本帖最后由 yusuf1124 于 2011-11-9 18:16 编辑
【中文标题】美军装备惊现中国制造假冒部件
【原文标题】U.S. defense equipment has been outfitted with counterfeit parts from China
【登载媒体】华盛顿邮报
【来源地址】
http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/china-counterfeit-parts-in-us-military-boeing-l3-aircraft/2011/11/08/gIQAYRy30M_story.html
【原文库地址】http://bbs.m4.cn/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=3228963&page=1#pid5117916
【译 者】 yusuf1124
【翻译方式】 人工
【声 明】 欢迎转载，请务必注明译者和出处 bbs.m4.cn。
【译 文】
由雷神公司，L-3通讯控股公司和波音公司生产的美国国防武器装备出现许多可疑假冒部件。其中包括了部署到阿富汗的飞行器。
参议员武器委员会发现这些假冒部件--通常来自中国--被至少安装到了7架飞机上，包括洛克西德马丁公司生产的C-13-J运输机，波音P-8A海上巡逻机和L-3 27J运输机。
从昨天发布的，来自委员会成员的备忘录，我们可以看到：“雷神公司，L-3通讯和波音公司生产的军用系统和次级系统中发现了来自中国的可疑电子原件。”
密歇根参议员卡尔乐文（音），委员会主席，说道：“这些跟人员伤亡或者致命缺陷导致的飞机坠毁事件无关。”
尽管如此，乐文（音）说道：“委员会成员已经发现很多地方存在缺陷，如果不及时纠正，很可能导致上述的灾难性后果。”
今天，中国外交部发言人洪磊在北京的发布会上称，中国支持打击假冒产品的斗争。
洪说道：“中国政府正同其他国家的相关机构积极合作来打击假冒产品。这些举措受到欢迎。”
部署的飞机
五角大陆检察长助理詹姆斯艾维斯（音）在一份邮件中说道：“五角大楼防御犯罪调查服务处也正单独的调查有关众多假冒物品的40件案子。” “该机构正在进行有关潜在缺陷或者不合格部件的225项调查。”
艾维斯（音）说道：“这些案件可能涉及假冒产品或者不恰当制造的部件。”
据委员会方面消息，部署到阿富汗的2 架新L-3 C-27J已发现可疑部件。L-3集成系统装置于9月19日告知空军--交付的11架飞机中，8架飞机的显示装置中安装了可疑视频内存芯片。
内存芯片风险
备忘录中提到：2010 年11月份，L-3部件发现了可疑内存芯片。委员会根据芯片追查到了中国深圳的宏兴达科技有限公司。该公司先前也曾交付过假冒产品，L-3于2009年10月份发现了这一点。
显示装置，由L-3通讯显示系统制造，向飞行员提供诊断数据，包括引擎状况，燃油使用，位置和警告。
备忘录显示：C-27J显示器是售往空军，海军和国防承包商的500件涉嫌可疑的中国部件之一。这些显示器被安装于C-130J和C-17运输机和海军陆战队CH-46直升机。
备忘录同时写到：“这些内存芯片如果出现故障，可能导致显示装置图像降级，数据丢失甚至出现空白。”
L-3发言人詹妮弗巴顿（音）称公司正在检验这一事件。
严重问题
亚利桑那参议员约翰麦凯恩， 军事委员会共和党高级官员，称这些假冒部件以三至四家假冒公司为掩体进入的。
今天在接受彭博电视台采访时，麦凯恩称：“中国应该更加警惕。他们知道这些假冒部件来自哪里。”
在写给彭博 新闻的一份邮件中，乐文说道：“部署到阿富汗的飞机中存在缺陷部件这一事实证实了问题的严重性。
参议员委员会调查组的数据库中收集了1800件假冒案例，到达了一百万部件。备忘录显示：委员会详细检查了其中100个案例额，发现70%的可疑部件来自中国公司。
“将近20%的剩余案例追溯到英国和加拿大--已知的中国假冒电子部件的转售点。
乐文（音）告诉记者：“调查组正考虑对假冒产品严加规定。包括要求国防武器承包商支付用来替代假冒部件的真品的费用。”
乐文（音）说道：“这里有很多可能性。现在，一些合同中存在着歧义。某种程度上这取决于合同的措辞，是成本加成抑或是固定价格。”
“法律将迫使承包商告知分包商及其供应商--他们需要保证售出的部件是合法的。”
“如果不把责任归咎于我们的承包商。同样，他们将会把这信息传递给供应商。
Dozens of suspected counterfeit parts have been installed on U.S. defense equipment from Raytheon Co., L-3 Communications Holdings Inc. and Boeing Co., including aircraft deployed to Afghanistan.
