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【中文标题】华盛顿正在跟中国玩儿阴险招数 【原文标题】 Washington is Playing a Deeper Game with China 【登载媒体】Global Research.ca 作者威廉·安道尔（德国著名经济学家、著名经济分析著作《石油战争：石油政治决定世界新秩序》） 【译文】
After the tragic events of July 5 in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in China, it would be useful to look more closely into the actual role of the US Government’s ”independent“ NGO, the National Endowment for Democracy (NED). All indications are that the US Government, once more acting through its “private” Non-Governmental Organization, the NED, is massively intervening into the internal politics of China.
在7月5日中国新疆维族自治区发生的那件悲剧性事件之后，我们应该仔细的研究一下“独立”于美国政府的非政府组织（NGO）——“国家民主捐赠基金会（NED）”——的真实面目。各种迹象表明，美国政府又一次通过他“私有”的非政府组织——NED——大肆地干涉中国的内政。
The reasons for Washington’s intervention into Xinjiang affairs seems to have little to do with concerns over alleged human rights abuses by Beijing authorities against Uyghur people. It seems rather to have very much to do with the strategic geopolitical location of Xinjiang on the Eurasian landmass and its strategic importance for China’s future economic and energy cooperation with Russia, Kazakhastan and other Central Asia states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.
华盛顿对新疆事件的干预貌似与所谓的北京政府对待维族人民的人权滥用没有多大关系。反倒跟另外两件事关系密切——一是新疆在欧亚大陆上的战略性地缘政治地位，另一个，新疆对于中国将来跟俄罗斯，哈萨克斯坦还有其它上合组织的中亚成员国在经济和能源方面的合作的重要作用。
The major organization internationally calling for protests in front of Chinese embassies around the world is the Washington, D.C.-based World Uyghur Congress (WUC).
在全球范围内号召人们到中国大使馆抗议是总部位于华府的“世界维族大会（WUC）”。
The WUC manages to finance a staff, a very fancy website in English, and has a very close relation to the US Congress-funded NED. According to published reports by the NED itself, the World Uyghur Congress receives $215,000.00 annually from the National Endowment for Democracy for “human rights research and advocacy projects.” The president of the WUC is an exile Uyghur who describes herself as a “laundress turned millionaire,” Rebiya Kadeer, who also serves as president of the Washington D.C.-based Uyghur American Association, another Uyghur human rights organization which receives significant funding from the US Government via the National Endowment for Democracy.
世维会养活着一群员工，还维持着一个很炫的英文网站，它与“钱属于”美国国会的NED有着密切关系。根据NED自己公布的报告显示，它每年给WUC提供215，000美元的经费用于“人权研究和宣传项目”。WUC的主席热比娅是一个被流放的维族人，她自称自己是“从洗衣女工到百万富翁”。她还是另一个也在华府的组织的主席，这个名叫“美国维族协会（UAA）”的组织也是一个维族人权组织，同样通过NED从美国国会获取大量资金赞助。
The NED was intimately involved in financial support to various organizations behind the Lhasa “Crimson Revolution” in March 2008, as well as the Saffron Revolution in Burma/Myanmar and virtually every regime change destabilization in eastern Europe over the past years from Serbia to Georgia to Ukraine to Kyrgystan to Teheran in the aftermath of the recent elections.
NED还和躲在去年三月的拉萨的“血腥革命”背后的几个组织有着密切的资金支持关系。还有缅甸的番红花革命，事实上还有过去几年每次东欧的政权动荡，从塞尔维亚到乔治亚苏维埃社会主义共和国到乌克兰到吉尔吉斯坦再到德黑兰最近的大选余波。
Allen Weinstein, who helped draft the legislation establishing NED, was quite candid when he said in a published interview in 1991: "A lot of what we do today was done covertly 25 years ago by the CIA."
