【09.06.13 独立报】日本的阴柔一代
【中文标题】日本的阴柔一代【原文标题】Japan's Generation XX
【登载媒体】英国独立报
【来源地址】http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/japans-generation-xx-1704155.html
【译者】 无鱼
【翻译方式】人工
【声明】本翻译供Anti-CNN使用，未经AC或译者许可，不得转载。
【原文库链接】http://bbs.m4.cn/thread-173661-1-5.html
【译文】
Japanese actor Tsuyoshi Kusanagi wears lipstick and make-up at a Korean television awards ceremony
日本演员草剪刚涂口红着淡妆出席韩国电视颁奖会。
They are known as the grass-eaters: effeminate young Japanese men more interested in perfecting their looks than finding a job or starting a family.
他们以“食草”著称，即比起立业成家，阴柔的日本年轻小伙们，更寄情于衣着打扮。
In Japan some call them herbivores, and on Saturday nights they come out to graze: a perfumed army of preening masculinity. Groomed and primped, hair teased to peacock-like perfection and bodies wrapped in tight-fitting clothes, their habitat is the crowded city where they live in fear of commitment, and the odd carnivorous female who preys on them.
在日本，一些人称他们“食草动物”。周六晚上一群香艳的男子外出觅食，他们梳洗打扮，头发梳得一丝不苟，着贴身衣裤。他们栖身于拥挤的城市，害怕承担义务，也害怕捕食他们的怪异的“食肉”女郎。
For much of this decade, the older men who drove this country to the top of the economic league tables have looked on in bewilderment at the foppish antics of the generation below.
近十年，把日本推向经济强国的老一辈人，不知所措地旁观着时髦古怪的下一代。
Japan's twenty- and thirtysomething males seem disinterested in careers and apathetic about the rituals of dating, sex and marriage. They spend almost as much on cosmetics and clothes as women, live with their mums and sit down on the toilet when they pee. Some have even been known to wear bras. "What is happening to the nation's manhood?" wonders social critic Takuro Morinaga.
日本二、三十岁的男性似乎无意于事业，默然于相亲、性、婚姻这样的传统模式。他们在化妆品、服饰上的花费堪于女性，与母亲生活在一起，坐在马桶上小便，一些人还带文胸。“这个国度的男性怎么了？”社会评论家森永卓郎惊问。
Now they have their answer: Japanese males are transforming into grass-eaters.
现在人们找到了答案：日本男性蜕变成食草动物。
Coined by columnist Maki Fukasawa, the term soshoku-danshi (herbivorous male) has become one of those cultural buzzwords that hijacks the Japanese media every couple of years. With its implied disdain for vegetarians, the term has been popularised in a bestselling new book called The Herbivorous Ladylike Men (who) are Changing Japan by Megumi Ushikubo, president of Tokyo marketing firm Infinity. Her company claims that roughly two-thirds of all Japanese men aged 20-34 are now partial or total grass-eaters, and a very long way from the classic twin stereotypes of 20th-century Japanese masculinity: the fierce, unyielding warrior and the workaholic salary-man.
专栏作家深泽真纪新创一词“soshoku-danshi”（意为食草男性）。每两年，文化时髦词汇都会震荡日本媒体一下，这个新词亦如此。畅销新书《食草靓男改变日本现在时》，使这个新词家喻户晓，其暗含对素食者的轻视。作者牛洼惠，Tokyo marketing firm Infinity 总裁，其公司称，20-34岁的日本男子中，约2/3或半食草或全食草。这与20世纪日本两种典型的男子形象大相径庭：一是凶猛不屈的武士，一是疯狂敬业的白领。
"I noticed these major changes taking place between my father's generation, the 58 to 63-year-olds who are retiring now, and the under-35s," she explains. "This is just a very different breed."
她解释道：“我注意过，这些变化是我父亲那代人——58到63岁，现已退休，与35岁以下人之间的差异。这新生一代是非常不同的一类人。”
Ms Ushikubo believes that the post-war corporate samurai is increasingly a carnivorous dinosaur, whose legendary dedication to the company – at the expense of family – is as much a relic as dawn calisthenics on the factory floor.
