本帖最后由 黑白精灵 于 2012-1-21 10:40 编辑
【中文标题】 中国城市人口超过农村人口
【原文标题】 China’s city population outstrips countryside
【登载媒体】金融时报
【来源地址】 http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/7b9a25ba-410e-11e1-8c33-00144feab49a.html#ixzz1jn1sltrY
【译者】黑白精灵
【翻译方式】人工
【声明】欢迎转载，请务必注明译者和出处 bbs.m4.cn。
【原文库链接】http://bbs.m4.cn/thread-3299195-1-1.html
【译文】
China’s city population outstrips countryside By Jamil Anderlini in Beijing
More Chinese citizens live in cities than in the countryside for the first time ever, attracted by job opportunites in the country’s rapidly growing urban areas.
生活在城市的中国人比在农村的还多的情况首次出现，这是由于他们被高速发展的城市地区的就业机会所吸引。
On Tuesday, Beijing said the country’s gross domestic product grew 8.9 percent in the fourth quarter of 2011 from the same period a year earlier, the slowest pace in more than two years but only moderately slower than previous quarters.
周二，北京声称2011年第四季度的GDP比以往同期增长了8.9个百分点，这是两年多来最慢的，但是仅仅比前几个季度适度的减缓了。
The historic population milestone, reached by UK and US in 1851 and 1920 respectively, was marked by a single sentence buried in a government press release on the country’s quarterly economic performance. According to the figures, 51.27 per cent of China’s population, or 691m people, were living in urban areas by the end of last year, up from 49.95 per cent at the end of 2010.
被英国和美国分别在1851年和1920年达到的历史人口里程碑，被一句简单的话所记载。它被记载在一篇有关国家季度经济成就的新闻稿中。据有关数字，51.27%的中国人，也就是6.91亿人，截至去年年底生活在城市地区，从2010年底的49.95%增长至此。
The UN estimates that the global urban population exceeded that of rural areas in 2008, thanks largely to the frantic pace of urbanisation in China.
联合国估计全球城市人口在2008年超过农村人口，这很大程度上要拜中国疯狂的城市化速度所赐。
As recently as 1980, less than 20 per cent of China’s population lived in cities. While analysts predict that 70 per cent of China’s population – or roughly 1bn people – will be living in urban areas by 2030, the country’s urbanisation process has been uneven and is dependent on rapid growth in the overall economy.
就在最近的1980年，只有不到20%的中国人生活在城市。当时分析家预言在2030年将有70%的中国人抑或约10亿人将会生活在城市地区。国家的城市化进程是不均匀的而且依靠整体经济的高速增长。
“The speed of urbanisation depends on people having something to do in the cities,” said Tom Miller, managing editor of China Economic Quarterly and author of a forthcoming book titled China’s Urban Billion. “If economic growth isn’t there then there won’t be jobs for people to go to in the cities and they won’t go.”
“城市化的速度依靠人们在城市有事可做，”，汤姆·米勒说。他是《中国经济季刊》的主编而且是即将问世的题为《中国十亿城市人口》一书的作者。“如果经济增长停滞，随后将不再有让人们进入城市的工作，人们也就不愿去了。”
In early 2009, as many as 25m rural migrant labourers gave up looking for work and returned to the countryside in the midst of the global financial crisis and a precipitous drop in Chinese exports. Most of them have since returned to urban factories, restaurants and construction sites, but another economic slowdown could send them home again.
2009年初，2500万外来务工人员放弃寻找工作并回到农村，此时正逢全球经济危机而且中国的出口急剧下滑。他们当中的大多数随后回到城市的工厂、餐馆和建筑工地，但是另外一次经济减速可能又一次将他们送回老家。
Many migrants working in urban areas retain the agricultural land use rights allotted to them by the government as a safety net. According to Mr Miller, official surveys show three-quarters of peasant farmers do not want to give up their rural status for the city if it means having to renounce their land rights.
很多在城市工作的外来务工者仍保留着政府分配给他们的农业用地的使用权并以之作为一个安全保障。根据米勒先生所讲，官方调查显示，如果不得不声明放弃土地的权利，四分之三的个体农民不愿意为城市而放弃他们的农村身份。
On Tuesday Ma Jiantang, spokesman for China’s National Bureau of Statistics, warned that China faced a “gloomy, highly complicated and severe international environment” this year due to “sluggishness in the main developed economies”.
中国国家统计局发言人马建堂在周二警告说，中国今年面临一个“阴暗的、高度复杂且严峻的国际环境”由于“主要的发达经济体的惰性”。
Another concern for China’s economy is the domestic real estate market, which has been one of the main drivers of growth for the last decade.
另外一个让中国经济关心的是国内的房地产市场，它已成为最近十年增长的主要驱动力之一。
“The property market correction is providing the greatest downside momentum, with still-tight credit conditions choking activity in the broader economy and the precarious eurozone providing plenty of drag,” said Alistair Thornton, an analyst at IHS Global Insight in Beijing. “The worst is still to come, with GDP growth likely to sink over a percentage point lower this quarter.”
“楼市的回落正提供很大的下行势头，伴随着仍然紧张的信用状况在更广泛的经济体中让人窒息，并且不牢固的欧元区带来的满是累赘。”阿里斯泰尔，一位环球透视的分析师在北京说，“最糟糕的还没到来，GDP增长呈衰退并低于这个季度的百分比。”
On Tuesday the World Bank warned developing countries that they should be prepared for a global economic meltdown on a par with 2008-09 if the European sovereign debt crisis escalates.
周二，世界银行警告发展中国家应该对全球经济崩溃有所准备。如果欧洲主权债务危机升级，那么全球经济危机可与2008-2009年相提并论。
Many economists believe China’s labour force has already started to decline, and predict that an ageing population and a slower pace of urbanisation will lower the potential growth rate in the world’s second largest economy.
很多经济学家认为中国的劳动力已经开始减少，并预言人口老龄化和减速的城市化将会降低这个世界第二大经济体的潜在增长率。
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发表于 2012-1-21 10:40
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