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[社会] 【10.01.13 英国卫报】Google strikes a blow to China's Great Firewall

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发表于 2010-1-13 23:19 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式

http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2010/jan/13/google-china-censorship-firewall



At 7am Beijing time, Google's top lawyer, David Drummond, posted an announcement to Google's blog stating that hackers operating from China had attacked Gmail servers, with the intention of accessing the email accounts of Chinese human rights activists. The statement said the attacks had led Google to review its operations in China, and it had decided to stop censoring the search results of Google.cn, the China-localised site it has operated since 2006. This may mean it would have to cease operations in China.

Within minutes, the Chinese internet was buzzing with the news. The launch of the censored Google in 2006 was highly controversial outside China, causing fans and foes of Google to question the "Don't do evil" company motto. Google's reasoning at the time, which I agreed with, was that the benefits of providing localised services to Chinese internet users were worth having to put up with China's restrictive internet policies, especially since the uncensored Google.com was and remains available in China.

But the last year has seen a consistent and wide-ranging clampdown on the Chinese internet, the likes of which I have not seen since 1996 when home internet connections first became available. Various government departments have shut down and restricted video sharing, censored online games, blocked overseas sites such as Facebook, Twitter and YouTube (and my own website Danwei.org), closed locally hosted websites and stopped registrations of .cn domain names to foreigners and Chinese individuals.


Last year, the state-owned national broadcaster CCTV's primetime news programme accused Google of spreading pornography, and a senior police official made a speech warning of "hostile forces" on the internet and vowing to stop the spread of dissenting political views online. The last year has also seen interference by China internet censors – often called the Great Firewall, or GFW – in Google services not hosted on Chinese servers, such as Google Docs and Gmail.
In the face of such hostility, Google's decision is hardly surprising, whether you attribute it to moral reasons or to business expediency, as many cynics do. Google has never shown signs of catching up to the homegrown rival Baidu, and its China revenues are puny compared to other markets.

Many Chinese internet users this morning have praised Google for its principled stand. The top trending topic on the Twitter-style microblogging service of Chinese portal Sina.com is "Google considers withdrawing from China". Based on a scroll through some of the more than 60,000 comments, the reactions seem overwhelmingly in support of Google.


Some say things like "Get out Google, we have plenty of local alternatives", but so far such views seem to be in the minority. This may change if state-owned media start reporting on the issue, which had not yet happened at the time of writing. But the significance of Google's decision will not be lost even on hot-headed nationalists: China's internet does not meet international standards. Without Google, there is no way to pretend that it does.

The censorship of Google.cn is already being rolled back and internet users in China are gleefully testing it by searching for "sensitive" words such as "1989 Tiananmen Square". There will certainly be some kind of reaction from the government today, possibly shutting down Google's local servers.


The fallout will be interesting. I can't recall a single case of a major international company with operations in China taking a stand like this. As someone who agreed with Google's reasoning when it entered China, I also support this move. If it cannot operate here in accordance with its global standards, it should leave. I have given up on getting my own website unblocked by the government and am resigned to the fact that it's only accessible to people who are outside China or know the technical tricks to get over the Great Firewall.
I'd rather be outside the wall and free than inside it with the icy hand of the censor around my throat.

guardian1.jpg guardian2.jpg
 楼主| 发表于 2010-1-13 23:25 | 显示全部楼层
网友评论BristolBoy

13 Jan 2010, 7:45AM




'course over here, the government doesn't have to hack accounts, it just passes laws obliging ISPs to hand over any information they might want.
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  • medve

    13 Jan 2010, 7:53AM




    And in China the "people" own the ISP.
  • Cantiloper

    13 Jan 2010, 8:12AM




    Google, The people of the world are with you in fighting the censorship of information and ideas. Do NOT give in to China or any other government or force that tries to stop the free flow of information.
    People **WILL** support you in this!
    Michael J. McFadden
    Author of "Dissecting Antismokers' Brains"
  • Stealthbong

    13 Jan 2010, 8:15AM




    Nice to see a company exhibiting a bit of spine and standing up to the Chinese authorities and their revolting behaviour, even if it's a company flush enough not to have to worry to much about the economic impact.
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  • shuisky

    13 Jan 2010, 8:18AM



    This comment has been removed by a moderator. Replies may also be deleted.
  • WaspBox

    13 Jan 2010, 8:19AM





    China revenues are puny compared to other markets.