牛洼惠女士认为，战后的公司武士越来越像食肉恐龙了，其以家庭为代价的了不起的敬业精神，连同工作场的晨操，成为那个时代的遗迹。
"Grass-eaters" by contrast, are uncompetitive and uncommitted to work, a symptom of their epic disillusionment with Japan's troubled economy. "People who grew up in the bubble era (of the 1980s) really feel like they were let down. They worked so hard and it all came to nothing," says Ms Ushikubo. "So the men who came after them have changed."
而食草者却无竞争力，不投身于工作，这是日本经济困顿，人们幻想幻灭的外在表现。牛洼惠女士说：“成长在1980年代的泡沫经济时代的人，实实在在地感到没有希望，他们勤奋工作，却无所得，所以他们的孩子发生了变化。”
Like many all-encompassing buzzwords, "herbivore male" can be laughably imprecise. Among his other qualities, the herbivore is close to his mum, has a liking for deserts and foreign travel and leans toward platonic relationships with the opposite sex. He will happily share a night with a woman without laying a hand on her and doesn't waste his money on prostitutes.
时髦词汇包罗万象，有些可能听起来滑稽可笑，意思含糊，“食草男”这个词便是这样。食草男的其它特质与母亲相近，喜好荒野，异域旅行，倾向于柏拉图式的精神恋爱。他会愉快地与女士共度一晚而绝不碰一下，不花钱做性交易。
But the term resonates with a generation struggling to make sense of profound social disruption rooted in economic changes. Wealth disparities are corroding Japan's meritocracy and poverty is rising. A 2007 OECD report showed that relative poverty in Japan is the second worst in the developed world, after the United States.
但是这个词却映射出，这代人奋力去弄明白根植于经济变化的深层社会中断。贫富差异腐蚀着日本的实力主义，贫困人口呈上升趋势。据2007年经合组织报道显示，日本是第二位相对贫困的发达国家，仅次于美国。
Business magazine Weekly Diamond recently noted that more than 80 per cent of 35-year-olds in Japan live on an annual income of two million yen – a key poverty benchmark. "I don't think the lives my parents had is an option for us anymore," laments Kai Ishii, a 26-year-old broker in Shizuoka Prefecture. "I want to eventually get married and buy a house. I just don't know when I'll be able to do that, even if I'm still in a job."
商业杂志Weekly Diamond最近指出，80%以上的35岁日本人年收入二百万日元——这是判断贫困与否的基准。石井甲斐，26岁，静冈县的一名股票经纪人，叹道：“我认为，父母过的生活再也不会是我们可以选择的了。我想结婚买房子，可是我不知道猴年马月可以实现，尽管我一直在奔波。”
About one third of the Japanese workforce is now casual or part-time, and confidence in the future is at rock bottom. For many young men, the post-war dream of lifetime employment, home and family, with all the sacrifices it entailed, is fading. In response, some have turned their energies elsewhere, toward the once feminised sphere of consumption – or away from life altogether.
目前，日本约1/3的劳动力是临时工或兼职从业人员，人们对未来的信心已降至谷底。对很多年轻人来说，战后的那种梦想——终身工作，家庭稳固，为此甘愿付出任何代价——已渐行渐远了。因而，一些人把精力转移到其它领域——或是转向女性的消费领域，或是干脆远离尘世。
Millions remain at home as "parasite singles", meaning they live with, and off, their parents. The pressing need to find a partner has been alleviated by the ubiquity of porn, sex toys and virtual sex on bedroom computers – one reason, say analysts, why consumption of condoms has been falling for a decade. Even those who opt for conventional marriage find their old role of main breadwinner is no longer available: men and woman increasingly share the roles of work and home.
百万人蜗居家中，成为“寄生单身”——住在父母身边，靠父母养活。找个伴的迫切需要被无处不在的黄色书刊，性玩具，卧室电脑的虚拟性游戏所缓解。分析家说这是为什么近十年避孕套的销量一直下滑的一个原因。即便那些选择传统婚姻的人也发现，养家糊口的重任不再如前，而渐渐转变为家里家外的职责男女共同承担。
Many of these complex changes are also occurring elsewhere, and are not unwelcome, points out sociologist Yuko Kawanishi. "Japanese men had it good for a long time. They were macho and sexist, and neglected their wives, so it's good that they're discovering their feminine side, and learning to cooperate."