Allen Weinstein曾参与起草了NED的成立法规，1991年接受公众采访时，曾直言不讳的说：“我们今天所做的工作，很多都是25年前由CIA秘密做的。”
The NED is supposedly a private, non-government, non-profit foundation, but it receives a yearly appropriation for its international work from the US Congress. The NED money is channelled through four “core foundations”. These are the National Democratic Institute for International Affairs, linked to Obama’s Democratic Party; the International Republican Institute tied to the Republican Party; the American Center for International Labor Solidarity linked to the AFL-CIO US labor federation as well as the US State Department; and the Center for International Private Enterprise linked to the US Chamber of Commerce.
NED一般被认为是一个私营的，非政府的，无盈利性质的基金会，但凭着它在国际上所做的工作，每年都能从国会拿钱。NED获取资金的渠道有四个“核心基金”——和奥巴马的民主党关联的“美国全国国际事务民主学会”，和共和党关联的“美国国际共和会”，跟美国劳联-产联和国务院关联的“美国国际劳工团结中心”，跟美国商会关联的“国际民企中心”。
The salient question is what has the NED been actively doing that might have encouraged the unrest in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, and what is the Obama Administration policy in terms of supporting or denouncing such NED-financed intervention into sovereign politics of states which Washington deems a target for pressure? The answers must be found soon, but one major step to help clarify Washington policy under the new Obama Administration would be for a full disclosure by the NED, the US State Department and NGO’s linked to the US Government, of their involvement, if at all, in encouraging Uyghur separatism or unrest. Is it mere coincidence that the Uyghur riots take place only days following the historic meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization?
关键的问题在于NED采取了什么积极的行动助长了发生在新疆的这场动乱。NED资助了一些针对某些主权国家的干预行为，而这些国家正好被美国政府认为是威胁，那奥巴马政府对这种行为是持支持还是指责的态度呢？答案需要尽快找出来，但要想搞清楚奥巴马政府的政策，首先的一个重要步骤就是通过NED，美国国会，非政府组织与美国政府的关系来彻底揭露它们参与鼓动维族分裂主义和动乱（如果真有此事的话）的真相。维吾尔族暴乱正好发生在极具历史意义的上合组织会议的几天之后，这难道仅仅是巧合吗？
Uyghur exile organizations, China and Geopolitics
维吾尔流亡组织，中国和地缘政治
On May 18 this year, the US-government’s in-house “private” NGO, the NED, according to the official WUC website, hosted a seminal human rights conference entitled East Turkestan: 60 Years under Communist Chinese Rule, along with a curious NGO with the name, the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organisation (UNPO).
今年5月18日，WUC的官方网站说，美国政府“私有的”非政府组织——NED，与一个奇怪的叫“非联合国会员国家及民族组织（UNPO）”的非政府组织，一起举办了一个重要的人权会议题为“东突：共产主义中国统治的60年”。
The Honorary President and founder of the UNPO is one Erkin Alptekin, an exile Uyghur who founded UNPO while working for the US Information Agency’s official propaganda organization, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty as Director of their Uygur Division and Assistant Director of the Nationalities Services.
Erkin Alptekin，这个流亡的维吾尔族人创办了UNPO，当时，他在美国新闻署的官方宣传机构工作，还是自由欧洲电台/自由电台维吾尔族司的司长，助理民族事务署副署长。
Alptekin also founded the World Uyghur Congress at the same time, in 1991, while he was with the US Information Agency. The official mission of the USIA when Alptekin founded the World Uyghur Congress in 1991 was “to understand, inform, and influence foreign publics in promotion of the [USA] national interest…” Alptekin was the first president of WUC, and, according to the official WUC website, is a “close friend of the Dalai Lama.”