    Well, call me Mr Cynical but I suspect this "principled stand" originated from the marketing department.
  • stevehill

    13 Jan 2010, 8:23AM




    China is trying to put the toothpaste back in the tube and it will fail. No modern economy can seriously expect to deprive its citizens of the free flow of information, and having access to that information is actually a source of competitive advantage.
    King Canute sat on that beach to demonstrate to his impressionable citizens that he could not turn back the tide.
    Best of luck getting your own site reinstated Jeremy.
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  • lovedale

    13 Jan 2010, 8:30AM




    WaspBox:

    Well, call me Mr Cynical but I suspect this "principled stand" originated from the marketing department.

    Bingo! And some nice PR that will be gleefully digested by people like the author and other gullibles.
  • JieFang

    13 Jan 2010, 8:33AM





    I'd rather be outside the wall and free than inside it with the icy hand of the censor around my throat.

    Now you know why Taiwan has no intention of ever being ruled from Beijing. Nothing touched by that icy hand can ever truly be successful, except lies.
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  • MacCosham

    13 Jan 2010, 8:35AM




    Google's act is actually irrelevant. There is already enough domestic Chinese internet content to drown out any Western-sourced propaganda on the Internet, just like dissenting views in the West are drowned out in a sea of corporate-produced content.
  • ellymiranda

    13 Jan 2010, 8:37AM




    Yes!
    All we have to wait for now is some privacy to our own e-mail- and mobile phone- traffic.
  • JieFang

    13 Jan 2010, 8:42AM




    @MacCosham

    There is already enough domestic Chinese internet content to drown out any Western-sourced propaganda on the Internet,

    With their 50 cents the PRC propaganda ministry can drown out whatever they like...except the truth.
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  • areyouthere

    13 Jan 2010, 8:42AM




    Best way is to show china is by example .How ? by removing comment is free moderation .
  • lissom

    13 Jan 2010, 8:45AM




    I can't imagine why a.o wld think email or phone calls wld be safe fr State snooping. Snail mail has some advantages. I'm sure if they wanted to they cld sieve it too but so far there doesn't seem to be too much post tampering in the uk
  • snoopy65

    13 Jan 2010, 8:48AM




    This stinks. This heaping of praise upon them is no doubt what Google was hoping for, wiping out the fact that for the past few years they have been happily cooperating with the murderous bastards who run China. 'Don't be evil' my arse. 'Get out of a market that is hurting your profits', more likely.
  • MacCosham

    13 Jan 2010, 8:49AM



    This comment has been removed by a moderator. Replies may also be deleted.
  • ParkyDR

    13 Jan 2010, 8:52AM




    Google need China more than China needs Google, that's why they "did evil" by censoring searches in the first place.
    China can just block google. At least Bono will be happy a win for his favourite content blocking system.
  • CSClark

    13 Jan 2010, 8:52AM





    As someone who agreed with Google's reasoning when it entered China, I also support this move.

    So when Google agreed to censor on the grpunds that it would still be beneficial for the Chinese to have censored search results, would lead to greater freedom, you thought they were right. And now Google has decided that they were obviously wrong about that, you think they're right. Call me cynical but I imagine that if (when?) Google does a deal to resume 'limited filtering', or whatever euphemism they use, you'll support that.
    And why on earth isn't the real message to take from this not about how sweet Google is to rethink their complicity in censorship but: Dissidents! Don't store your thoughts, hopes and dreams in the cloud! No, not even if Google says it will protect you!
  • edstar

    13 Jan 2010, 8:52AM




    it's an interesting move by google, and it's clear what will happen: Beijing will block it and that will be the end of it. They don't care about google - why would they? China is 1/4 of world's population and increasingly rich and influential.
    The States would get by fine without guardian.co.uk (for example) why would China care about google - just another foreign website in their view
    sad but true
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 楼主| 发表于 2010-1-13 23:26 | 显示全部楼层
sceptical101

