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本帖最后由 magicboy 于 2009-6-29 22:48 编辑
【原文标题】China tries to stop spread of HIV/AIDS among prostitutes
【中文标题】中国或在 性 行业内切断艾滋蔓延
【登载媒体】CNN
【原文链接】http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/asiapcf/06/19/china.aids.prostitutes/index.html( g#
【翻译方式】人工
【声明】本翻译供Anti-CNN使用，未经AC或译者许可，不得转载。
【原文库链接】http://anti-cnn.com/forum/cn/thread-175561-1-1.html
A woman awaits customers at a Beijing barber shop in 2008. Sex workers also ply their trade in barber shops
一个2008年在北京某理发店等待顾客的女人。性工作者们也会在理发店内进行交易。
BEIJING, China (CNN) -- A 19-year-old prostitute working in an apartment that doubles as a brothel said she has up to eight clients a day.
中国北京（CNN）--一个在被双重利用成为妓院的公寓里工作的十九岁**说，她平均每天要接待八名顾客。
Working in the southern boom city of Shenzhen, a special economic zone just north of Hong Kong, she told CNN she worries about getting AIDS, but has her own prevention measures.
她在中国南部的繁华都市深圳工作，这是一个正位于香港北部的经济特区，这个女孩告诉CNN她担心会染上艾滋，但她有自己的保护措施。
"I always use condoms or take an injection. The medicine can prevent sexually transmitted diseases," she said. "Some girls do not use prevention measures, but we don't talk about that in public.",
“我经常使用安全套或者打预防针，这种针剂可以预防通过性传播的疾病。”她这样说，“有些女孩不会采用任何防护措施，但我们从不会在公开场合谈论这个话题。”
This young woman, who would not give her name, is part of a group that Chinese and international health authorities are concerned could potentially spread HIV and AIDS in the world's most populated country, so officials have stepped up efforts to educate them about the virus and dispel misconceptions about so-called "injections" that can prevent infection.
这位不愿意透露姓名的年轻女子，是中国和国际健康机构关注在这个人口最多的国家里HIV和AIDS的潜在传播群体中的一员，因此官员们已经采取行动对她们进行病毒方面的教育，并消除所谓的“打针”可预防感染的误解。
"I think sex work is probably one of the most important factors for the potential of HIV spreading in Asia and also in China. There is no doubt about it," said Bernhard Schwartlander, UNAIDS China Country Coordinator. "One of the things that we have seen in China is that knowledge about HIV/AIDS is very low in the general population and certainly also in the sex work industry. That is a big, big problem," Schwartlander said.
“我认为性工作可能是亚洲乃至中国最重要的HIV潜在传播因素之一。这是毫无疑问的。”联合国艾滋病规划署中国办公室协调员伯恩哈德`舒沃特兰达表示。“我们在中国发现的一个现象是在总人口中关于HIV和AIDS的认识少之又少，而这现象在性工作领域也必然存在。这是一个很严重的问题” 舒沃特兰达说。
It is estimated that some 700,000 people are living with HIV in China and there are about 50,000 new infections every year, according to the Chinese government and UNAIDS. The U.N. agency believes a significant number of those new infections include sex workers.
据中国政府和联合国艾滋病规划署估计，在中国约有70万艾滋病毒携带者，并且每年新增约5万名感染者。联合国机构认为在那些新感染者里包括有大量性工作者。
Prostitution is officially illegal in China, but very loosely addressed by the government. It is estimated that there are between two and four million sex workers in China. As the country's economy has boomed, so has the sex industry, especially in prosperous cities like Shenzhen. Many clients flock there from Hong Kong which is just an hour away, some of them businessmen with money to spend.
卖淫在中国是绝对违法的，但政府在这方面的管理非常松散。据估计中国约有两百万至四百万名性工作者。随着该国经济的快速增长，性行业，尤其是在如深圳一般繁华的都市里也急剧发展。很多客人从距深圳仅有一小时路程的香港而聚集在此，有些是手上有闲钱的商人。
Condom use in China can range anywhere from about 20 percent to 80 percent, according to UNAIDS.
联合国艾滋病规划署表示，安全套可以在中国任何地方使用，使用率从百分之二十到百分之八十不等。
"There are misconceptions. People think that they can avoid HIV infections by taking a pill. People think that they are not at risk for HIV infections because they don't know anybody (who has it), because you can't see it, you can't touch it. And clearly, this is something that we have to change very rapidly," Schwartlander said.
“这里存在着一些误解。人们认为他们可以通过服用药物来避免感染艾滋。他们认为自己没有感染艾滋的风险因为他们不认识任何人（感染者），因为你看不见它，你就不会接触到它。然而很明显，这是亟待我们去改变的观点。”舒沃特兰达说。
Historically, HIV and AIDS have been taboo topics in China, another reason awareness can be so low. Prevention in the gay community has also been difficult because of traditional stigmas against homosexuality.
历史上，HIV和AIDS曾一度是中国的禁忌话题，这也是对其认识如此之低的另一大原因。由于传统上同性恋被视为一种耻辱，同性恋群体中的保护一度非常困难。
But the Chinese government is now conducting educational campaigns to inform higher risk groups, including sex workers, about how to prevent the transmission of HIV.
