【彭博社商业周刊111027】美国卫星遭黑客袭击，中国军方成怀疑对象

weater76

【中文标题】美国卫星遭黑客袭击，中国军方成怀疑对象

【原文标题】Chinese Military Suspected in Hacker Attacks on U.S. Satellites

【登载媒体】彭博社《商业周刊》

【来源地址】http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-10-27/chinese-military-suspected-in-hacker-attacks-on-u-s-satellites.html

【译    者】 WilliamRUC

【翻译方式】   人工

【声    明】 欢迎转载，请务必注明译者和出处 bbs.m4.cn。

【译    文】
Oct. 27 (Bloomberg) -- Computer hackers, possibly from the Chinese military, interfered with two U.S. government satellites four times in 2007 and 2008 through a ground station in Norway, according to a congressional commission.
The intrusions on the satellites, used for earth climate and terrain observation, underscore the potential danger posed by hackers, according to excerpts from the final draft of the annual report by the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission. The report is scheduled to be released next month.
“Such interference poses numerous potential threats, particularly if achieved against satellites with more sensitive functions,” according to the draft. “Access to a satellite‘s controls could allow an attacker to damage or destroy the satellite. An attacker could also deny or degrade as well as forge or otherwise manipulate the satellite’s transmission.”
A Landsat-7 earth observation satellite system experienced 12 or more minutes of interference in October 2007 and July 2008, according to the report.
Hackers interfered with a Terra AM-1 earth observation satellite twice, for two minutes in June 2008 and nine minutes in October that year, the draft says, citing a closed-door U.S. Air Force briefing.
The draft report doesn’t elaborate on the nature of the hackers’ interference with the satellites.
（彭博社10月27日电）据国会的一个委员会声称，2007年至2008年期间，通过位于挪威的地面站，可能是来自中国军队的计算机黑客四次对两颗美国政府拥有的卫星发起攻击。
　　据中美经济与安全监察委员会年度专家报告的最后一份草案显示，用于气候监测和地形探测的卫星遭到黑客入侵后的潜在危险。这份报道计划于下个月公开。
　　“类似干预带来了许多潜在威胁，尤其在获得了卫星的更多敏感功能后”，据草案报告，“掌握卫星的控制权后，袭击者可以损坏乃至摧毁卫星。一个黑客甚至可以用伪造的方式切断或阻碍卫星的传输能力。”
　　报告显示，一颗陆地-7号遥感卫星在2007年10月和2008年7月间经历了12分钟或更多的干预。
　　黑客两次干预战士AM-1号遥感卫星，其中的2分钟在2008年6月，9分钟在第二年的10月，草案引用美国空军的保密简报说。

Chinese Military Writings
中国军队的杰作
U.S. military and intelligence agencies use satellites to communicate, collect intelligence and conduct reconnaissance. The draft doesn’t accuse the Chinese government of conducting or sponsoring the four attacks. It says the breaches are consistent with Chinese military writings that advocate disabling an enemy’s space systems, and particularly “ground-based infrastructure, such as satellite control facilities.”
U.S. authorities for years have accused the Chinese government of orchestrating cyber attacks against adversaries and hacking into foreign computer networks to steal military and commercial secrets. Assigning definitive blame is difficult, the draft says, because the perpetrators obscure their involvement.
The commission’s 2009 report said that “individuals participating in ongoing penetrations of U.S. networks have Chinese language skills and have well established ties with the Chinese underground hacker community,” although it acknowledges that “these relationships do not prove any government affiliation.”
　　美国军方和智库利用卫星传输情报和开展侦查。上述草案并没有指责中国政府主导或推动了四次袭击。它只是说明黑客袭击恰恰与中国军方积极打击地方太空力量的口号一致。中国军方对“地面基础设施，比方说是卫星控制机构”特别感兴趣。
　　多年来，美国当局不停地指责中国政府策划对敌黑客袭击，侵入外国计算机网络来窃取军事和商业机密。上述草案说明，取得明确的证据相当困难，因为肇事者善于掩盖攻击行为。
　　中美经济与安全监察委员会在2009年的报告中声称：“入侵美国网络的人们能够使用中文，与中国的地下黑客社团存在联系”，不过它清楚“这些联系并不能证明任何政府因素”。

Chinese Denials
中国否认
China this year “conducted and supported a range of malicious cyber activities,” this year’s draft reports. It says that evidence emerging this year tied the Chinese military to a decade-old cyber attack on a U.S.-based website of the Falun Gong spiritual group.
Chinese officials long have denied any role in computer attacks.
The commission has “been collecting unproved stories to serve its purpose of vilifying China’s international image over the years,” said Wang Baodong, a spokesman for the Chinese Embassy in Washington, in a statement. China “never does anything that endangers other countries’ security interests.”
The Chinese government is working with other countries to clamp down on cyber crime, Wang said.
Defense Department reports of malicious cyber activity, including incidents in which the Chinese weren’t the main suspect, rose to a high of 71,661 in 2009 from 3,651 in 2001, according to the draft. This year, attacks are expected to reach 55,110, compared with 55,812 in 2010.
　　今年中国“组织和支持了一系列网络恶意活动”，今年的报告草案显示。它在中间提到十年前对在美法轮功网站的袭击，今年收集到的新证据显示其与中国军方有联系。
　　中国官方长期否认在黑客袭击中扮演任何角色。
委员会“多年来收集未经证实的谣言在满足丑化中国国际形象的需要”， 中国驻美大使馆发言人王保东在一份声明中说，中国“从来不会损害任何国家的安全利益”。
　　王保东还说，中国政府正与其他国家合作打击网络犯罪。
　　国防部的报告显示，恶意网络活动数量从2001年的3651件上升到2009年的71661件，其中包括中国并非主要怀疑对象的。相比2010年的55812件，今年预计能够达到55110件。

