【原文标题】The Making of Modern China
【译文标题】新中国大事记
【登载媒体】时代杂志
【原文链接】http://www.time.com/time/photogallery/0,29307,1924825,00.html
【译者】满仓
As the People's Republic of China gets ready to celebrate its 60th anniversary on Oct. 1, 2009, a look back at the watershed moments that helped make the nation what it is today
中华人民共和国正准备在2009年10月1日庆祝建国60周年纪念日，对新中国一些历史转折性时刻的回顾让我们可以了解中国现在的状况是如何形成的。
1949: The People's Republic Is Born
Mao Zedong declares the founding of the People's Republic of China on Oct. 1 in Beijing's Tiananmen Square.
1949：共和国诞生
10月1日，毛泽东在北京天安门广场宣布中华人民共和国成立。
1958: A "Great Leap Forward"
Employees of the Shin Chiao Hotel in Beijing build a rudimentary smelting steel furnace in the hotel courtyard in October. The Great Leap Forward, a scheme for mass industralization and collectivized farming designed as a Five-Year Plan from 1958 to 1963, was abandoned early after it led to widespread famine and the deaths of millions.
1958：“大跃进”
北京西郊宾馆的员工在10月份在宾馆院子里修建了一个土制的炼钢炉。大跃进，这个始于1958年旨在大规模工业化和农业公有制的5年发展计划，在造成了大规模饥荒和上百万人丧生的结果后被放弃了。
1959: The Dalai Lama Flees Tibet
Tibetan leader the Dalai Lama, sixth from left, rests with members of an escape party who protected him during his flight across the Himalayas to exile. The Dalai Lama left the Tibetan capital, Lhasa, on the night of March 17 after a failed Tibetan uprising against Chinese rule.
1959：达赖喇嘛逃离西藏
西藏领袖达赖喇嘛（左六）和余党坐在一起，这些人保护他飞越喜马拉雅山脉流亡。3月17日晚上，达赖喇嘛在起义反抗中国人的统治失败之后，逃离了西藏省会拉萨。
1966: The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution
Chinese Red Guards publicly parade their victims, who wear dunce caps and signs proclaiming their crimes, through the streets of Beijing. The Cultural Revolution of 1966-1976 unleashed radicalized youth against so-called antirevolutionary groups who protested Mao's policies. This photo's date is unknown.
1966：无产阶级文化大革命
中国的红卫兵在北京街道上公开炫耀他们的受害人，他们戴着纸帽子和写有罪名的牌子。激进的年轻人们和所谓的反对毛的政策的反动派们之间的对立情绪，在1966年到1976年的文化大革命中得到了充分的释放。这张照片的拍摄日期不详。
1969: A Cult of Personality
Red Guards parade through street carrying red flags and a portrait of Mao Zedong. The Cultural Revolution was launched by Mao in part to regain control of the party after the disasters of the Great Leap Forward, but its extremities shaped up to be another destructive period in modern China's history.
1969：个人崇拜
红卫兵扛着红旗和毛泽东画像在街上游行。毛发动文化大革命的部分目的是希望在大跃进失败后重新控制党内权力，但是运动极端地发展为新中国历史上另一个破坏性的时期。
1972: President Nixon Pays a Visit
U.S. President Richard Nixon watches Premier Zhou Enlai eat at a banquet in Shanghai on Feb. 28. Nixon was the first President to visit the People's Republic; his trip paved the way for formal diplomatic relations between the two countries.
1972：尼克松总统访华
2月28日，美国总统尼克松在上海的一个宴会上观察周恩来总理就餐。尼克松是第一个出访共和国的总统，他的到访推动了两国开展正式的外交关系。
1981: Confronting Past Excesses
Jiang Qing, Mao Zedong's widow, was sentenced to death on Jan. 25 for her role in the Cultural Revolution. Jiang and three other top leaders who formed the Gang of Four were arrested a month after Mao's death in 1976, marking what most consider the true end of the Cultural Revolution era, despite Mao having declared it to be officially over years before. Jiang's sentence was later commuted to life imprisonment.
1981：面对以往的疯狂
1月25日，毛泽东的遗孀江青因文革中的行为被判处死刑。毛在1976年去世的一个月之后，江和其它三名组成四人帮的领导人分别被捕，这被认为是文革时代的真正终结，尽管毛在几年前就公开宣布文革已经结束。江后来被改判无期徒刑。
1984: "Socialism with Chinese Characteristics"
Paramount leader Deng Xiaoping visits Shenzhen, once a humble fishing village in southern China until it was turned into the nation's first special economic zone (SEZ) in 1980. Today Shenzhen is considered one of the megacities of the world, with a population 32 times what it was before becoming an SEZ, and is ranked as having the highest quality of life in China.
