【08.05 美国《雷达》】最后的围捕（三）

dakelv

【题目】The Last Roundup  最后的围捕 （三）
【来源】《雷达》杂志
【链接】http://www.radaronline.com/from- ... n_core_01-print.php
【素材提供】Nicolle
【翻译】dakelv
【翻译方式】人工
【声明】此译文版权归Anti-CNN和译者共同拥有，转载请注明出处和译者。

【原文（3）】

A host of publicly disclosed programs, sources say, now supply data to Main Core. Most notable are the NSA domestic surveillance programs, initiated in the wake of 9/11, typically referred to in press reports as "warrantless wiretapping."

In March, a front-page article in the Wall Street Journal shed further light onto the extraordinarily invasive scope of the NSA efforts: According to the Journal, the government can now electronically monitor "huge volumes of records of domestic e-mails and Internet searches, as well as bank transfers, credit card transactions, travel, and telephone records." Authorities employ "sophisticated software programs" to sift through the data, searching for "suspicious patterns." In effect, the program is a mass catalog of the private lives of Americans. And it's notable that the article hints at the possibility of programs like Main Core. "The [NSA] effort also ties into data from an ad-hoc collection of so-called black programs whose existence is undisclosed," the Journal reported, quoting unnamed officials. "Many of the programs in various agencies began years before the 9/11 attacks but have since been given greater reach."


The following information seems to be fair game for collection without a warrant: the e-mail addresses you send to and receive from, and the subject lines of those messages; the phone numbers you dial, the numbers that dial in to your line, and the durations of the calls; the Internet sites you visit and the keywords in your Web searches; the destinations of the airline tickets you buy; the amounts and locations of your ATM withdrawals; and the goods and services you purchase on credit cards. All of this information is archived on government supercomputers and, according to sources, also fed into the Main Core database.


Main Core also allegedly draws on four smaller databases that, in turn, cull from federal, state, and local "intelligence" reports; print and broadcast media; financial records; "commercial databases"; and unidentified "private sector entities." Additional information comes from a database known as the Terrorist Identities Datamart Environment, which generates watch lists from the Office of the Director of National Intelligence for use by airlines, law enforcement, and border posts. According to the Washington Post, the Terrorist Identities list has quadrupled in size between 2003 and 2007 to include about 435,000 names. The FBI's Terrorist Screening Center border crossing list, which listed 755,000 persons as of fall 2007, grows by 200,000 names a year. A former NSA officer tells Radar that the Treasury Department's Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, using an electronic-funds transfer surveillance program, also contributes data to Main Core, as does a Pentagon program that was created in 2002 to monitor antiwar protesters and environmental activists such as Greenpeace.


If previous FEMA and FBI lists are any indication, the Main Core database includes dissidents and activists of various stripes, political and tax protesters, lawyers and professors, publishers and journalists, gun owners, illegal aliens, foreign nationals, and a great many other harmless, average people.


A veteran CIA intelligence analyst who maintains active high-level clearances and serves as an advisor to the Department of Defense in the field of emerging technology tells Radar that during the 2004 hospital room drama, James Comey expressed concern over how this secret database was being used "to accumulate otherwise private data on non-targeted U.S. citizens for use at a future time." Though not specifically familiar with the name Main Core, he adds, "What was being requested of Comey for legal approval was exactly what a Main Core story would be." A source regularly briefed by people inside the intelligence community adds: "Comey had discovered that President Bush had authorized NSA to use a highly classified and compartmentalized Continuity of Government database on Americans in computerized searches of its domestic intercepts. [Comey] had concluded that the use of that 'Main Core' database compromised the legality of the overall NSA domestic surveillance project."


If Main Core does exist, says Philip Giraldi, a former CIA counterterrorism officer and an outspoken critic of the agency, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is its likely home. "If a master list is being compiled, it would have to be in a place where there are no legal issues"—the CIA and FBI would be restricted by oversight and accountability laws—"so I suspect it is at DHS, which as far as I know operates with no such restraints." Giraldi notes that DHS already maintains a central list of suspected terrorists and has been freely adding people who pose no reasonable threat to domestic security. "It's clear that DHS has the mandate for controlling and owning master lists. The process is not transparent, and the criteria for getting on the list are not clear." Giraldi continues, "I am certain that the content of such a master list [as Main Core] would not be carefully vetted, and there would be many names on it for many reasons—quite likely including the two of us."