1991年，Alptekin在美国新闻署（USIA）工作的时候，创建了世界维族大会（WUC）。当时，USIA的职责是：“为（美国的）国家利益，去了解，教化，并影响外国公众……”Alptekin是WUC的第一人主席，WUC的官方网站还称“Alptekin是达赖的亲密友人”。
Closer examination reveals that UNPO in turn to be an American geopolitical strategist’s dream organization. It was formed, as noted, in 1991 as the Soviet Union was collapsing and most of the land area of Eurasia was in political and economic chaos. Since 2002 its Director General has been Archduke Karl von Habsburg of Austria who lists his (unrecognized by Austria or Hungary) title as “Prince Imperial of Austria and Royal Prince of Hungary.”
深究一下不难发现UNPO是美国地缘政治战略专家们眼中的完美机构。UNPO诞生于于1991年，正值苏联解体，新欧亚大陆桥的很多地区处于政治和经济的动乱当中。从2002年起，组织的总干事都是来自奥地利的Archduke Karl von Habsburg，自称是“奥地利和匈牙利的皇太子”。
Among the UNPO principles is the right to ‘self-determination’ for the 57 diverse population groups who, by some opaque process not made public, have been admitted as official UNPO members with their own distinct flags, with a total population of some 150 million peoples and headquarters in the Hague, Netherlands.
UNPO的信条之一是支持它的57个成员团体的自主权。这些团体通过一些暗箱操作成为UNPO的正式成员。它们各自拥有自己的旗帜，总数多达150，000，000人。UNPO的总部设在荷兰的海牙。
UNPO members range from Kosovo which “joined” when it was fully part of then Yugoslavia in 1991. It includes the “Aboriginals of Australia” who were listed as founding members along with Kosovo. It includes the Buffalo River Dene Nation indians of northern Canada.
科索沃在1991年完全脱离南斯拉夫时“加入”了UNPO。UNPO的成员还有“澳大利亚原住民”，他们和科索沃一起被列为UNPO的创建者。还包括加拿大北部的土著水牛河丘国（Buffalo River Dene Nation）。
The select UNPO members also include Tibet which is listed as a founding member. It also includes other explosive geopolitical areas as the Crimean Tartars, the Greek Minority in Romania, the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (in Russia), the Democratic Movement of Burma, and the gulf enclave adjacent to Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and which just happens to hold rights to some of the world’s largest offshore oil fields leased to Condi Rice’s old firm, Chevron Oil. Further geopolitical hotspots which have been granted elite recognition by the UNPO membership include the large section of northern Iran which designates itself as Southern Azerbaijan, as well as something that calls itself Iranian Kurdistan.
UNPO的成员还包括同为创始成员的西藏。此外，该组织还吸纳了包括克里米亚鞑靼、罗马境内的希腊人、车臣（俄罗斯）、缅甸民主运动、安哥拉的海湾地区和刚果民主共和国这些地缘政治的热点区域为其成员。刚果民主共和国拥有世界上最大的临岸油田的所有权，这些油田已经转租给康迪·赖斯曾就职的雪佛兰石油公司。此外，被UNPO纳为会员的地缘政治热点地区还包括自称为南阿塞拜疆和伊朗库尔德斯坦的伊朗北部的大部分地区。
In April 2008 according to the website of the UNPO, the US Congress’ NED sponsored a “leadership training” seminar for the World Uyghur Congress (WUC) together with the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization. Over 50 Uyghurs from around the world together with prominent academics, government representatives and members of the civil society gathered in Berlin Germany to discuss “Self-Determination under International Law.” What they discussed privately is not known. Rebiya Kadeer gave the keynote address.
2008年4月，世维会网站透露，隶属于美国国会的NED和UNPO一起出钱帮世维会办了一场“领导才能培训”的交流会。来自世界各地的50个维族人，还有著名学者，政府代表，民间团体的成员聚集在德国柏林，一起探讨了“国际法下的自主权”。她们的讨论内容对外保密，热比娅会上发表了主题演讲。
The suspicious timing of the Xinjiang riots
新疆暴乱的可疑时机
The current outbreak of riots and unrest in Urumqi, the capital of Xinjiang in the northwest part of China, exploded on July 5 local time.