Relying on the Internet
互联网依赖
In the October 2008 incident with the Terra AM-1, which is managed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, “the responsible party achieved all steps required to command the satellite,” although the hackers never exercised that control, according to the draft.
The U.S. discovered the 2007 cyber attack on the Landsat-7, which is jointly managed by NASA and the U.S. Geological Survey, only after tracking the 2008 breach.
The Landsat-7 and Terra AM-1 satellites utilize the commercially operated Svalbard Satellite Station in Spitsbergen, Norway that “routinely relies on the Internet for data access and file transfers,” says the commission, quoting a NASA report.
The hackers may have used that Internet connection to get into the ground station’s information systems, according to the draft.
While the perpetrators of the satellite breaches aren’t known for sure, other evidence uncovered this year showed the Chinese government’s involvement in another cyber attack, according to the draft.
　　由美国宇航局管理的战士AM-1号在2008年10月的事件中，“黑客获取了指挥卫星的每一步权限”，据草案显示。
就在发现2008事件之后，美国发现了2007年陆地-7号的被入侵活动，该卫星由美国宇航局和联邦地质调查局共同管理。
　　两颗卫星在挪威斯匹次卑尔根群岛由商业运营的机构实现地面控制，委员会引用美国航天局的报告称：“通常依赖互联网传输数据”。

TV Report
电视报道
A brief July segment on China Central Television 7, the government’s military and agricultural channel, indicated that China’s People’s Liberation Army engineered an attack on the Falun Gong website, the draft said.
The website, which was hosted on a University of Alabama at Birmingham computer network, was attacked in 2001 or earlier, the draft says.
The CCTV-7 segment said the People’s Liberation Army’s Electrical Engineering University wrote the software to carry out the attack against the Falun Gong website, according to the draft. The Falun Gong movement is banned by the Chinese government, which considers it a cult.
After initially posting the segment on its website, CCTV-7 removed the footage after media from other countries began to report the story, the congressional draft says.
　　草案说，中国政府的军事与农业频道CCTV-7套在7月发布简讯，暗示中国人民解放军实施了针对法轮功网站的袭击。
　　它说明受袭击网站服务器位于伯明翰的阿拉巴马大学。事件大概发生在2001年或者更好的时候。
CCTV-7的简讯报道说，解放军电子工程大学开发了能够对法轮功网站实施攻击的软件。中国政府取缔了法轮功运动，并认为它是邪教。
　　国会的草案说，在发布了这条消息以后，CCTV-7在其他国家开始报道后消除了一切痕迹。

Military Disruption
军令受阻
The Chinese military also has been focused on its U.S. counterpart, which it considers too reliant on computers. In a conflict, the Chinese would try to “compromise, disrupt, deny, degrade, deceive or destroy” U.S. space and computer systems, the draft says.
“This could critically disrupt the U.S. military’s ability to deploy and operate during a military contingency,” according to the draft.
Other cyber intrusions with possible Chinese involvement included the so-called Night Dragon attacks on energy and petrochemical companies and an effort to compromise the Gmail accounts of U.S. government officials, journalists and Chinese political activists, according to the draft.
Often the attacks are found to have come from Chinese Internet-protocol, or IP, addresses.

Businesses based in other countries and operating in China think that computer network intrusions are among the “most serious threats to their intellectual property,” the draft says.
The threat extends to companies not located in China. On March 22, U.S. Internet traffic was “improperly” redirected through a network controlled by Beijing-based China Telecom Corp. Ltd., the state-owned largest provider of broadband Internet connections in the country, the draft said.
In its draft of last year’s report, the commission highlighted China’s ability to direct Internet traffic and exploit “hijacked” data.
　　中国军队同样还把注意力移向美军，并认为它太依赖计算机了。草案说明在未来的冲突中，中国可能试图“消解、破坏或者销毁”美国的空间与计算机系统。
　　“这可能中断美军在紧急军情中的部署与指挥能力。”
　　其他牵涉到中国的网络入侵包括对石油与能源公司的所谓“夜龙”袭击，以及破解中国政府官员、记者和中国政治活动者Gmail账号的行为。
　　通常此类袭击可以追溯到中国的网络协议或IP地址。

笑靥se7en

攻击就攻击  气死你。

majiazhanghu

LXJX不解释。

lyycc

都五六年前的事，当时都没调查清楚，现在哭爹来了