13 Jan 2010, 8:55AM




Well done to Google...I've always tended to avoid using Google as much as possible because I didn't trust them because of china...The question was always How much of what google shows is censored?
  • PhilipD

    13 Jan 2010, 8:59AM




    The problem is (and I suspect Google know this), as someone commented on a previous thread on China, censorship of the Internet has two aims:
    1. Restricting information to the Chinese people.
    2. Creating space for Chinese entrepreneurs to create and develop its own Googles, Facebooks, YouTubes, etc.
    So for Google to cut back, it means it may lose a major competitive advantage to a future competitor (one which won't hesitate to co-operate with the Party leaders).
    I don't envy their decision - this is just one more example of how Chinese repression isn't just reducing the choice for Chinese people (most of whom, to be honest, are both aware of what is happening and don't really care), but is reducing our options. The Chinese communist party is slowly extending its restrictive policies over the world without having to fire a shot.
  • 00rush

    13 Jan 2010, 9:09AM




    MacCosham:

    Google's act is actually irrelevant.

    Commerically, perhaps. Google's revenues from China are probably small enough for this to not make a significant dent to it's results. However, as a point of principle, its very relevant. It shows that a major Western corporation standing up to the Chinese government, perhaps putting principle before profit (eventually!!).
  • aprilpulsar

    13 Jan 2010, 9:12AM




    @edstar

    Beijing will block it and that will be the end of it. They don't care about google - why would they? China is 1/4 of world's population and increasingly rich and influential. The States would get by fine without guardian.co.uk (for example) why would China care about google - just another foreign website in their view

    Beijing will block it, but that won't be the end of it - this saga that is. Google is setting an example that will be followed and it may help to reverse this trend towards doing things China's way that has taken hold. There is an important corporate and diplomatic lesson here.
    China is increasingly rich and influential but it is not as influential as it could be if it continues along this path. Soft power is what China desperately craves, yet it puts in place all these obstacles to what it craves. Implicit within soft power is an ability to mould international public opinion 'softly'. This particular chapter in China's censorship annals will merely reinforce notions that China is terrified of certain information and that it cannot handle criticism; it uses hard power to mould public opinion. China's terror of information identifies the guilty wrongdoings of the state. Hence, less soft power.
    The chalice of effective soft power will always be beyond Beijing's graps if it continues in this fashion, for no country aspires to be a land of censored information, not in this day and age. Nor does any country aspire to launch cyber campaigns against their own dissidents: none except tyrannies of course.
    Furthermore, The Guardian may not be read much in the US (but it is read there) but Google is not a newspaper, it is a highly influential search engine with a vast global presence. News sites such as the BBC news in Chinese are blocked in China anyway, but it was not the decision of the BBC to pull-out, it was blocked anyway. Google is making a principled stand here and good for them. It shoves China's draconian censorship and anti-dissident hacking operations into the spotlight for all to see once more and that must be applauded.
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  • Nanome

    13 Jan 2010, 9:17AM




    better late than never I suppose!
    Of course Yahoo! and Microsoft will be delighted to lose the market leader in China. Still, the Microsoft motto ´we will spread FUD´ is more appropriate to the Chinese market than ´do no evil´.
  • jzhang

    13 Jan 2010, 9:18AM




    I miss danwei.org so much~
    Quite curious what reaction the CCP will take. Shutting down Google.cn ,maybe together with Google.com, quietly? Or manipulate nationalism to lunch a compain to condamn the search giant?
    Whatever it'll be, it's quite interesting to watch the show indside the GFW
  • dubdubdub

    13 Jan 2010, 9:22AM




    @waspbox.
    Ok, you're Mr. Cynical.
    Good ideas rarely come from any marketing department anywhere (Universal Marketing Motto: Let's look busy spending other people's money)
  • Triffid100

    13 Jan 2010, 9:24AM




    It was a dreadful decision by google to censor itself.
    It's just seeing the result of this - Google gave legitimacy to the Chinese regime. The "benefits of providing localised services to Chinese internet users" aren't worth the pixels they are writing on if you've become a propaganda outlet.
    It's taken almost 15 years but seems the company that does no evil has learnt you can't appease people who remove human rights.
  • anihc