这次发生在中国乌鲁木齐的暴乱，爆发于当地时间7月5日。
According to the website of the World Uyghur Congress, the “trigger” for the riots was an alleged violent attack on June 26 in China’s southern Guangdong Province at a toy factory where the WUC alleges that Han Chinese workers attacked and beat to death two Uyghur workers for allegedly raping or sexually molesting two Han Chinese women workers in the factory. On July 1, the Munich arm of the WUC issued a worldwide call for protest demonstrations against Chinese embassies and consulates for the alleged Guangdong attack, despite the fact they admitted the details of the incident were unsubstantiated and filled with allegations and dubious reports.
世维会的网站称，引发暴乱的原因是传言6月26日在广东省的一家玩具厂发生的一起暴力袭击事件。世维会宣称汉族工人袭击并殴打两名维族工人致死，这两名工人涉嫌强奸并骚扰两个同厂的汉族女工。7月1日，世维会在全球范围内号召就所谓的广东事件向中国大使馆，领事馆抗议。尽管他们也承认事件的细节还有待证实，自始至终只有一些证据不足的陈述和含糊不清的报道。
According to a press release they issued, it was that June 26 alleged attack that gave the WUC the grounds to issue their worldwide call to action.
世维会的新闻发布会称，6月26日那起不明真相的袭击事件是他们号召全球行动的原因。
On July 5, a Sunday in Xinjiang but still the USA Independence Day, July 4, in Washington, the WUC in Washington claimed that Han Chinese armed soldiers seized any Uyghur they found on the streets and according to official Chinese news reports, widespread riots and burning of cars along the streets of Urumqi broke out resulting over the following three days in over 140 deaths.
7月5日，新疆时间是周日，美国时间仍是7月4日“独立日”。世维会声称汉族武装士兵逮捕街上所有的维族人。根据中国的官方报道，在乌鲁木齐发生了大规模的暴乱，街上的汽车遭到焚烧，接下来的三天里，暴乱导致140人死亡。
China’s official Xinhua News Agency said that protesters from the Uighur Muslim ethnic minority group began attacking ethnic Han pedestrians, burning vehicles and attacking buses with batons and rocks. "They took to the street...carrying knives, wooden batons, bricks and stones," they cited an eyewitness as saying. The French AFP news agency quoted Alim Seytoff, general secretary of the Uighur American Association in Washington, that according to his information, police had begun shooting "indiscriminately" at protesting crowds.
中国的官方媒体新华社报道，维族穆斯林抗议者们开始袭击汉族行人，焚烧机动车辆，用木棒和石块袭击公交车。他们引用一位目击者的话说：“他们（抗议者）走上街头……（手里）拿着刀，木棒，棍子和石头”。法新社援引华盛顿的美国维吾尔族协会（UAA）秘书长Alim Seytoff的话说，据他所知，警察“不分青红皂白地”向游行群众设计。
Two different versions of the same events: The Chinese government and pictures of the riots indicate it was Uyghur riot and attacks on Han Chinese residents that resulted in deaths and destruction. French official reports put the blame on Chinese police “shooting indiscriminately.” Significantly, the French AFP report relies on the NED-funded Uyghur American Association of Rebiya Kadeer for its information. The reader should judge if the AFP account might be motivated by a US geopolitical agenda, a deeper game from the Obama Administration towards China’s economic future.
同一件事情，两个不同的版本：中国政府的报道和暴乱的图片都显示维族人袭击了汉族居民且导致了死亡事件和破坏。法国官方报道却谴责中国警察“不分青红皂白地射击”上。值得注意的是，法新社的报道是基于国家民主捐赠基金会（NED）自主的，热比娅的UAA的信息。读者应该认真思索并判断一下，法新社的报道是否受美国地缘政治议程，这个议程是奥巴马政府针对中国未来的经济耍的阴险招数。
Is it merely coincidence that the riots in Xinjiang by Uyghur organizations broke out only days after the meeting took place in Yakaterinburg, Russia of the member nations of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, as well as Iran as official observer guest, represented by President Ahmadinejad?