The Senate Armed Services Committee found counterfeit parts -- usually from China -- on at least seven aircraft, including the Lockheed Martin Corp. C-130J transport plane, Boeing P-8A Poseidon maritime patrol and L-3 27J Spartan transport.
“Suspect electronic parts from China were installed on military systems and subsystems that were manufactured by Raytheon Co., L-3 Communications and Boeing,” said the memo from the committee’s staff, released yesterday before a hearing today.
None of the examples were connected to instances of lives lost or dramatic failures causing an aircraft crash, Michigan Senator Carl Levin, the committee chairman, said.
Still, the committee staff has “identified lots of places where, unless that correction was made, there was real fear that those kind of disastrous consequences could take place,” Levin said.
China supports the fight against counterfeit goods, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Hong Lei said at a briefing today in Beijing.
“China’s government is actively promoting cooperation in fighting fake or counterfeit goods with relevant authorities in other countries and such efforts are welcome,” Hong said.
Deployed Aircraft
Separately, the Pentagon’s Defense Criminal Investigative Service is investigating about 40 cases involving various counterfeit items, Assistant Pentagon Inspector General for Investigative Operations James Ives said in an e-mail. The agency is conducting 225 investigations “involving potentially defective or substandard parts and components,” he said.
“The cases may involve counterfeits or improperly made parts,” Ives said.
Two new L-3 Air Force C-27J Spartans deployed to Afghanistan have displays with suspect parts, according to the committee. L3’s Integrated Systems unit notified the Air Force on Sept. 19 that 38 suspect video memory chips were installed in the display units on eight of the first 11 aircraft delivered.
Memory Chip Risks
The L-3 unit that made the displays learned of the suspect memory chips in November 2010, the memo said. The committee traced the chips to Hong Dark Electronic Trade in Shenzhen, China, which also delivered an earlier counterfeit part L-3 discovered in October 2009, it said.
The display units are made by L-3 Communications Display Systems and provide pilots with diagnostic data including engine status, fuel usage, location and warning messages.
The C-27J displays were among more than 500 containing suspect Chinese parts sold to the Air Force, Navy and defense contractors for installation also on C-130J and C-17 transport and Marine Corps CH-46 helicopters, the memo said.
“Failure of the memory chip could cause a display unit to show a degraded image, lose data or even go blank,” the memo said.
L-3 spokeswoman Jennifer Barton said the company is “reviewing the matter.”
Serious Problem
Arizona Senator John McCain, the senior Republican on the Armed Services Committee, said the origin of the counterfeits is cloaked by passing them through a chain of three or four sham companies.
China “should be more vigilant,” he said today in an interview on Bloomberg TV. “They know where it comes from.” “The fact that defective parts are in aircraft that are deployed in Afghanistan is evidence of the seriousness of the problem,” Levin said in an e-mail to Bloomberg News.
The Senate committee’s investigative staff amassed a database with 1,800 cases of counterfeiting totaling about 1 million parts. It scrutinized 100 cases and found that 70 percent of the suspect parts were traced to Chinese firms, according to the memo.
“Nearly 20 percent of the remaining cases were tracked to the United Kingdom and Canada -- known resale points for counterfeit electronic parts from China,” it said.
The panel is considering ways to tighten rules against the counterfeits, Levin told reporters, including requiring the defense contractors to pay for replacing the parts with genuine items.
“There’s a lot of possibilities here,” Levin said. “Right now, there is ambiguity in some of the contracts,” he said. “It depends on some extent as to the wording of the contract, whether it is cost-plus or fixed price,” he said.
Legislation “will force contractors to tell” their subcontractors and their subcontractor’s suppliers that they need to make sure the parts being sold are legitimate, he said.
“If you out the onus on all of our contractors they will get that message back to their suppliers as well,” he said.
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发表于 2011-11-9 18:07
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发表于 2011-11-9 19:24
