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【原文标题】The Chinese Socialist Marketing System
【中文标题】中国社会主义市场经济制度
【登载媒体】网站www.opednews.com
【来源地址】http://www.opednews.com/articles/The-Chinese-Socialist-Mark-by-E-David-Ferriman-090116-826.html
【翻译】shaoboss
【原文】
As the People’s Republic of China privatizes companies, there is the illusion that the country is transforming from a communist state to a more capitalist society, like the United States. The reality is dangerously different. The “Socialist Market System” (SMS), as the Chinese call it, is very much what the name implies: a socialist system.
While there are industries with private ownership in China, they are “secondary and service industries,” according to economist Dr. Pat Choate. The key strategic industries are still controlled by the Chinese government, and they keep a heavy hand on the so-called private ownership in their country. This results based system is likely a key reason The World Fact Book listed China as having the world’s largest trade surplus in 2007.
China undermines the World Trade Organization (WTO), keeping the U.S. at a grave disadvantage. Chinese nationalism seems to place the world economy at risk by abusing the ideals of “free trade.” In August, China created a “Green Tax” after the WTO ruled that their 25 percent tariff on imported cars and car parts had to stop. To offset this ruling, the Chinese government issued a tax on cars with engine capacities over 3 liters, while reducing the tax on engines consuming 1 liter or less. Since Chinese made vehicles are built with a 2 liter capacity or less, the tax favors Chinese built parts and vehicles and harms all exporters to China, including the U.S. The Chinese government claims the tax was strictly an eco-friendly effort, but this is hard to believe coming from a country with such lax environmental policies.
This type of deception is not new. When Congress attempts to compensate for unfair subsidies, China files complaints against us with the WTO. The U.S. is left on the short end of the stick both at home and abroad. If the U.S. is only buying imports, without selling exports, we lose. The World Fact Book listed the United States as having the world’s largest balance of trade deficit in 2007, by way of an estimated $731 million. The estimated deficit for 2008 is over $800 billion.
Last year’s numbers speak for themselves, the U.S. needs to export more than we import. We will never be able to accomplish this goal locked in un-fair trade agreements, like the WTO. Exports mean good jobs, industry and manufacturing, and U.S. wealth. Imports mean dead-end jobs at places like Wal-Mart as we watch our money get shipped overseas.
China is now defeating us by using the mercantilist policies the United States used until the 1930s. They are using a results based system as their one national party looks out for the betterment of China, rather than a two party system battling for their own interests. China realizes what the U.S. used to know: industry is key to national security.
China has fine-tuned its economy to compete. By regulating foreign investment, the Chinese government limits investors and maintains tight control. This gives China funding and expert direction, yet they lose no ground. It is the opposite in the open market system the United States, which allows a massive liquidation of our wealth producing companies to foreign nations like China.
Though the U.S. should avoid socialism, this is an example our leaders should learn from. If we are ever to regain ground in global trade we must be able to compete with other countries. One solution would be lowering U.S. wages to allow domestic companies to charge less. However, this solution is flawed, as Americans are already living in debt and can no longer afford the high prices of food or gasoline (prices have fallen, but are on the rise again). Currently, the cost of living is going as the job market continues to fall.
Henry Ford knew what he was doing when he priced his automobiles at a level his workers could afford. He created a market, and put the money he spent on labor right back into his own pocket. This is the type of foresight American companies and government need today.
Consumers are smart enough to look for the best deal for them now. They cannot be expected to buy American products in an effort to help our economy if prices are too high. This would just increase our already escalating private debt. To be truly competitive, shoppers must be encouraged to buy domestically as they are in China: with higher prices on foreign imports.
Free trade allows countries to bring their cheaply made goods into the country at minimum costs. By importing goods and charging less, sometimes even below production cost, these companies can target and eliminate American competition one by one. We need to enact protective tariffs that will allow U.S. manufacturers to compete with China and other nations' low wage workforce and lax pollution regulations. Our lack of tariffs forces American corporations to outsource everything from manufacturing to phone support; even our IT, art and animation. Too many American jobs are outsourced to countries like India, China and Mexico. This means that China imports even more products into the U.S. under American brand names and we in turn export even more of our cash back to them.