[ 本帖最后由 dakelv 于 2008-10-29 13:03 编辑 ]

dakelv

【译文（3）】


（人群控制：911发生后的下午，纽约人步行回家。）

消息来源说，很多公开的项目现在都向 “主核” 提供数据。其中值得一提的是国家安全局的国内监控项目。这个项目起始于911以后，在新闻报道中经常被称为“不需授权的监听计划。”

三月份，《华尔街日报》的一篇头版文章再次向人们披露了国家安全局的工作范围具有如何惊人的侵犯性。据《华尔街日报》报道，政府现在可以电子监控“大量国内电邮和网络搜索记录，以及银行转帐记录、信用卡交易记录、旅行以及电话记录。” 官方使用 “复杂的软件程序”对数据进行甄别，并寻找“可疑的规律。”事实上，这个项目本身就是一个美国人私生活的巨大的目录。值得一提的是，这篇文章暗示了类似“主核”这种计划的可能性。《华尔街日报》援引一个没有透露姓名的官员的话说，“[国家安全部的]行动还与来自一个所谓的“黑程序”的特别数据搜集有关系，而这个数据搜集的范围还不清楚”，“很多部门的很多项目在911前的好多年就已经开始了，但是911后它们的触角越来越长。

在没有授权的情况下搜集下列这些信息看起来是说的过去的，这些信息包括：电邮发件人和收件人的地址以及这些邮件的标题；你所拨打的电话号码，你所接听过的电话号码以及通话时长；你所访问过的因特网地址以及你输入过的搜索关键词；你买的飞机票的目的地；你在银行自动取款机里取钱的数目以及地点，还有你通过信用开购买的服务和商品。所有这些信息都存在政府的超级计算机里，而且据消息来源说，这些信息同时也被输入到了 “主核” 里。

据说，“主核”还从四个小的数据库中获取数据，而这四个数据库又从联邦、州，以及地方“情报”汇报中提取数据。另外，“主核”还从印刷以及广播传媒、财政记录、“商业数据库”以及不知名的“私有实体”获得数据。其他的信息来自于一个“恐怖分子身份数据市场环境”，它从国家情报局主任办公室的文件中提取警戒名单，供航空公司、执法部门和边防哨所使用。到2007年秋天为止，联邦调查局恐怖分子审查中心的过境者名单里列有75万5千人，此后每一年，这个名单里的名字就增加20万个。一个前国家安全局官员告诉《雷达》杂志，财政部金融犯罪执法网络利用一个电子资金转账监视系统向“主核”提供数据，另外，五角大楼于2002年创建的一个监视反战抗议者和环境活跃分子（比如绿色和平组织）的项目也向 “主核” 输送数据。


（你被监控了：从你昨晚的电子邮件和旅行计划到电话记录和金融交易，政府对你都很感兴趣 -- 而且很可能把你当成潜在的公敌。）


如果美国联邦紧急事务管理局和联邦调查局的以往的名单只是说明了一种迹象，那么看看 “主核” 的数据库都包括了什么： 不同政见者和各种各样的活跃分子、政治和税收抗议者、律师和教授、出版商和记者、枪支拥有者、违法的外国人、外国人，还有很多其他没有危险的普通人。


一个一直保持高级安全级别的中情局资深情报分析员，而且曾任国防部新兴技术顾问的人告诉《雷达》杂志，在2004年医院病房事件中，詹姆斯·戈美担心这个秘密的数据库可能会被用来“搜集目前并非目标人的美国公民的私人信息已备将来之用”。虽然他对“主核”这个名字不熟悉，他接着说，“他们要求戈美从法律上给予批准的东西很可能就是‘主核’。”一个经常接受来自情报圈简报的消息来源说，“戈美发现布什总统已经授权国家安全局使用一个保密级别很高的而且已经过划分的来自于“继续执政”计划的数据库，对其国内监听内容进行计算机搜索。[戈美]相信使用“主核”数据库有损于国家安全部的国内监控项目的总体合法性。”

如果“主核”确实存在，菲利普·吉拉蒂说，那么国土安全部就是它的老家。吉拉蒂是前中情局反恐官员，而且一直是中情局的坦率批评者。“如果需要编辑一个总的名单，那么地点必须是一个不会有法律上的麻烦的地方” -- 中情局和联邦调查局受有关渎职和问责方面的法律的限制 --“所以我怀疑这个地方就是国土安全部，据我所知，这个部门的运转不受这些法律的限制。”吉拉蒂说国土安全部已经有一个恐怖分子嫌疑人的总名单，而且一直随心所欲地把对国家安全不造成任何威胁的人也加到名单上去。“非常清楚，国土安全部有控制和拥有这个总名单的权利。这个过程是不透明的，而且登上这个名单的标准也不清楚，”吉拉蒂接着说。“我肯定, [作为'主核'],这个主名单的内容是不经审查的，而且出于各种原因，很多名字会出现在这个名单里 -- 很有可能你我都榜上有名。”

【下期预告】

“看起来要动真格的了。”

[ 本帖最后由 dakelv 于 2008-10-29 13:06 编辑 ]

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