上合组织在俄罗斯叶卡捷琳堡举行了峰会，与会的还有代表观察员国伊朗的伊朗总统艾哈迈迪-内贾德，仅仅几天之后就发上了一场又维吾尔组织发动的暴乱，这难道仅仅是巧合吗？
Over the past few years, in the face of what is seen as an increasingly hostile and incalculable United States foreign policy, the major nations of Eurasia—China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan have increasingly sought ways of direct and more effective cooperation in economic as well as security areas. In addition, formal Observer status within SCO has been given to Iran, Pakistan, India and Mongolia. The SCO defense ministers are in regular and growing consultation on mutual defense needs, as NATO and the US military command continue provocatively to expand across the region wherever it can.
在过去几年中，面对美国充满敌意的数不清的对外政策，欧亚主要国家——中国，俄罗斯，哈萨克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦、塔吉克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦也在积极寻找更加直接和有效的方法来进行经济和安全方面的相互合作。另外，伊朗，巴基斯坦，印度和蒙古也已成为上合正式的观察员国。随着北大西洋公约组织（NATO）和美国军方挑衅性地肆意扩大他们的地盘，上合成员国的国防部长定期且逐渐频繁地就双边的防务需要进行磋商。
The Strategic Importance of Xinjiang for Eurasian Energy Infrastructure
新疆对于欧亚能源架构的战略重要性
There is another reason for the nations of the SCO, a vital national security element, to having peace and stability in China’s Xinjiang region. Some of China’s most important oil and gas pipeline routes pass directly through Xinjiang province. Energy relations between Kazkhstan and China are of enormous strategic importance for both countries, and allow China to become less dependent on oil supply sources that can be cut off by possible US interdiction should relations deteriorate to such a point.
基于国家安全需要，上海合作组织维护中国新疆地区的和平与稳定还有一个理由。中国一些最重要的石油和天然气管道都经过新疆自治区。中国与哈萨克斯坦的能源合作对双方具有至关重要的战略意义。可以使中国减少对现有石油供应的依赖，中美两国关系一旦恶化，这些大都由美国控制的资源就面临着被美国切断的危险。
Kazak President Nursultan Nazarbayev paid a State visit in April 2009 to Beijing. The talks concerned deepening economic cooperation, above all in the energy area, where Kazkhastan holds huge reserves of oil and likely as well of natural gas. After the talks in Beijing, Chinese media carried articles with such titles as “"Kazakhstani oil to fill in the Great Chinese pipe."
哈萨克斯坦总统努尔苏丹 纳扎尔巴耶夫于2009年4月到达北京进行国事访问。谈话涉及深化两国的经济合作，着重在能源领域。哈国拥有大量的石油和天然气储备。北京会谈之后，中方媒体发表题为“哈石油将输往中国”的报道。
The Atasu-Alashankou pipeline to be completed in 2009 will provide transportation of transit gas to China via Xinjiang. As well Chinese energy companies are involved in construction of a Zhanazholskiy gas processing plant, Pavlodar electrolyze plant and Moynakskaya hydro electric station in Kazakhstan.
Atasu-Alashankou 的管道将于09年竣工，届时将经过新疆自治区为中国提供天然气。此外，中国能源公司还在哈萨克斯坦参与建设了Zhanazholskiy天然气处理厂，巴普洛达尔的电解厂，以及Moynakskaya水电站。
According to the US Government’s Energy Information Administration, Kazakhstan’s Kashagan field is the largest oil field outside the Middle East and the fifth largest in the world in terms of reserves, located off the northern shore of the Caspian Sea, near the city of Atyrau. China has built a 613-mile-long pipeline from Atasu, in northwestern Kazakhstan, to Alashankou at the border of China's Xinjiang region which is exporting Caspian oil to China. PetroChina’s ChinaOil is the exclusive buyer of the crude oil on the Chinese side. The pipeline is a joint venture of CNPC and Kaztransoil of Kazkhstan. Some 85,000 bbl/d of Kazakh crude oil flowed through the pipeline during 2007. China’s CNPC is also involved in other major energy projects with Kazkhstan. They all traverse China’s Xinjiang region.
