韩国ohmynews:Happy 1st Birthday to China's Anti-CNN Web Site(作者是美国互联网专家,历史学家)

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http://english.ohmynews.com/articleview/article_view.asp?article_class=3&no=384947&rel_no=1
Happy 1st Birthday to China's Anti-CNN Web Site
Chinese netizen Web site continues to debate media distortion

Jay Hauben (jhauben)   

On March 14, 2008, Tibetan demonstrators in Lhasa the capital of the Tibet Autonomous Region in China turned violent. A Canadian tourist and the one or two foreign journalists who witnessed the situation put photos, videos and descriptions documenting the violence of the rioters against citizens and property(1) online even before the Chinese media started to report it. The Chinese media framed the story as violence against Han and Muslim Chinese fomented by the Tibetan government in exile. Much of the mainstream international media like BBC, VOA, and CNN framed the violence as the result of discriminatory Chinese rule and Chinese police brutality.

Wide anger was expressed by many Chinese aboard when they discovered that some of the media in the US, Germany, and the UK, were using photos and videos from clashes between police and pro-Tibetan independence protesters in Nepal and India to support that media's claim of violence by Chinese police. A digital slide show that contained a narrated presentation of 11 mislabeled photos inappropriate for the articles with which they appeared(2) spread widely in cyberspace in and outside China.

Within a few days of the appearance of the inaccurate reports, Rau Jin a recent university graduate launched the Anti-CNN Web site http://bbs.m4.cn. He explained that after netizen anger and discussion he wanted to "speak out our thoughts and let the westerners learn about the truth."(3) The top page of Anti-CNN featured articles, videos and photos documenting some of the alleged distortions in the coverage of the Tibet events. The Web site also had forum sections first in Chinese then also in English http://bbs.m4.cn/forum/en/. The organizers set as the goal of Anti-CNN to overcome media bias in the West by fostering communication between Chinese netizens and netizens outside of China so that the people of the world and of China could have accurate knowledge about each other. They wrote on their Web site, "We are not against the western media, but against the lies and fabricated stories in the media." Anti-CNN was chosen as the site name, one of the organizers said, "because CNN is the media superpower. It can do great damage so it must be watched and challenged when it is wrong."(4) But the site was not limited to countering errors in the reporting of CNN. It invited submissions that documented bias or countered misrepresentations of China in the global media.

Rau received hundreds of offers of help finding examples of media distortions. He gathered a team of 40 volunteers to monitor the submissions for factualness and to limit emotional threads. Posts that were name-calling or attacks on individuals or groups were to be deleted. Emotional posts were not to be allowed follow-up comments. Forum discussions were started on "Western Media Bias," "The Facts of Tibet" and "Modern China." In the first five days the site attracted 200,000 visits many from outside of China. Over time serious threads contained debates between Han Chinese and both Westerners and Tibetan and Uyghur Chinese trying to show each other who they were and where they differ or where they agree.

On Anti-CNN in answer to the exposure of the Western media practice, many visitors from outside China posted their criticism of Chinese government media censorship. In their responses to such criticism, some Chinese acknowledged such censorship but argued it was easy to circumnavigate, that all societies have their systems of bias or censorship and that netizens everywhere must dare to think for themselves and get information from many sources. One netizen with the alias kylin wrote, "I can say free media works the same way as less-free media. So what's most important? The people I'd say---. . . If people dare to doubt, dare to think own (sic) their own, do not take whatever comes to them, then we'll have a clear mind, not easily be fooled. I can say, if such people exist, then should be Chinese.... the least likely to be brainwashed, when have suffered from all those incidents, cultural revolution, plus a whole long history with all kinds of tricks."(5)

Some analysis of Anti-CNN in the Western media criticized it as a form of nationalism(6) or of being somehow connected with the Chinese government. The Chinese government and Anti-CNN organizers deny any connection with each other and no verifiable evidence of such a connection has been produced. There are often expressions of nationalist emotions in Chinese cyberspace, for example calls for boycotting Japanese and French products. After the riot in Lhasa and the Chinese government and media blamed the Dalai Lama and "splitists" there was an upsurge of nationalist defense of China including on Anti-CNN. The moderators on Anti-CNN and netizens in general however are opponents of nationalism arguing that it is a form of emotionalism and needs to be countered by rational discourse and the presentation of facts and an airing of all opinions. The moderators often answered Chinese nationalists with admonitions to "calm down and present facts." While nationalist sentiment and love of country and anger appears often on the Anti-CNN forums, the opportunity for a dialogue across national and ethnic barriers is an expression of the internationalism characteristic of netizens.

