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本帖最后由 下个月 于 2014-6-30 18:17 编辑
【中文标题】周二将迎来日本自卫队建立60周年的纪念日
【原文标题】The Self-Defense Forces marks the 60th anniversary of its inauguration on Tuesday.
【登载媒体】Yomiuri Shimbun
【原文链接】http://the-japan-news.com/news/article/0001389824
【正文】
There was a time when the SDF was given only second-tier status due to its connection with Article 9 of the Constitution, but today it has developed into a government organization regarded favorably by over 90 percent of Japanese.
曾经，由于日本宪法第九条，日本自卫队只能退居于二线地位。然而现在，日本自卫队已经发展成了一个国家机构，并且这个机构受到超过90%日本人民的支持。
Depending on the course of Diet discussions on Japan’s right of collective self-defense, however, the SDF might be ordered to carry out challenging missions it has never done before. Standing at a crossroads, it is also true that men and women in uniform feel uncertain about the future of the SDF.
日本自卫队（的使用）取决于日本国会关于日本集体自卫权的方针，然而，日本自卫队已经开始接受许多具有挑战性的任务，这些任务是日本自卫队从来没有想到过的。站在十字路口，士兵们（无论男女）对日本自卫队未来的迷惘是真实的。
With the enforcement of the Defense Agency and Self-Defense Forces laws on July 1, 1954, the agency and the SDF came into being. The SDF is based on the National Security Force established in 1952, which grew out of the National Police Reserve created in 1950. Currently, the three branches of the SDF have a total of 225,000 members.
1954年7月1日，随着防卫厅和自卫队法律的实施，防卫厅正式设立。日本自卫队是由成立于1952年的国家安全武装力量演变而来的，而国家安全武装力量则是由成立于1950年的警察预备队演变而来。目前，自卫队的三军力量共有225,000名成员。
“I couldn’t even think of wearing a uniform when I commuted to the office,” Hiroshi Morishige said, recalling the early days of the SDF when the public viewed it with a stern eye. Morishige, now 86, dealt with the 1985 crash of the Japan Airlines passenger jet and other incidents as chief of staff at the Air Self-Defense Force.
“我甚至无法想象当我去上班的时候可以身着军装，”Hiroshi Morishige回忆起早些年当自卫队还面临着公众严厉审视的眼神的时候，说道。Morishige现年86岁，曾经作为日本空军的一员参与1985年日本航空客机失事和其它一些事故。
When he was in the ASDF, a few schools refused to enroll some children because their fathers were SDF members. In 1960, when protest movements over the Japan-U.S. Security Treaty were at their height, Morishige witnessed demonstrators, who had surrounded the Diet Building, heading to the former Defense Agency building in the Roppongi district. Fearing they might occupy the agency, he rushed to the roof of the agency to incinerate classified documents, Morishige said.
当他还在日本空军自卫队的时候，有一些学校拒绝接受父亲在自卫队服役的孩子。在1960年，当关于日美安保条约的抗议正如火如荼的时候，Morishige亲眼看到示威者包围了日本国会大楼，冲入在Roppongi街区的前防卫厅大楼。因为害怕示威者占领防卫厅，他冲进防卫厅的顶楼烧毁了许多机密文件，Morishige说道。
He even suffered personal damage when a terrorist set his house on fire in 1992, though he had already retired from the SDF at that time.
1992年，当一群恐怖主义者放火烧了他的房子的时候，他甚至受到了人身伤害，尽管当时他已经从日本自卫队退休了。
However, times have changed. According to a 2012 survey by the Cabinet Office, a record 91.7 percent of respondents said they had favorable impressions of the SDF. Photo books and TV dramas on SDF members are very popular today.
但是，时代已经改变了。根据2012年内阁办公室的一项调查，91.7的受访者对于日本自卫队表示支持。现在，关于日本自卫队的写真集和电视剧在日本都非常流行。
“SDF members, which had put up with such slander as ‘tax-money snatchers’ and ‘violators of the Constitution,’ are steadily working on disaster aid, peacekeeping operations and daily training,” Morishige said proudly.
