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【中文标题】中国如何应对驻澳美军
【原文标题】How Will China Respond to a New U.S. Military Presence in Australia?
【登载媒体】时代周刊
【来源地址】http://globalspin.blogs.time.com/2011/11/11/how-will-china-respond-to-greater-u-s-military-presence-in-australia/
【译 者】WilliamRUC
【翻译方式】 人工
【声 明】 欢迎转载，请务必注明译者和出处 bbs.m4.cn。
【译 文】
U.S. plans to station troops in Australia to help counter China's growing clout might be expected to provoke cries of indignation from Beijing. But the development, which President Obama and Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard are expected to formally announce on Nov. 17 during Obama's visit to Australia, has thus far generated little in the way of complaint from the Chinese government. That could change once the plan is formally outlined.
美国计划在澳大利亚派驻部队，以帮助抵御来自北京的压力。但是奥巴马总统和澳大利亚总理朱莉亚•吉拉德本打算于本月17日奥巴马访澳期间正式宣布的消息，因为中国政府的抗议，被提前释放出来。这可能改变方案正式形成的结果。
The Wall Street Journal reported on Thursday that the deal would lead to increased exercises and allow the U.S. to place hardware in Australia, but would not lead to the creation of new U.S. bases. The Sydney Morning Herald added that U.S. Marines will be stationed at an existing Australian base near the northern port city of Darwin, which Obama and Gillard will visit next Thursday.
《华尔街日报》周三报道称，协议可能包括更多的军事演习和允许美国在澳大利亚安置设备，不过不会建设新的美军基地。《悉尼先驱晨报》补充道，美国海军陆战队会被安置在北部港口城市达尔文附近的现有澳军基地，奥巴马和吉拉德将在下周三前往访问。
Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Hong Lei responded to the news Thursday by saying Chinese officials "hope relevant countries' bilateral cooperation will be conducive to the Asia-Pacific region's security, peace and stability," the Journal reported. Earlier this year China launched its first aircraft carrier, and it has been involved in increasingly heated disputes with Vietnam and the Philippines over overlapping claims to the South China Sea. The Global Times, a tabloid owned by China's Communist Party, quoted an unnamed expert yesterday who said that because the U.S. has seen China's increasing ability to threaten forces in the "first island chain"—the line of islands in the Western Pacific stretching from Japan to the Philippines, it is now focusing on defending positions further removed from China.
《华尔街日报》报道，中国外交部发言人洪磊对周三的消息评价说，中国官方“希望相关国家的双边合作有利于亚太地区的安全、和平与稳定”。今年早些时候中国展示了第一艘航空母舰，还因为南海领海争议问题与越南和菲律宾产生了越来越热的争端。中国共产党属下的《环球时报》昨日引用一位不愿透露姓名的专家称，因为美国见证了中国在“第一岛链”——西太平洋海域从日本到菲律宾的一排岛屿——不断增强的威胁性力量，现在它正专注于在离中国更远的地区建立防御。
The U.S. and Australia already jointly operate two military facilities: the Pine Gap surveillance station near Alice Springs near the geographical center of Australia and the Harold Holt naval communication station in Western Australia. Plans to increase the U.S. presence in Australia have been mooted over the past year at the annual AUSMIN talks between the two countries. In September, U.S. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta said the U.S. and Australia were “making steady progress in developing options for our two militaries to be able to train and operate together more closely, including more combined defense activities and a shared use of facilities.”
美国和澳大利亚已经联合运营了两家军事设施：澳大利亚地理中心附近爱丽丝泉（Alice Springs）旁边的松峡（Pine Gap）监控站和西澳大利亚的哈罗德霍尔特（Harold Holt）海军通信站。增加美国在澳大利亚军事存在的计划源于去年的两国年度澳美部长级磋商会议（AUSMIN）。九月份，美国防部长利昂•帕内塔称美国和澳大利亚“在两军更紧密地共同训练与合作，包括在防务与共享设施方面的联合，都显示了稳定的发展”。
A poll in June by the Australia-based Lowy Institute for International Policy indicated that 55% of Australians would support allowing U.S. troops to be stationed in Australian, a finding that poll director Fergus Hanson described as "fairly remarkable." He wrote that it "could well reflect rising concern about the broader implications of China's rise." But there will certainly be opposition to an expanded U.S. military presence. China became Australia's largest trading partner in 2007, and its appetite for energy and raw materials has provided a health boost for the Australian economy. Some Australians have questioned whether Australia should align its defensive posture with the U.S. and treat China as a potential adversary at the same time it is deepening economic ties with China. The Australian Greens, a party that took about 12% of the vote in the 2010 federal elections, say a decision on allowing more U.S. troops shouldn't be made without a public debate. "Now is the time for Australia to be thinking more independently about its foreign policy and boosting civil aid,' Greens leader Bob Brown told Sky News.