Chinese citizens in general know that the mainstream Chinese media have a long history as a controlled and propaganda press. Since the 1990s there has been a commercialization of that media and more openness but still much of the national media has strong remnants from its past. On the other hand the mainstream international media had been widely assumed in China as a more reliable source of information about some events such as SARS and for alternative viewpoints. The widespread distribution by netizens like Mr. Rau of exposure of distortions and bias in major examples of the international mainstream media called into question for many Chinese people their positive expectation about that media. It also attracted the attention of others who questioned whether the so called Western mainstream media is any less a propaganda or political media than the Chinese mainstream media. After the framing of the war in the country of Georgia in August 2008 as the fault of Russia, a Russian netizen started a thread on Anti-CNN suggesting a Russian-Chinese alliance. He wrote, "Russian problems with the Western media are identical to Chinese problems. . . . What we need to do so that their publications about countries like China and Russia will be written in a fair tone rather than being politically motivated? I would be most happy to hear your opinion on these matters."(7)

One year later the anti-CNN Web site has become a significant news portal. It still continues the original separate forum sections in Chinese and English. And as you would expect but especially on this one year anniversary, the question of Tibet is still being debated (as you can see at http://bbs.m4.cn/forum/en/thread-3281-1-1.html) as is the question of Western media double standards (as you can see at http://bbs.m4.cn/forum/en/thread-3078-1-1.html concerning reporting about Israel and Gaza). And the Western Media still distorts what happens in China (as you can see at http://bbs.m4.cn/forum/en/viewthread.php?tid=3271).

I wish Anti-CNN a happy first birthday and many more years of international netizen debate.

Notes:

1.See for example the blog entry by Kadfly March 15, 2008 http://kadfly.blogspot.com/2008/03/lhasa-burning.html (access restricted), the report on March 15 by Al Jezeera http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zfnBVKrzX6Y and the video posted on YouTube by cali2882 on March 15, 2008
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JZLzKBvvGMg
2. Riot in Tibet: True face of western media posted by dionysos615 on YouTube on March 19, 2008
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uSQnK5FcKas&feature=related
3. Quoted in China Daily, April 2, 2008, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/chi ... ntent_6587120_2.htm
4. Interview with Anti-CNN webmaster Qi Hangting, April 19, 2008, translated from Chinese. See Ronda Hauben, "Netizens Defy Western Media Fictions of China" http://english.ohmynews.com/arti ... ?no=382523&rel_no=1
5. http://bbs.m4.cn/forum/en/thread-2316-1-1.html
6. See e.g., "Web Site Rips West's Reports on China-Tibet Conflict", by Anthony Kuhn at http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=89831099
7.http://bbs.m4.cn/forum/en/thread-2413-1-1.html

2009/03/18 오전 3:43
© 2009 Ohmynews

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美国互联网专家Jay Hauben先生简介

(2008-04-11 11:01:30)

Jay Hauben，美国哈佛大学物理学硕士，有着13年的物理学教学经验，并在亨利福特社区大学及哥伦比亚大学从事科学及网络技术工作。他撰写了《网民》一书，百科全书中计算机及计算机历史部分的5个词条也是由他编写的。他出版的著作包括传记和历史等，尤其是关于互联网和通信技术。他曾在美国及欧洲的相关会议上提交关于里克莱德(JCR Licklider，交互理论专家)和维纳（Norbert Wiener，美国数学家、控制论的创始人）传记的文章，也提交过关于细胞通讯技术、未来图书馆、互联网的历史等议题的文章。目前他致力于对欧洲互联网络，知识处理及互联网与民主之间的关系进行深入的研究分析。Jay Hauben先生是一个历史学家和记者，并任职于美国纽约的哥伦比亚大学图书馆，多次发表论文，最近还在柏林、北京、突尼斯、华盛顿的相关会议上发表演讲和文章。