The United States has worked hard to get where we are only to lose everything in a few decades. We need to compete in the global trade competition. As we stand right now we are losing. Rather than lower our standards on living, food, and environmental protection we must get out of free trade agreements and organisations so we can create fair trade conditions that protect our ability to compete. Then will we be able to re-instate tariffs and bring our jobs back fairly- through competition. Only when the prices and products are competitive can everyone, in every country, truly win.
【中文】
因为中国正在推行企业的私有化，就有许多人认为中国正在从一个社会主义国家转变为资本主义国家，如同美国。事实恰好相反。中国的社会主义市场经济就像名称所示还是一种社会主义制度。
经济学家帕特.乔特博士对此评价道：“中国的私有企业大多集中于第二产业和服务业。”中国的战略性行业都处于政府的控制中。他们对民营企业实行高压政策。这种行业特色帮助中国成为2007年贸易顺差最大的国家。
中国正在逐步消弱WTO的作用，将美国处于极其不利的地位。中国的国有化经济打着自由贸易的旗号来损害世界经济。八月份，中国对进口货物增加了一个新纳税项目----环保税。这项决定是在世贸组织裁定中国停止对汽车整车和配件征收25%的关税以后发生的。为弥补WTO裁定造成的损失，中国在减少1升一下排量汽车关税的同时，开始对3升以上的汽车征收环保税。这项政策对中国汽车行业非常有利。因为中国目前生产的汽车排量都在2升以下。反过来对其它国家的汽车进口造成损失。中国政府声称环保税是用来保护环境。但以中国政府历来忽视环境保护的记录，我们对此很难相信。
这种欺骗的伎俩并不新鲜。当初，美国国会曾试图给遭受不平等竞争的企业提供补贴。中国政府竟然向WTO投诉我们。美国现在在国内市场和国外市场都处于劣势。如果美国只进口而不出口，我们将一败涂地。美国是2007年贸易逆差最严重的国家，达到七亿三千一百万美元（这可能有误，我认为应该是七千三百一十亿）。2008年逆差估计会达到八千亿美元。
巨额的贸易逆差警告我们必须增加出口额，减少进口额。但在目前不平等的贸易协定中（如WTO），我们无法到达这一目标。出口将提高就业率，扩大工业和制造业发展，增加美国的财富。而进口则意味着失业人口增加。我们口袋里的钱飘向海外。
中国现在实行的重商政策和美国在上世纪30年代以前采取的措施相同。在一党专政的基础上，他们采用实用主义策略逐步发展。这样避免了不同政党争权夺利的弊端。中国的观点与以前的美国相同：工业是国家安定的基础。
中国调整了自己的经济制度来与其它国家竞争。通过控制国外投资，中国政府限制境外投资者，保持对他们的严格监控。这给中国增加了财富和经验。对此，中国没有任何损失。这种制度与美国开放的市场制度刚好相反。美国允许资本自由流动，在国外市场如中国自由投资。
亨利.福特在制定汽车价格时是根据本厂工人的承受能力来确定的。通过这种方式，他创造了一个新市场，并将投入到工人身上的成本赚了回来。这种方式正是美国企业和美国政府需要采取的。
现在的消费者非常聪明。他们会采购最为经济划算的商品。我们不能强迫他们通过购买昂贵的美国商品来帮助经济复苏。这将增加本来已经负债累累的百姓负担。为真正增加竞争力，我们应该采取中国现有的方式，对进口商品征税，以鼓励大家购买本国产品。
自由贸易允许各个国家将他们自制的廉价商品以最低成本出口到其它国家。许多公司以低于成本价的方式将产品倾销到美国市场。在美国低税负的情况下，这些廉价商品正在逐步降低美国的竞争力。我们需要征收保护性关税以使美国公司与来自中国和其它国家的企业进行竞争。缺乏关税保护使得美国公司将许多业务外包给别的国家，从生产制造到售后服务。甚至我们的IT行业，艺术和动漫产业都外包给了印度，中国，墨西哥等国家。这意味着中国向美国出售美国品牌的商品，我们还得付钱给他们。
在过去的几十年里，我们一直想夺回自己失去的一切。我们需要加强在国际上的竞争力。如果我们原地踏步，我们将失去更多。为防止我们的生活，饮食和环保水平持续下降，我们必须离开世贸组织。这样我们才能创造公平的贸易环境，保护我们的竞争力。提高关税，增加就业率。只有当我们的产品价格可以同全球所有竞争者比拼时，我们才能夺取最后的胜利。 |
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发表于 2009-1-19 00:53
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