澳大利亚亚洛伊（Lowy）国际政策研究所七月的调查显示55%的澳大利亚人支持让美军驻扎在本国，这是调查主管Fergus Hanson形容为“非常令人印象深刻”的结论。他认为：“这可以反映对中国崛起更广泛的担忧。”但是肯定有美军军事存在的不利面。中国在2007年成为了澳大利亚最大的贸易伙伴，其对能源和原材料的需求是澳大利亚经济的良性推动力。一些澳大利亚人质疑为何澳大利亚一边和美国签订军事协议，把中国看作潜在对手，一边有和中国加深经济联系。在2010年联邦选举中获得12%选票的澳大利亚绿党称，引入更多美国军队必须经过充分的公共辩论：“现在是澳大利益更独立地思考其外交政策与促进国际援助的时候了”，绿党首脑Bob Brown向天空新闻台表示。
As the U.S. begins withdrawing forces from Iraq and reducing troop numbers in Afghanistan, it will look to Asia, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said Thursday in a speech in Honolulu. "After a decade in which we invested immense resources in these two theaters, we have reached a pivot point," she said. "We now can redirect some of those investments to opportunities and obligations elsewhere. And Asia stands out as a region where opportunities abound." The bulk of American forces in Asia are stationed in Japan, with 40,000 U.S. troops, and South Korea, with 28,000. Clinton suggested that alignment will shift, though she didn't specifically mention Australia as a destination. "As this region changes, we must change our force posture to ensure that it is geographically distributed, operationally resilient, and politically sustainable," she said. "A more broadly distributed military presence provides vital advantages, both in deterring and responding to threats, and in providing support for humanitarian missions."
随着美国撤兵伊拉克并减少阿富汗驻军数量，它将转向亚洲，国务卿希拉里•克林顿周三在火鲁努努的演说中表示。“十年以来，我们在这两个舞台上投入了太多的资源，我们到了一个关键时刻”，她说：“我们现在把一些投入转向其他地区的机遇与责任。亚洲就是一个机遇丰厚的地方。”美国在亚洲力量的大头在日本，包括40000名美国官兵，韩国则有28000名。希拉里表示战线会有所转移，但是她没有明确提出澳大利亚是目的地。“随着这一地区的变化，我们必须改变力量的姿态，来确保地理上的分散性、运作上的弹性和政治上的持续性”，她说：“更广泛的军事部署提供了机动性优势，无论在威胁和应对威胁，还是提供人道主义帮助方面。”
For now any additional deployments to Australia are expected to be small, more significant as a symbol than as a fighting force, says Rory Medcalf, director of the Lowy Institute's international security program. But it will allow the U.S. and its allies to work together to respond to natural disasters, terrorism, piracy and other security threats in the region, he says. And it shows that the U.S. is placing an emphasis not just on the Pacific region, but on the Indian Ocean as well. "The notion that there is such a thing as an Indo-Pacific region, that does relate intimately to Australia," he says. "We are a county on the Indian Ocean as well as the Pacific. It makes sense for the U.S. to take advantage of it."
亚洛伊研究所国际安全项目的主管Rory Medcalf称，目前为止任何对澳额外部署都不会太大，象征性意义甚于实质战斗力量的意义。但是这能够允许美国及其盟友共同响应自然灾害、恐怖袭击、海盗与这一地区的其他安全威胁，他说。这也显示了美国不仅仅关注太平洋海域，也同样关注印度洋海域。“印度洋-太平洋地区的概念与澳大利亚紧密相连”，他说：“我们既是一个太平洋国家，也是一个印度洋国家。美国利用这个优势不足为奇。”
网友评论：
Kaien Morris
we don't want yanks in our country at all let alone as a military presents, they are the greatest threat to world security
我们不希望美国佬的部队来到我们国家，他们才是世界安全的最大威胁。
myperspective97
Well, the war is coming up, so they might sell some arms. Am I right? Yes!
呼，战争来临了，他们可能卖一点武器吧。我对不对？对！
myperspective97
The U.S. just want to share some of resource such as oil and gas in the South China Sea; that's all. But unfortunately, the U.S. is not belonging to that region.
美国不过想分享一些中国南海的油气资源，但是不幸的是，美国不属于这个地区。
rory wong
we don't need any form of military of any nation present in other country's soil around the world.
我们不需要本国土地上出现任何形式的他国军事存在。
bridgebuilder78
The Chinese response would probably be smug satisfaction: good good, spend more...
中国的反应可能是飘飘然的：好呀好呀，你们花更多的钱。
Scotty_A
A larger presence is needed in South Korea. Australia is suitable if a problem arises in Southeast Asia. However, I don't see a problem arising. The Chinese government has many of the same concerns as the US government, such as protecting shipping lanes and natural resources such as oil. The Chinese view the North Koreans as a big headache just like most other countries do. And they have the same qualms that others have about Pakistan's reluctance to challenge religious extremism. Commerce and stability are the main virtues that are sought by China, the US, and many other countries. The US in particular also...
韩国才需要更多军队。如果东南亚问题扩大，澳大利亚才适合驻军，不过我没有发现问题。中国政府和美国政府有着相同的担忧，例如保护航线与油气资源。中国也和许多国家一样因为朝鲜头疼。中国也和其他国家一样，因为巴基斯坦不愿意挑战宗教极端势力而焦虑。发展商业和保持稳定是中国、美国和其他许多国家的主旨。美国尤甚。
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狗仔卡
发表于 2011-11-14 14:11
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发表于 2011-11-14 14:57