社会学者川西结子指出，像这样的变化在其它方面也显现出来了，其中很多并不是不受欢迎的。“日本男人大男子主义，性别歧视，长期以来引以为荣，所以男人阴柔一面的觉醒，学着合作，这本是好事。”
Ms Ushikubo also hails the rise of the ojyo-man, or ladylike men. "My generation expected that sort of traditional man to pay for everything, to get the good job and support us," the 41-year-old author recalls. "But that system put a lot of pressure on men. They don't know when they'll be fired, or restructured. The idea that they had to carry the burden by themselves is fading and I think we're seeing more equal relationships."
牛洼惠女士对女性气质男子的涌现而高声赞扬。这位41岁的作者回忆道：“我们那代人所期望的是传统型的男人为一切付账，找个好工作，养活全家，但是这种体系赋予了男人太多的压力。他们无法预料什么时候被解雇，或是被改组。让男人独自承担重负的观念已经淡了，我以为现在出现的是更平等关系。”
While sociologists debate its merits, the herbivore phenomenon has become popular media fodder. On one discussion show this year, a group of grass-eaters faced their older counterparts like opposing armies across a battlefield. "Men are turning into women," lamented critic Mr Morinaga.
社会学者对此褒贬不一，而食草现象已是吸引人眼球的媒体亮点。今年的一个研讨节目中，食草一代与老一代就像是敌我两军对阵一般针锋相对。“男人变得像女人了。”评论家森永卓郎先生哀叹到。
The blurring of gender boundaries has been highlighted by stories appearing to demonstrate that once proud alpha-males are being symbolically castrated in the home. Toilet-maker Matsushita Electric Works reported a survey this year suggesting that more than 40 per cent of adult men in Japan sit on the toilet when they urinate – a figure that is rising year by year.
曾经不可一世的男人们像是被阉割了一样乖乖地待在家里，这表明性别界限不那么清晰了。今年马桶制造商日本松下电工有限公司公布一调查，显示40%以上的成年男子坐在马桶上小解，这一数据在逐年上涨。
Nagging wives are also blamed for the rise of the Tenshi no Hizamakura, or Angel's Knee Pillow, a kneeling stool with an unfortunate resemblance to a church pew that brings men closer to the bowl when they pee. Designed to stop splashing around the bowl – women after all still do the vast bulk of household cleaning – the product's arrival prompted the following headline in one media outlet "Men brought to their knees by angry housewives".
“殿起天使之膝”——跪着使用的马桶，不敬的是其样子像教堂跪拜用的矮凳，这样的马桶使男人小解时离便器更近些，人们指责这款产品的问世罪归喋喋不休的妻子。设计的意图是防止赃物溅洒便器周围，毕竟仍是女人做大部分的家居清扫。《妻怒，夫跪》这一新闻头条应运而生。
Marketing experts like Ms Ushikubo, who has also written a book called The Consumption Power of Twenty-something Happy Parasites, have been quick to learn the lessons of the new herbivorous world.
营销专家牛洼惠女士曾写过这样一本书《二十多岁快乐寄生族的消费威力》，她敏锐地嗅到潜在的食草新世界。
Men are now leading purchasers of hair products, make-up, fashion accessories and manicures. A Tokyo-based company called WishRoom is even selling men's bras, some to middle-aged salary-men.
现在的男人是美发、美容、美甲、装饰产品的主要购买者。总部设在东京的一家名为“希望空间”的公司卖男式文胸，其中有专供中年白领男式使用的文胸。
"They were the generation we had been told were 'manly' – they led Japan in the post-war period," WishRoom president Masayuki Tsuchiya told the Japan Times this month. He said the company had sold more than 5,000 of the bras to men who are probably reacting against the classic stereotype of stoic, silently enduring male. "They said wearing a bra just made them feel more calm, relaxed and revived."
在本月出版的《日本时报》中，“希望空间”的总裁说：“那代人，人们都说很‘男人’，他们领导着战后的日本，”他还说公司已销售5000多男士文胸，买的人或许在反抗着克己、沉默、隐忍这样的经典男人形象，“这些男人称戴上文胸他们感到冷静、放松，恢复活力。”
True carnivores sigh in disgust, but could the grass-eaters be merely the latest flowering of an old tradition? Japanese culture has long had a strong element of androgyny: During the Tokugawa period (1603-1868), men played women and women dressed as men for the theatre, while erotic art celebrated bisexualism and transgender role-playing. The traditions live on in the Takarazuka Review, which features women performers in dress suits playing men, and in Kabuki theatre.