1984：“有中国特色的社会主义”
最高领导人邓小平走访深圳，这个曾经是中国南方一个破烂小渔村的地方，在1980年成为了中国第一个经济特区。今天的深圳是个大都市，有超过100万的人口，是成为经济特区前人口的32倍。这里有国内最高的生活品质。
1997: The Handover of Hong Kong
Members of the combined Chinese armed-forces color guard raise the Chinese flag at the Hong Kong Convention Center on June 30, marking the moment Hong Kong returned to China after 155 years of British rule. Macau, a longtime colony of Portgual, was handed over two years later.
1997：香港回归
6月30日，中国海陆空部队代表在香港会议中心升起国旗，标志着香港在被英国统治了155年之后回归中国。被葡萄牙长期殖民的澳门也在两年后回归。
1999: Popular Anti-Americanism
Chinese policemen surround the U.S. embassy in Beijing on May 10 to prevent demonstrators from storming the compound, following the accidental NATO bombing of the Chinese embassy in Belgrade. Tens of thousands besieged the U.S. embassy for three days, attacking it with chunks of concrete and glasses.
1999：公众反美
5月10日，中国警察围在北京的美国使馆周围，阻止示威者冲进使馆。这发生在北约军队意外轰炸了中国驻贝尔格莱德使馆的事件之后。上万人包围了美国使馆三天，用石块和玻璃进行攻击。
2003: An Unwanted Export
Chinese paramedics tend to a man suspected of suffering from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) after he collapsed in public in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei province, on April 29. SARS spread from southern China around the world, causing massive economic losses and eventually leading to a shake-up in the country's murky health sector.
2003：不受欢迎的出口
4月29日，一位非典病人在湖北省会武汉的公共场合突然昏倒之后，中国医护人员向其靠近。非典从中国南方扩散到全世界，造成巨大的经济损失，并最终导致这个国家不可见人的卫生部发生剧变。
2003: The First Taikonaut
Staff members examine the re-entry capsule of Shenzhou-5, China's first manned spacecraft, in China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region on Oct. 16. Yang Liwei, China's first astronaut, or taikonaut, emerged safely.
2003：第一个太空人
10月16日，工作人员在中国内蒙古自治区检查神州5号载人航天飞船的回收密封舱。杨利伟，中国第一个宇航员或太空人，安全返回。
2008: Tibetans Mark Anniversary
Tibetans throw stones at army vehicles on a street in the Tibetan capital of Lhasa after violent protests broke out on March 14. Tibetans were commemorating the 1959 uprising against the Chinese that led to the Dalai Lama's flight and exile.
2008：藏族人的纪念日
3月14日，藏族人在拉萨进行暴力抗议之后，向街道上的军车投掷石块。他们是在纪念1959年反抗中国人的起义行动，以及达赖喇嘛的流亡。
2008: Disaster Response
Troops help a victim of the earthquake in Sichuan province that killed an estimated 70,000 people on May 12. Though faulty state-built infrastructure was partially responsible for the magnitude of the disaster, Beijing was lauded for its fast and thorough response.
2008：灾难的反应
5月12日，四川省的地震造成大约7万人死亡，军队正在救助一个伤者。尽管政府修建的劣质建筑物对灾难的惨重损失负有部分责任，但是北京依然因其快速和卓有成效的反应赢得了赞扬。
2008: Olympic Dreams
Fireworks explode above the stadium roof during the Opening Ceremony for the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics at the National Stadium on Aug. 8. The Olympics were seen as a "coming out" party for a more modern and growing China on the global stage, and preparation and security for the event were extensive.
2008：奥林匹克梦
8月8日，2008北京夏季奥运会的开幕式中，焰火绽放在国家体育馆的上空。奥运会对于国际舞台上地位不断上升的现代化中国来说，被认为是一个“原始股”。中国为此做了大量的准备和安全保障工作。
2008: Public Shame
People holding babies who drank tainted milk powders queue to receive Type B ultrasonic examination in a hospital on Sept. 17 in Hubei province. At the time, three infants had already died from melamine-contaminated milk and 6,244 had been sickened, causing a outcry both within China and from countries around the world who rely on Chinese food imports.
2008：政府蒙羞
9月17日，人们抱着孩子在湖北省一家医院排队接受B型超声波检查。由于食用了含有三聚氰胺的牛奶，已经有三名儿童死亡，6244名儿童致病。这引发了国内消费者和进口中国食品的其它国家铺天盖地的声讨。
2009: Riots in Xinjiang
Ethnic Uighur women grab a riot policeman as they protest in Urumqi in the far west province of Xinjiang on July 7. Police fired tear gas to disperse thousands of Han Chinese protesters armed with makeshift weapons. Clashes between the minority Muslim Uighurs and majority Han Chinese claimed hundreds of lives, leading to a security lockdown in the region that lasted for months.
2009：新疆暴乱
7月7日，西部省市新疆省会乌鲁木齐，维吾尔族妇女在示威中揪住一名防暴警察。警方向持有土制武器的汉族示威者发射催泪瓦斯。少数民族维吾尔穆斯林和汉族人之间的冲突造成了几百人死亡，导致这个地区在几个月之内被进行军事管制。 |
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发表于 2009-9-28 11:33
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发表于 2009-9-28 12:46