美国能源信息部透露，哈萨克斯坦的Kashagan油田位于里海北岸，临近Atyrau市，是中东地区以外最大的油田，石油储量居世界第五。中国已经建成了从哈萨克斯坦西北部的Atasu道中国新疆边境Alashankou的长达613英里的管道。中石油是哈国输往中国原油的唯一买家。该管道由中国石油天然气集团公司与哈萨克斯坦Kaztransoil合作经营。2007年，85,000bbl/d的原油从该管道流入中国。中国石油天然气集团还与哈国有其他重要能源项目的合作。所有的项目都经过新疆地区。
In 2007 CNPC signed an agreement to invest more than $2 billion to construct a natural gas pipeline from Turkmenistan through Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan to China. That pipeline would start at Gedaim on the border of Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan and extend 1,100 miles through Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan to Khorgos in China's Xinjiang region. Turkmenistan and China have signed a 30-year supply agreement for the gas that would fill the pipeline. CNPC has set up two entities to oversee the Turkmen upstream project and the development of a second pipeline that will cross China from the Xinjiang region to southeast China at a cost of some $7 billion.
2007年，中国石油天然气集团签约投资20多亿美元用于建设从土库曼斯坦经过乌兹别克斯坦和哈萨克斯坦到中国的天然气管道。该管道始于土库曼斯坦和乌兹别克斯坦边境上的Gedaim，绵延1100英里直达新疆的霍尔果斯。土库曼斯坦跟中国签订了30年的这条管道的石油供应合同。中国石油天然气集团成立了两个专门机构用以监督土库曼斯坦的项目，还有另一个途径新疆知直到中国东南部的石油管道建设，此项目投资达70亿美元。
As well, Russia and China are discussing major natural gas pipelines from eastern Siberia through Xinjiang into China. Eastern Siberia contains around 135 Trillion cubic feet of proven plus probable natural gas reserves. The Kovykta natural gas field could give China with natural gas in the next decade via a proposed pipeline.
此外，俄罗斯和中国正在讨论铺建从东西伯利亚经新疆到达中国的大型天然气管道。东西伯利亚已探明的天然气储备高达135兆立方英尺。Kovykta天然气田可以通过管道在未来十年间为中国提供天然气。
During the current global economic crisis, Kazakhstan received a major credit from China of $10 billion, half of which is for oil and gas sector. The oil pipeline Atasu-Alashankou and the gas pipeline China-Central Asia, are an instrument of strategic 'linkage' of central Asian countries to the economy China. That Eurasian cohesion from Russia to China across Central Asian countries is the geopolitical cohesion Washington most fears. While they would never say so, growing instability in Xinjiang would be an ideal way for Washington to weaken that growing cohesion of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization nations.
在当今全球经济危机的背景下，哈萨克斯坦从中国获得了100亿美元的贷款，其中有一半为中国换来了石油和天然气领域的合作。Atasu-Alashankou石油管道和中国-中亚天然气管道是战略上将中国经济与中亚诸国的连接起来的纽带。美国最怕的就是形成从俄罗斯到中亚再到中国的欧亚地缘政治凝聚力。尽管他们不会直接承认，但是，新疆地区的不稳定会是华盛顿遏制上合组织不断增强的凝聚力的理想途径。
【译者小注】文章so长，翻译得十分粗糙，不把英文放上来怕有些地方翻错了不容易被发现，所以就把地板占了，不好意思啦~如果耐着性子看完了，那看管您绝对是个能干大事的人！！呵呵O(∩_∩)O~ 希望大家能帮忙提出宝贵滴建议噢~ |
版主PS：帮编译把地板上的也搬上来吧 |
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发表于 2009-9-13 20:50
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发表于 2009-9-13 20:50
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