本帖最后由 下个月 于 2010-4-12 08:44 编辑
【中文标题】中国城市的不安：囤积的怒气小规模爆发
【原文标题】Unrest in China's cities - Minor explosions - The simmering anger of urban China
【登载媒体】经济学家
【原文链接】http://www.economist.com/world/asia/displaystory.cfm?story_id=15826335
在中国，无证商贩与执法人员之间的矛盾屡见不鲜，有时候这种矛盾会升级成互殴或者骚乱。但是在3月26日到27日晚间，云南省会昆明发生的数百人暴乱事件，让人们开始重新关注中国城市存在的不安定因素。
据报道，昆明的暴乱事件导致了十数人受伤，10辆政府的汽车被掀翻，多处起火。有谣言说一名小贩被昆明“城市管理和执法局”的官员杀害，被此消息激怒的群众试图以此进行报复。这个机构更广为人知的名称是其中文缩写“城管”，它类似于警察的表亲，主要职责包括清理街道上的非法商贩，以及监督房屋拆迁。城管的官员以其残暴、不择手段的执法方式而闻名。
事实上，那名小贩并没有被杀害，但是暴民有可能以防备最坏可能的原因而被免予处罚。在过去几年里，即使是政府控制的报纸也会达成一个共识，对全国各地城管的行为给与批评。2008年1月，湖北省的城管人员在阻止一群农民抗议倾倒城市垃圾时，发现一名男子在拍摄他们的行动，后来这名男子被殴打致死。当地报纸的一位专栏作家写道：“又一名市民倒下了，我们什么时候才能站起来反抗城管这种制度？”
中国媒体还曾经报道过其它遭城管迫害的事件：去年7月，一名小贩在上海遭到殴打后患严重的脑损伤；10月份，一名北京男子因被控用摩托车非法从事出租车业务而被殴打致死。其中一个案例最终引出群众致中国司法机关的一封信。去年11月份，四川省的一名妇女因抗议当地官员强行拆除她的房屋而自焚致死。北京的一个法律教授团体上书国家司法部，建议制定更严格的拆迁管理规定。
城管的野蛮行径所引发的抗议行为使当局坐立不安，他们担心任何城市内的不安定因素都可能危及政府的地位。去年5月，数百名大学生在南京抗议一名同学遭到殴打。6月，广东省的几名城管在被愤怒的市民羁押后，被警方解救出来。10月份在昆明，抗议者把一名三轮车夫的尸体放在轮床上，推到当地城管办公室门口，据称这个人是被城管所杀害。他们在那里烧了一些纸，这是中国传统的葬礼仪式（当地城府称这个人属于自然死亡）。同在10月份，一名上海男子因切掉自己一根手指而广受关注，他这样做是为了表明自己是遭受陷害而被认定为非法的出租车司机。
昆明的最新事件同样吸引了大批媒体的关注。一家报纸的网站把事件的爆发归因于公众对当地官僚机构的强烈不满情绪，并说这有可能积累成“定时炸弹”。另一家报纸攻击了昆明政府的行为，他们在事件的新闻发布会上几乎没有透露任何细节信息，并拒绝接受记者的提问。还有一家报纸认为，政府版本的事件描述说那个小贩仅仅是摔倒了，这是在“撒谎”（这个词被用在报道的大标题中）。报道引用了目击者的证词，说一名执法人员将她的三轮车推翻，把她压在下面。一个煤气罐砸在她的身上，让她失去了知觉。
最近几个星期，中国著名的学者于建嵘发表了一个有关社会安定问题的演讲，该演讲的稿件在中国互联网中流传甚广。于先生把近几年发生的事件描述成一种社会不安定的表现，他称其为“发泄性事件”，即针对当地政府和富人阶层的小规模、无组织的公众愤怒爆发。他认为，中国为构建“刚性稳定”的社会所进行的投入并不持久，并且有可能导致“巨大的社会动荡”。他说，即使是那些政府官员也在私下场合警告别人，好日子快到头了。
原文：
ALTERCATIONS between unlicensed street vendors and law-enforcement officers are commonplace in China. Sometimes they escalate into scuffles or riots. But a night-time rampage by hundreds of citizens in the southern city of Kunming, capital of Yunnan province, on March 26th-27th has aroused fresh concerns about a malaise in Chinese cities.
The violence in Kunming reportedly left dozens injured. Ten government vehicles were overturned and some set on fire by crowds enraged by rumours that a vendor had been killed by an officer of Kunming’s “City Administration and Law Enforcement Bureau”. This agency, commonly known by its Chinese abbreviation chengguan, is a junior cousin to the police force. It is responsible for matters such as clearing the streets of illegal pedlars and supervising house demolitions. Chengguan officers are renowned for their thuggish, fine-gouging ways.
The vendor, as it turned out, had not been killed. But the rioters could be forgiven for assuming the worst. In the past couple of years even some state-controlled newspapers have made common cause with critics of chengguan activities across the country. In January 2008 a man in the central province of Hubei was beaten to death when he attempted to film officers trying to stop a protest by villagers against a dump for urban waste. “Another citizen has fallen. When will we stand up and restrain the chengguan system?” wrote a newspaper columnist at the time.
The Chinese press has reported others having fallen to the chengguan since: a pedlar left severely brain-damaged after a mauling in Shanghai last July; a man beaten to death in Beijing in October after being accused of illegally using his motorcycle as a taxi. One case prompted a letter to China’s legislature. A woman in the province of Sichuan died last November after setting herself on fire in protest when officers burst into her home to enforce a demolition order. In response, a group of Beijing law professors wrote proposing tighter controls on demolition procedures.
Protests triggered by chengguan brutality have rattled the authorities, hypersensitive as they are to any urban unrest that might turn against the government. Last May hundreds of university students protested in the eastern city of Nanjing against the alleged beating of a classmate. The following month police rescued several chengguan who were captured by rioters in a town in the southern province of Guangdong. In Kunming last October protesters put the corpse of a pedicab-driver, who had allegedly been killed by chengguan, on a gurney and wheeled it to a chengguan office where they burned paper as a traditional funeral offering (the authorities said he had died naturally). That same month a Shanghai man became famous when he chopped off part of a finger in protest at what he said was an attempt to frame him as an illegal taxi- driver.
The latest flare-up in Kunming has also attracted considerable press attention. One newspaper website described the eruption as symptomatic of public resentment against local officialdom that could blow up like “a bomb at any time”. Another newspaper attacked the Kunming authorities for releasing only bare details and not taking questions at a press briefing on the incident. A third suggested the official version of events, that the vendor had simply fallen over, might be a “lie” (a word even used in the headline). It quoted witnesses saying an officer had pushed over her pedicab, pinning the woman under it. A gas canister had then rolled on top of her, knocking her unconscious.
In recent weeks, a speech on social unrest by a prominent Chinese scholar, Yu Jianrong, has been widely circulated on the internet in China. In it Mr Yu describes the emergence in recent years of a new type of social unrest, which he calls “venting incidents”: brief, unorganised outbursts of public rage against the authorities or the wealthy. China’s efforts to enforce “rigid stability”, he argues, were not sustainable and could result in “massive social catastrophe”. Even government officials, he notes, are giving warning in private of worse to come. |
狗仔卡
发表于 2010-4-11 17:57
提升卡
变色卡
抢沙发
千斤顶
显身卡
发表于 2010-4-11 18:16
这么能瞎编。。。。
楼主
瞧把这帮老外乐的~~~~
某人只相信有，你有什么办法