食肉者为此感到厌恶，叹着气，但是，或许食草就是旧传统的最新显露吧？日本文化，长期以来，有很强的两性同体的色彩。德川时代戏剧中男人扮演女人，女人装扮成男人，色情艺术赞颂两性同体，超性别角色扮演。这个传统在宝塚歌剧团保留着，女演员演绎男性；歌舞伎表演中也如此。
The common element between the Tokugawa era and today, says Osaka-based philosopher Masahiro Morioka, is peace. "Japan has been free from any form of conflict since the Second World War, and that has liberated men from the need to be manly."
居住在大阪的哲学家森冈正博说，德川年代与今天的共同点是和平。“二战以来，日本远离纷争，这使男人不必‘男人’。”
Not that he or anyone else is advocating a return to war to give men back their symbolic cojones. "I think the changes among men are mostly healthy and are here to stay," says Ms Ushikubo. "Men are nicer to the women in their lives and happier with themselves." What can be bad about that?
这不是倡导返回战争，让男人重拾暴力的男人气质。牛洼惠女士说：“我认为男人的转变大部分是健康的，被普遍接受的。生活中男人对女人更和善了，自身感到更幸福了。”那么，何患之有呢？ 现在的男人是美发、美容、美甲、装饰产品的主要购买者。总部设在东京的一家名为“希望空间”的公司卖男式文胸，其中有专供中年白领男式使用的文胸。
恶寒~~~~~~~~~~~男人用文胸~~~~~~~~~~ 是不是跟“metrosexual”一个意思？ 无聊的小鬼子 某种意义上讲，日本整个民族的心理状态是很极端的，不是极阳就是极阴。这与他们没有完整的哲学系统有关。 什么啊！不就是唯美现在自称的宅男吗 ！！只是没那么严重！！
这就是所谓的“草食男”
淡定淡定o3O89) 别光笑话日本，貌似国内这样的食草男也不少了。 日本在挑动军国主义，又想挑起战争，我们要小心了！ 让日本的男人全部被阉割吧 这样的日本男人太少,多些我就放心了. 是不是跟“metrosexual”一个意思？
shimo1989 发表于 2009-7-18 06:03 http://bbs.m4.cn/images/common/back.gif
我觉得不是。。。“食草男”和小贝之间应该不能划等号吧o054) 我们这里也还不是正向那个趋势走吗 对，我们好像也在进行，只是进程好像没有日本快。
男士文胸，那是什么东西！ 我欲学古风，重振雄豪气。名声同粪土，不屑仁者讥。
身佩削铁剑，一怒即杀人。割股相下酒，谈笑鬼神惊。
千里杀仇人，愿费十周星。专诸田光俦，与结冥冥情。
朝出西门去，暮提人头回。神倦唯思睡，战号蓦然吹。
西门别母去，母悲儿不悲。身许汗青事，男儿长不归。
杀斗天地间，惨烈惊阴庭。三步杀一人，心停手不停。
血流万里浪，尸枕千寻山。壮士征战罢，倦枕敌尸眠。
梦中犹杀人，笑靥映素辉。女儿莫相问，男儿凶何甚？
古来圣贤专害人，道义从来无一真。
君不见，狮虎猎物获威名，可怜麋鹿有谁怜？世间从来强食弱，纵是有理也枉然．
君休问，男儿自有男儿行。男儿行，当暴戾。事与仁，两不立。
男儿事在杀斗场，胆似熊罴目如狼。生若为男即杀人，不教男躯裹女心。 日本人....越活越极端了
有几位说的对,咱们这里也有男孩子学着日本人搔首弄姿了,真是.........
幸好这种人不多,还是可以抑制的~~~ 在自然界都是雄性动物比雌性动物好看，到了人是列外。看来日本人终于回归自然了。呵呵呵 从兽到人，从人到兽，非常符合日本人的进化规律。 日本人比较喜欢创新 这是美国人长期占领下的反战洗脑的结果，所以才会有另一种极端的否认二战罪行的极右翼，德国没有这种情况，自然对二战的态度和日本不一样 其实很多在日本90年代爆发的社会现象在中国越来越多的出现，逐渐为社会更多的人群所接受。中国社会在经济上迟早也会进入平稳甚至倒退的时期。大家好好想想吧，也许就可能发生在我们的孩子身上。大部分中国人已经没有信仰。如果对金钱的“信仰”消失，社会将会走向何处，我们拭目以待吧。
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