===========================
Jay Hauben先生发言

Jay Hauben先生的演讲全文：

　　你好，我很高兴来到中国。我很高兴到这里来讲话，我会尽量把我的讲话缩短，我希望大家都能够一起参与进来，讨论个问题。

　　我当学生的时候，没有什么令人新奇的东西，那个时候也没有互联网。一直到1962年的时候才有一台共享的计算机，几个人一起用。我的家里人都觉得互联网这个东西是哪来的，我们能不能去追根溯源看看互联网的来源到底是什么？我们不停的去研究，收集各种各样的信息，找到最早的是1972年在华盛顿有一个会议，大会的名字叫“国际计算机交流大会”。

　　这些人都参会了，他们当时比照片上都年轻。他们发现，不同国家都有电脑，他们就琢磨能不能把全世界所有的电脑都连在一起。在1972年的时候还有一个重大历史事件，尼克松总统来华访问。当时发表了重要的外交公报，这是当时很重要的一件事。1972年为什么有这些大事件的起源，一个是刚才的大会，再一个是尼克松的访华。第三个方面有一些美国的科学家，他们摆脱了封锁到了加拿大，到了中国，访问了当时的中国计算机所。

　　当时有一个科学杂志的媒体报道说，中国计算机科学方面的活动是非常科学的。中国计算机的研究水平跟他们在美国所做的水平是差不多的，是相当的。发表的言论就是关于计算机，计算机的研究从一开始在全世界范围内都是同步发生的。德国科学家来到中国，帮助中国的教授和学生使用德国新的计算机技术。这件事情发生在1983年，德国的教授也发表了言论，也有一个翻译文件。在中国旅游一圈，德国教授和中国教授变成了非常好的朋友。他们共同说：我们一起能为德国和中国做什么？最后他们决定把德国和中国的网络连通起来。经过四年的努力，他们实现的成果就是电子邮件在德国和中国的互通。这些事例能够说明，互联网一开始就有国际性的。

　　我下面的谈话主要想讲一下互联网如何把各地不同的人们连接在一起。

　　人和电脑之间是一个伙伴的关系，人与计算机互利互化，是共生关系。这个观点是科学家在60年代左右提出来的。他的期待是有一天电子计算机连接到网络的时候，能把人们联系在一起。这是一个理想的愿景，希望有一天全世界所有人都能够通过这个网络联系在一起，进行互动。但是有一个前提，就是目前所存在一些社会的问题，还有政治的问题能够得到很好的解决。有哪些问题需要解决呢？第一个问题就是社会会以发展智能和精深资源为自身的目标吗？所有人们的想法都会以数字化的形式被记录下来，保留记录的人他们是否愿意把资源拿出来共享给大家？整个社会能不能为了保护知识产权而来抵制商业各方面的压力？
我是一个乐观的主义者，而且充满了信心，但斗争是非常艰苦的。

　　我想未来将会发生的是，当人们能够通过互联网联系在一起的时候，他们能够互相交流。在世界各地可能存在同样兴趣爱好的人，这些人有了互联网以后可以畅所欲言，而不必要受到地理位置、空间的限制。

　　总结我的发言，我觉得互联网是通过把所有人联系起来，有共同兴趣的人能够建立一个社区。当大家可以摆脱地域的限制而畅所欲言的时候，人和人之间的交流就上升到了一个新的高度。互联网的发展可能在不同的国家发展情况不一样，有的国家可能发展比较快，有的国家可能发展的稍微慢一些。但是总体上来说，互联网是一个非常新的，非常青年的行业。所以我想问同样的问题，你们是不是认为互联网只是一个美好的梦？还是我们可以预期，随着时间的发展会有更好的东西能够真正的涌现出来？我希望一会儿大家讨论的时候能针对这个问题谈一谈大家的看法。谢谢！
(来源：中国信息产业网)

baggio0351

等待翻译中..................

道行天下

喔，糖衣炮弹，审慎。。

愛國的人

对英文不是很懂

johnsonpersonal

认领此贴。。。

笔歌如恩

ls辛苦了，等你出翻译了

johnsonpersonal

已译，请LZ把作者资料发在沙发上，我已帮你占位
http://bbs.m4.cn/thread-150330-1-1.html