    13 Jan 2010, 9:28AM




    @MacCosham

    The States would get by fine without guardian.co.uk (for example) why would China care about google - just another foreign website in their view

    Every country depends on intellectual freedom to develop and flourish. Getting by on semi-slave labour at rock-bottom prices will only get you so far. China needs freedom to succeed in the long term.
  • taiwantico

    13 Jan 2010, 9:34AM




    Add me to the cynical count. Google can't seem to catch up to Baidu and they want to pull out without admitting defeat. This is a business decision with a PR spin. By playing the "do no evil" card today, they get to do that AND receive praise for being righteous. My question is, would they have done this if they were leading the market?
  • SELAVY

    13 Jan 2010, 9:37AM




    CSClark
    ***And why on earth isn't the real message to take from this not about how sweet Google is to rethink their complicity in censorship but: Dissidents! Don't store your thoughts, hopes and dreams in the cloud! No, not even if Google says it will protect you! ***
    Yep.
    They have shown themselves to be a company who have always put profit before principle.
    This smells like a PR exercise,given the level of disdain in which they were held. But one could be generous and say "better late than never".
  • TVwriter

    13 Jan 2010, 9:50AM




    @MacCosham

    ...dissenting views in the West are drowned out in a sea of corporate-produced content...The truth? You mean the truth about Tienanmen Square, aka CIA coup "Operation Yellow Bird"?

    Stand well back and hold your noses against the stink. Here come the apologists. Corporate-produced content has obviously not prevented you from discovering the truth about Tiananmen Square. Is that because you're cleverer than the rest of us dupes, or because you got lucky? Surprised you had time to uncover the conspiracy, what with all those other plots vying for your attention, like 9/11, the so-called Moon landings, Prince Philip assassinating Diana, Elvis still being alive...
  • WatsonsWater

    13 Jan 2010, 9:52AM





    causing fans and foes of Google to question the "Don't do evil" company motto

    Any company which says they don't do something, actually do it! Otherwise why say it? They are in the business of making money, just like those Opium traders working for the British East India Company back in the 19thC. That is sort of like the British Government saying "We don't do drugs", and in regards to America, Australia and New Zealand "We don't do genocide".
    Google is a monopoly, probably backed by big business from the start, with a neat little cover story that it was two geeks that came up with the whole thing. They were happy to take Chinese money from 2006 to 2010, must have made quite a lot. This little stunt proves nothing, they are just blowing hot air, they know their future growth is fully dependent on the Chinese market and they will do whatever is asked of them, while appearing to be tough on the surface (years of listening to Labour MP's speak has made me this cynical!).
    And those who think the UK/US is censorship free should ask themselves why the UK is the libel capital of the world. Why criticism of Islam is not allowed anywhere, where the voice of the little man is suppressed and ignored, where the government can snoop into your life at the drop of a hat and brand you a terrorist.
    The Chinese are not saints, but they are not the only ones who keep the truth away from their people. Ask your MP about UCC contact law and see what they say!
  • WatsonsWater

    13 Jan 2010, 9:55AM




    anihc

    Every country depends on intellectual freedom to develop and flourish.

    Exactly, so when does the UK plan to start? (to paraphrase your hero).

    Getting by on semi-slave labour at rock-bottom prices will only get you so far.

    Yep, so when will the UK stop stealing the workforce of 3rd world countries and train its own people? 6 million on benefits doing nothing, because the government has left them on the shelf!
  • TVwriter

    13 Jan 2010, 10:26AM




    @WatsonsWater

    ...the little man is suppressed and ignored...

    Suppressed, no. Ignored, yes, when they squeak nonsense like suggestiing Google was :

    ...backed by big business from the start, with a neat little cover story that it was two geeks that came up with the whole thing.

