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本帖最后由 weater76 于 2011-10-27 13:09 编辑
【中文标题】社交网络在中国噤声
【原文标题】China fights to silence the social network
【登载媒体】每日电讯报
【来源地址】http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/8851585/China-fights-to-silence-the-social-network.html
【译 者】 WilliamRUC
【翻译方式】 人工
【声 明】 欢迎转载，请务必注明译者和出处 bbs.m4.cn。
【译 文】
China's Communist Party has set out to curtail social networking following years of unfettered growth after its top committee issued an edict launching a new drive to control open messaging.
Websites such as Sina Weibo, a Chinese version of Twitter, have been allowed to grow explosively, with some 400 million Chinese now posting opinions and sharing information.
The Central Committee of the Communist Party, a 300-strong body of party, state and army leaders, has signalled its alarm that there is no equivalent to the Great Firewall that marshals the internet. It promised yesterday to "strengthen the guidance and administration of social internet services and instant communications tools" to ensure "orderly dissemination of information".
Anyone spreading "false rumours" was threatened with stern punishment.
自中共中央出台一项控制信息开放的新政策后，共产党就着手对多年来任意发展的社交网络予以限制。
类似中国版推特——新浪微博这样的网站，之前被允许爆炸性地发展，目前大概有四亿中国用户在此发布观点和分享信息。
共产党中央委员会由300名党政军领导人构成，它发出的信号表明对互联网的监管没有比“防火长城（GFW）”更为有效的了。昨天它提出“加强对社交网络和即时通信工具等的引导和管理”，以确保“规范网上信息传播秩序”。
任何散播“谣言”的人都将面临严肃的惩罚。
Chinese censors have struggled to keep pace with the websites. As quickly as they delete individual messages, they find that they have already been spread by hundreds, or thousands, of others. "It has been said that China maintains strict control over the internet, but it is actually quite difficult," admitted Liu Yunshan, the head of the propaganda department, in September. "China is faced with an internet management crisis."
Two events appear to have convinced China's leaders that the websites cannot be allowed to continue unchecked.
The government was deeply alarmed by the way the internet was used to galvanise protests across the Middle East, and detained hundreds of activists in the wake of the Arab Spring movement. It is also jittery about the "Occupy" movement that has been sweeping the West.
中国的检查员正努力跟上互联网的步伐。当他们以最快速度删除个别信息时，常常发现它们已被千百人传播开来。“尽管有中国严格控制互联网的说法，实际上这很困难”，中宣部部长刘云山在九月承认，“中国面临网络管理的危机”。
有两起事件似乎提醒了中国领导人们网络缺乏检查的状况不能继续下去了。
中东抗议的信息通过网络广泛传播的状况给政府敲响了警钟，因此拘留了数百名在阿拉伯之春运动中觉醒的活动家。席卷西方的“占领”运动也使政府感到风声鹤唳。
Already a number of people have been put under what China calls "administrative detention", usually 15 days under arrest. One was accused of writing a fake report about changes to the income tax system. A student was jailed for claiming that cancer had killed eight village officials in Yunnan. A third was detained for writing that a Chinese jet had crashed.
Sites such as Sina Weibo, which was launched in August, 2009, just after China banned Twitter, have quickly become part of the mainstream.
The Communist Party was also unnerved by the sudden amplification of public anger over the internet following a bullet train crash in Wenzhou in which 40 people died. More than 10 million people left comments on Sina Weibo, many of them openly criticising the government's handling of the disaster.
好多人被处以在中国称为“行政拘留”的处罚，通常就是逮捕15天以内。其中有一位因为发布征税系统改革的假消息而被起诉。一名学生因宣称癌症导致云南九名村官去世而蹲牢房。还有一个人因为写中国有架飞机坠落而被拘留。
2009年8月，就在中国禁用推特之后，类似新浪微博这样的站点迅速成长。
自从导致四十名乘客死亡的温州动车事故发生后，通过互联网猛然爆发的公众愤怒也让共产党感到不安。超过一千万的人在新浪微博上留言，许多公开批评政府处理这里灾难事故的方法。
In response to government pressure, Sina has hired 1,000 staff to monitor the flow of messages through its servers.
It has also suspended the accounts of anyone posting controversial content.
Experts said the government was unsure how best to enforce its control. "It is unclear how to strengthen the censorship on Weibo," said Zhan Jiang, a former professor of international news and communications at Beijing's Foreign Languages university.
出于政府压力，新浪雇佣了上千员工通过服务器监控信息流。
它还停用了发布有争议内容的账号。
专家认为政府还没想好如何更好地加强自己的力量。“目前并不清楚如何加强对微博的管控”，北京外国语大学教授展江表示。
He said one proposal to force users to reveal their real names would lead to a "tremendous drop in users" and that the "majority of the government" believes there are "more benefits than drawbacks" to having websites like Weibo. "On the technical side, it is difficult to censor Weibo," said Yin Hong, a professor at Tsinghua's Journalism and Communications school. "It is easy to block a link to a website, but it is difficult to scan all the messages for a certain Chinese character and weed it out."
He added that the central government found Weibo a valuable way of gauging public opinion.
"Until now, Beijing has only heard what people think from the reports of local governments. Now they can tap into the opinion of the grass roots," he said. "It allows the leaders to know what people are thinking and talking about."
展江认为推行用户实名制会导致“用户数量的大幅度下滑”，而且“政府中大部分人”相信微博的“好处大于坏处”。“从技术角度看，很难完全监控微博”，清华大学新闻与传播学院教授尹鸿说，“阻止对一个特定网站的访问很简单，但是在所有信息中搜索一个特定的字并删除却很困难。”
他补充道，中央政府发现微博也是衡量民意的有价值途径。
“之前北京只能从地方政府那儿听到人们的想法，现在就可以直接接触草根的观点了”，他说，“微博让领导们拥有了解民众想法和舆论的机会”。
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狗仔卡
发表于 2011-10-27 13:08
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发表于 2011-10-27 13:30