“那些曾经被诽谤为‘税款的掠夺者’和‘宪法的破坏者’的日本自卫队队员，他们的工作已经逐渐转到灾难救助，联合国维和以及日常训练当中去了。”Morishige非常自豪地说。
“What the Self-Defense Forces is today is the result of various achievements made over the 60 years,” said Shigeru Iwasaki, chief of the Joint Staff who heads the SDF.
“今天的日本自卫队是过去60年的一系列成就的结果，”日本自卫队队长兼联合参谋长Shigeru Iwasaki说道。
A 21-year-old sergeant who has volunteered for a three-month ranger training course at the Ground Self-Defense Force’s Fuji School Brigade said, “I watch video footage of U.S. forces in Iraq and other places to form mental pictures” to supplement his lack of experience in real combat.
一位自愿接受陆军自卫队在Fuji School Brigade为期三个月的突击训练的21岁的中士说，“我观看了美国士兵在伊拉克和其它地方的录影，从而在我心里形成一些图景”，这些图景用来弥补他实战经验的不足。
Rangers infiltrate hostile areas to carry out their missions. In a five-day training program that started Friday, the sergeant and others in the ranger course were to trek through the mountains of Izu Peninsula and other places, each carrying more than 40 kilograms of gear on his back. Eight of the 24 trainees have already quit the course because they could not endure the hard training.
突击渗透敌对地区负责他们的任务。在一个从周五开始为期五天的训练项目中，这位中士和其他人将在伊豆半岛和其它地区的山区中徒步跋涉，每个人负重40公斤的工具。已经有24位受训者退出了这个项目，因为他们无法承受这种艰苦的训练。
Today, not only the GSDF but also the Maritime and Air Self-Defense forces are facing a wider range of missions. But expectations for rangers with high physical performances are exceptionally high in the GSDF, which faces new challenges such as establishing a unit to regain control of a remote island occupied by an enemy.
现在，不仅仅是日本陆军自卫队，海军自卫队和空军自卫队也面临着一系列的任务。但是，高体力强度的突击训练是陆军特有的，陆军面对的新挑战包括建立一支队伍来收复一个被敌人控制的遥远的海岛。（译者问：钓鱼岛？竹岛？北方四岛？）
The sergeant wants to be assigned to a special operations unit engaged in counterterrorism operations in the future. If he is assigned to such a unit, the sergeant could be dispatched to a dangerous area abroad.
这位中士希望在将来能被分配去负责反恐行动的队伍。如果他被分配去了这样的队伍，这位中士将会被派到一个危险的海外地区。
His 23-year-old fiancee, who is also an SDF member, said: “I respect what he wants to do...All I can do is pray for him to return safely if he goes on a dangerous mission.”
他23岁的未婚妻，她也是日本自卫队的一员，说：“我尊重他的选择......如果他接受了一项危险的任务，我能做的只有祈祷他能够平安回来。”
If the exercise of the right of collective self-defense is permitted in the near future, the SDF is more likely to use force overseas.
如果在不久的将来行使集体自卫权被批准，日本自卫队很有可能将赴海外执行任务。（译者注：从2004年起，日本自卫队已经向伊拉克派遣部队，但由于宪法第九条的限制，日本在伊拉克的部队仅限于非战斗部队。）
A senior SDF officer expressed concern that this might cause a worsening of the favorable public impression the SDF has built up over a long time.
一位日本自卫队的高级军官对于（向海外派遣部队）感到忧虑，他认为这将会使得一直以来日本自卫队建立起来的受到的公众支持的形象遭受到损害。
“If we are dispatched on a mission abroad that divides public opinion,” he said. “How will the public see the SDF then?”
“如果我们向海外派遣部队，并因此使得民意分裂，”他说，“那时公众会怎么样看待自卫队呢？”
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