    As far as UCC contract law is concerned, there's a long discussion about it on the David Icke site. You'd feel at home there.
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 楼主| 发表于 2010-1-13 23:27 | 显示全部楼层
ChineseCurrents

13 Jan 2010, 10:35AM




Well, at least Flickr still survives here (in Beijing).
But for how much longer, who knows (it's been, well, flickering on and off during the last few days).
If readers would like find out more about the mood swings of the Guardians of China's Great Firewall, then they could do worse than having a read of my article, Watch With Mother (8 August 2009).
Here's the link to it.
http://www.chinesecurrents.com (scoll down to 8 August)
So far my website has escaped the attention of "Mother". Or maybe she has had a look and actually thinks that I'm a good boy.
That's the problem, Mother never tells you what she thinks and she never, ever, ever explains why she does, or doesn't do something.
Warm regards from a very cold Beijing.
  • RoyRoger

    13 Jan 2010, 10:42AM




    Well done Google! Pleased your not going down the Yahoo road and I hope other search engines will publicly stand firmly behind your honorable position.
    Hope you reach an understanding with China.
  • ThinkOfTheChildren

    13 Jan 2010, 10:50AM





    Stevehill:
    King Canute sat on that beach to demonstrate to his impressionable citizens that he could not turn back the tide.

    .. and was misrepresented for centuries by the people who controlled the media.
  • nectere

    13 Jan 2010, 11:05AM




    why google is pulling out?
    1) some people's account is hacked (just like in UK i know people's email got hacked but google dont do anything about that).
    2) increase freedom (by pulling out...what logic?)
    3) to get publicity (it sure has)
    4) because the ex head of google.cn has gone to a new chinese search engine (in the news before) and therefore worried they cant compete and leave with glory.
    i am dissappoint that people dont read the news, but rather just follow what the writer says and dont actually consider the facts and review the actions.
    google to remove censorship because china gov didnt honour protection. does this mean the china gov should control everyone and therefore safe guards any attacks.
    this acticle is just same as others (all china-bashing) without perspective from both sides.
  • nectere

    13 Jan 2010, 11:08AM




    the UK people dont like chinese method of censorship, yet UK people agree to have your emails, web searches and all your online information to be monitored.
    what is the difference ?
    UK option - monitor what you do
    China option- stop what you not allowed to see
    there is no real freedom is both cases.
    so looking at the china case, the people should also reflect on what is happening here.
    mindless china-bashing isnt going to make UK better.
  • bill40

    13 Jan 2010, 11:10AM




    Google and Facebook (owned by Google) will never compete with Baidu, as mentioned above or QQ which is a cross between Facebook and MSN. Add me to the count that says this is nothing more than a money led PR stunt by Google.
    However, not even the China can control the hydra headed beast that is the internet. As I posted on a previous thread, The well off use VIP's (virtual internet providers) and the smart share ways of bypassing the GFW.
    China will surrender one day to the beast that is the internet.
  • yepandthattoo

    13 Jan 2010, 11:24AM




    Does this have something to do with ranking?
  • PhilipD

    13 Jan 2010, 11:31AM




    I think if Google want to persuade everyone they are serious they will sit down with the other major US internet companies and persuade the US government to take an action under WTO rules against China for restriction of trade. Quite simply, if China won't let American companies compete where they are strong, then America is perfectly entitled to retaliate with trade restrictions.
    Whatever all the talk about the strength of China, it is still wholly dependent upon continual growth in exports to maintain its strength. A trade war benefits nobody - but it would hurt China more than most. Its about time the US and the EU took action.
  • nectere

    13 Jan 2010, 11:39AM




    To PhilipD
    Would you agree that US haven't been 100% about liberalised trade in US when foreign companies (e.g. China) want to acquire access to US market (e.g. Banks, energy firms etc). If the host country want to protect itself then they are perfectly intitled to. i know this is abuse to fair trade but the host gov must first deal with its host people and protect them. its same in US, its same in China.
    to be frank china make cheap goods which everyone wants, while US makes expensive goods which the top 5% of population of china can afford.
    the best thing to do would be US encourge more exports to china by not intimadating china to open up. History has seen the flaws to the washington concesus, and china dont would to be in that that history too.
  • ThePaladin

    13 Jan 2010, 11:56AM




    Regardless of the reason why, Google is a 900lb gorilla of a company and a few days of gleeful access to information are enough to generate so many problems for China that they can do virtually nothing about.
    In many ways, Google are more powerful than the Chinese government and are flexing their muscles right now.
  • SalmonFish