但现如今，中国政府正在向高危群体，包括性工作者开展关于如何组织艾滋传染的宣传战。
"After years of these campaigns, we found out through survey that condom use is constantly increasing, especially in urban areas, the condom use can reach 70 percent or even up to 80 percent," said Hao Yang, Deputy Bureau Chief of the Chinese Health Ministry's Disease Prevention and Control Bureau.
“在这些战斗开始后的几年里，我们通过调查发现安全套的使用率明显在增加，尤其是在城镇地区，其使用率可达到百分之七十甚至八十。”中国卫生部疾病预防控制局副局长郝阳介绍道。
But other areas are proving difficult. In rural parts of the country, the proportion of condom use among sex workers is less than 50 percent, Hao said.
但其他地区被证明非常艰难。在这个国家的农村地区，性工作者中的安全套使用率低于百分之五十，郝阳说。
"When we go to investigate in rural areas, the proportion of people with this knowledge (of AIDS prevention) is still very low," he said. "In addition to that, the proportion of change in their activities is also very low, which means that the condom use rate is still low."
“当我们去农村地区调查时，拥有（关于艾滋病）知识的人所占百分比仍然很低，”他说，“此外，他们行动有所改变的人所占比例也相当低，这意味着安全套使用率仍然较低。”
About one in 200 sex workers nationwide currently has HIV, Schwartlander said. But in one part of Yunnan province in the country's far southwest, seven percent of the sex workers -- or as many as 14 in every 200 -- have HIV, according to UNAIDS.
目前该国每两百名性工作者中就有一人感染艾滋，舒沃特兰达说。但根据联合国艾滋病规划署统计，在中国偏远的西南省份云南的一个地区，百分之七的性工作者—或每200名中就有14名--就感染了艾滋。
"The sex workers living in remote areas and rural areas have played an important role in AIDS spreading. We do not have a precise figure for the proportion that sex workers make up in it (the spread of AIDS), but we can say that they are making up a significant proportion," Hao said.
“在城镇和农村地区的性工作者在艾滋的传播中占有重要地位。我们没有确切数据表明性工作者促进了（艾滋传播），但我们可以肯定他们占有大量比例”郝阳说。
The government has a long-term plan to educate the general public and to strengthen intervention in the high-risk populations, particularly sex workers, Hao said.
郝阳表示，政府已经为教育普通大众和加强在高危人群，尤其是性工作者中的干预制定了一份长期计划。
When HIV initially began to spread in China, infections were concentrated among people who injected drugs, Schwartlander said. Campaigns among this group have been effective, while infections among other groups have risen.
当艾滋病最初在中国开始传播时，其感染主要集中于注射吸食毒品的人，舒沃特兰达说。在这一人群中的战斗已初见成效，然而在其他群体中的感染病例却增加了。
One of those groups, Hao said, was men having sex with men, which accounts for 5.9 percent of infections, according to the Chinese Health Ministry.
在这一群体中，郝阳说，根据中国卫生部调查显示，同性之间的性行为占全部感染群体的5.9%。
A majority of the infections are concentrated among drug users, men having sex with men, and sex workers and their clients, Schwartlander said.
主要感染者集中于吸毒人员、同性性交者和性工作者及其顾客中，舒沃特兰达说。
"Society and communities have been able to curb the spread of HIV, also in sex work, and that is what we have to do," Schwartlander said.
“社会和社区已经能够遏制艾滋传播，即使在性工作中，而这正是我们应该做的。”舒沃特兰达说。
As China's economy grows, it is likely the sex industry will as well. Current estimates show that some 30 to 50 million people are at significant risk for HIV infection, Schwartlander said.
随着中国经济的增长，性产业似乎也有增长的趋势。目前预计显示约有3千万至5千万的人群正处于感染艾滋病的重大危险之中。
"China is a society which is in quite a significant transition. There is a huge increase in disparity of income between the rich and the poor, and all these are very well-known factors that drive the sex industry forward," Schwartlander said. "Clearly, in China, I think that the sex industry is a rising industry. We will see an increase in the number of sex workers due to these factors in the future."
“中国社会正处于激变之中。贫富群体收入间的差距正急剧加大，而这些都是众所周知的促使性产业向前发展的原因。”舒沃特兰达说。“显然，在中国，我认为性产业是一个正不断发展的产业。我们将会看到由于这些因素的驱使，性工作者的数量在未来还将会进一步增加。”
A 22-year-old prostitute in Shenzhen, who did not want to give her name, said she knows the risk but needs the work.
一位不愿意透露姓名的在深圳工作的22岁**表示，她明白这些风险但她也需要这份工作。
"AIDS is the number one killer for my job. I cannot let this disease destroy my life. This is only a short-term business. I don't have any relatives in Shenzhen and can't borrow any money. I can only rely on myself."
“对于我的工作而言，艾滋是头号杀手。我不能让这个疾病毁了我的生活。这仅仅是一份短期事业。我在深圳举目无亲而且借不到一分钱。我只有靠我自己。” |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-6-29 21:37
提升卡
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千斤顶
显身卡
发表于 2009-6-30 01:54
生活所迫……需要经济上的支持、政策上的倾斜、文化上的适当教育……
