统一铺平道路。
But to once again reinvent itself, Taiwan needs to have innovative and creative people, according to government officials and experts.
This will require changes in the education system and the mentality of the country, which traditionally favours respecting the older generation's decisions and playing it safe, says Jimmy Chen. He's the CEO of Genie Capital, one of a growing number of Taiwanese internet start-ups willing to take risks and break out of the mould.
"Take the next step, take the leap of faith. Think about what you want to do and just go do it, as opposed to just following the path," says Mr Chen. "You'll see more HTCs, you'll see more people wanting to do great products, not just working on other people's products. Yes, sure you'll always get money upfront, you have a good cash flow [making clients' products], but you're living someone else's dream. You're helping other people's dream to become a reality and not your own. To me, nothing brings more satisfaction than to create a product that's your own."
要进行新的改造的话，台湾需要更多的创新和创造型的人才，很多政府官员和专家抱此观念。
而这需要转变其教育体系和过于尊重老一辈决策，安全稳定第一的国家心态，精灵资本的CEO陈吉米说。越来越多的台湾新晋网络公司甘愿冒险以摆脱发展固定模式。
“下一步是坚定信心，一旦你决定去做某事，那就尽管去干，不要跟着大路走，”陈吉米说，“你可以看到更多的HTC们，更多人希望去成就伟大的作品，而不是单单生产别人的产品。是的，为别人生产产品，先期你就会得到资金，你就有一个良好的现金流，但是你是为别人的梦而活，你帮助别人成就梦想，而不是为你自己。对我来说，没有什么能够比创建一个自己的事业更感到满足。”
突然有些事来不及翻译最后一段了，希望有人续一下，或者等我回来继续，
Wealth gap
贫富差距
At the same time, Taiwan's society is also changing.
It is facing the worst wealth gap in history. Wage rises have not matched company profits and low-skilled workers have been left behind during decades of growth. Even many in the middle class can't afford to buy a home or have children, contributing factors that have led to the island state having the lowest fertility rate in the world.
Traditional expectations of women are also leading many to delay marriage or not get married so they can pursue their career or desired lifestyle. This has also contributed to the low birth rate and aging society, which the government considers a national security crisis that could hurt Taiwan's productivity and competitiveness.
与此同时，台湾的社会也在悄然改变。它正面临着历史上最大的贫富差距拉大现象，
A new wave of immigrants, meanwhile, is flowing into Taiwan and is changing the country's social fabric. About one in 10 children are now born to an immigrant parent, usually a mother from mainland China or Southeast Asia.
Taiwan needs to design more of its own products like HTC phones, experts say
Taiwanese society, more used to outward immigration than inward immigration, except for the big influx after the war, used to look down on these Chinese and south-east Asian wives. They were expected to quickly assimilate, with little value placed on the cultures they brought with them.
But as more immigrants come here, this is changing.
"Immigrants and Taiwan will influence each other," said Chang Hsiu-lin, who came from China. "Many of us who came from the mainland or Southeast Asia have very deep impressions about (Taiwan's democracy, fair society) - it makes us feel that we are a person, we are respected. Even if you're a high-ranking official, your status and my status are equal under the law."
Government and community programs are not only helping immigrants learn about Taiwan, but Taiwanese people understand immigrants as well.
"When Taiwanese people understand the immigrants more, they will broaden their perspectives in the way they look at the world," Ms Chang says.
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发表于 2011-10-3 17:19
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