    13 Jan 2010, 12:00PM




    The firewall messing with Google's legitimate services mean it would be difficult for Google to continue operating in China anyway. There will always be cynicism about their motives, but I think when they entered the market in 2006, it was difficult to predict that censorship would tighten so drastically after the Olympics: if they hadn't gone into China, the internet behind the firewall would be even more introverted and sinocentric; at least they are now in a position to make BJ lose a bit of face.
    @PhilipD
    I think whether Google does that is going to depend on the reaction of the Chinese gov to their ultimatum - its going to be interesting.
    @nectere
    The Chinese practice just such control over their key industries; they are arguably far more restrictive than the US - 20 foreign films allowed in every year?! And some businesses just banned outright?
  • ChinaBounder

    13 Jan 2010, 12:11PM




    Indeed it will be an interesting day.
    But I was very disappointed when you supported Google's initial willingness to censor. You will recall that before it did so, the CPC simply blocked access to the site. That led to an outcry in China. That outcry was a voice the government might have had to listen to. Google capitulated. And so, I felt, did you.
    Anyhow; you're spot on in this article.
  • ChinaBounder

    13 Jan 2010, 12:13PM




    Indeed it will be an interesting day.
    But I was very disappointed when you supported Google's initial willingness to censor. You will recall that before it did so, the CPC simply blocked access to the site. That led to an outcry in China. That outcry was a voice the government might have had to listen to. Google capitulated. And so, I felt, did you.
    Anyhow: you're spot on in this article.
  • nectere

    13 Jan 2010, 12:14PM




    @ SalmonFish
    To some degree i agree with your comments,
    china is way too restictive. but then again only to foreigners, giving china is a developing country, so many industries is way underdeveloped and allowed foreign firms to enter the market will only kills all home grown businesses in those markets because big foreign firms have the expertise , the network, the capital and all the good things to have advantage over the local firms.
    so in this view the chinese government is compelled to protect them (even over protect).
    as for moives obviously the chinese film makers dont have the budget or the techonology to make avatar or the skill to good marketing. so withour government backing than the average chinese person would surely like to watch foreign films and the local films will be left out.
    in many respects, the government wants more local businesses to drive its economy and not by foreign businesses. and their results can be seen in the auto-market and many technology industries (including the internet).
  • Phoenixflabskin

    13 Jan 2010, 12:14PM




    @Jie Fang

    With their 50 cents the PRC propaganda ministry can drown out whatever they like...except the truth...

    And right on cue, here comes Mr Tinfoil Man, scampering from wall to wall with his tinfoil shield held high to ward off the rays...
    Did it ever occur to you, Tinfoil Man, to ask yourself a fairly obvious question: If the PRC Propaganda Ministry can drown out whatever they like... except the truth! then why don't they? Why don't they at least try?
    I mean, if they've got two hundred and eighty thousand five-centers being paid to pour out internet propaganda on their behalf, then surely it shouldn't be beyond their organisational capacity to assign, say, a couple of hundred of them to 'drowning you out' on this CiF article - still leaving two hundred and seventy-nine thousand eight hundred to busy themselves elsewhere! Two hundred five-centers at five posts each... that would be... a thousand comments praising China on this thread alone!
    Or is never actually drowning anybody out on anything just another element of their cunning plot to drown out everybody on everything that only you, through your tinfoil spectacles, can see...?
  • glenslade

    13 Jan 2010, 12:16PM




    While we all like to cheer when the underdog strikes out at its adversary, the fact is that this is another policy blunder by Google.

    The company's leverage to promote internet freedom in China arises only from its presence there, as detailed in my blog.


    If Google quits, it will be abdicating its responsibility as a global leader to continue to campaign for change. Worse still, by breaking the censorship law they have risked letting the Chinese make this decision for them.
    The correct response after exposing the attack and increasing security was to continue with 'business as usual'.
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发表于 2010-1-13 23:32 | 显示全部楼层
等待中。。。
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发表于 2010-1-14 00:21 | 显示全部楼层
认领原文部分。
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发表于 2010-1-14 06:40 | 显示全部楼层
评论部分求联合翻译
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发表于 2010-1-14 12:27 | 显示全部楼层
原文部分翻译完毕。粗略翻译了一下,有些地方不是很通顺。

http://bbs.m4.cn/forum.php?mod=v ... p;extra=#pid3153011
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