本帖最后由 千年明月 于 2010-7-29 21:39 编辑
【原文标题】Where is the Pentagon report on the Chinese military?
【中文标题】五角大楼的《中国军力报告》在哪儿？
【登载媒体】外交政策
【原文链接】http://thecable.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2010/07/23/where_is_the_pentagon_report_on_the_chinese_military
【原文库链接】http://bbs.m4.cn/thread-256661-1-1.html
【译者】连副
Every year, the Pentagon issues a congressionally mandated report outlining the Defense Department's collective judgment about the Chinese military. And every year, the Chinese protest the findings. This year, the report is almost five months overdue, and some in Congress want to know why.
每年，五角大楼都会发布一个经国会授权的报告，概述国防部关于中国军事的整体判断。并且，中国每年都会对评估结果表示抗议。今年的报告却逾期近5个月还没有发布，国会的人想知道为什么？
Congress originally required the report, entitled, "Military Power of the People's Republic of China" in the fiscal 2000 authorization bill. Compiled mostly by the Office of the Secretary of Defense, with input from regional commands and some outside experts, the reports offers the most comprehensive publicly available evaluation of the scope and impact of China's ongoing military modernization and expansion.
从2000年的政府财政授权案开始，根据《国防授权法》的要求，报告议题为“中华人民共和国军力报告”。主要由国防部部长办公室收集整理，投入了区域情报人员和一些外界专家，这份报告提供了最全面的公开评估，包括中国正在进行的军事现代化及其影响。
Past reports have sounded the alarm on China's ever expanding army of cyber warriors, its development of asymmetric capabilities to combat the more powerful U.S. war machine, its accumulation of missiles opposite Taiwan, and its building up of a blue-water navy that could project Chinese power regionally or even globally.
之前的报告已经敲响了关于中国日益扩大的网络部队的警钟，网络部队发展非对称战斗力量，用来对抗更强大的美国战争机器，他们在台湾的对岸布置成堆的导弹，并且建立了一个打击能力覆盖中国乃至全球的蓝水海军。
But the overall theme running through each report is that China continues to hide the true size of its military budget, and is not being open about true intentions behind its military modernization and expansion.
但是粗略阅览每份报告的主题，都是中国一直掩盖其真正的军事预算规模，以及中国从未公开其军事现代化和军事扩张背后的真正意图。
"The outside world has limited knowledge of the motivations, decision-making, and key capabilities supporting China's military modernization," the 2007 document stated. "China's leaders have yet to explain adequately the purposes or desired end-states of the PLA's expanding military capabilities. China's actions in certain areas increasingly appear inconsistent with its declaratory policies. Actual Chinese defense expenditures remain far above officially disclosed figures. This lack of transparency in China's military affairs will naturally and understandably prompt international responses that hedge against the unknown."
据2007年的报告所述：“外界对支撑中国军事现代化的决策和关键能力知之甚少。中国领导人尚未充分解释解放军军力实力或所要求的最终状态的意图。看起来，中国在一些领域的实际行动与其宣称的政策越来越不一致。中国真正的国防开支仍远高于官方披露的数字。中国军事领域的不透明状况将自热而然地促成国际上做出防范不明情况的对冲反应。”
It's not unusual for the report to be delivered late, but now that it is extremely late this year (it was due March 1), GOP senators are asking the Pentagon why.
报告的拖延并非不是没有出现过，但现在的情况是，今年也太晚了（早该在3月1日发布），共和党参议员质询五角大楼为什么？
In a letter sent today to Defense Secretary Robert Gates, five Republican senators -- John Cornyn, R-TX, John McCain, R-AZ, James Ricsch, R-ID, Pat Roberts, R-KS, and James Inhofe, R-OK -- wrote to express their "serious concern" over the Pentagon's failure to submit the report.
在今天寄给国防部部长罗伯特·盖茨的一封信中，五名共和党的参议员---约翰·克宁（德克萨斯州）、约翰·麦凯恩（亚利桑那州）、詹姆士·里克斯希（爱达荷州）、帕特·罗伯茨（堪萨斯州）、詹姆士·英霍夫（俄勒冈州）---在信中表达了他们对于五角大楼未能提交报告的“严重关切”。
The senators said that they heard the Pentagon completed the report months ago, and they are worried that the White House or the National Security Council is holding it in order to not upset Beijing or that they are scrubbing it down to make it more palatable to the Chinese.
参议员们表示他们在一个月以前得知五角大楼完成了报告，并且他们担心报告在白宫或者国家安全委员会已经拿到了报告，拖延报告的发布只是为了不和北京发生摩擦，或者以此讨好中国。
"Since the responsibility for this report lies with the DOD alone, we ask for your assurance that White House political appointees at the National Security Council or other agencies have not been allowed to alter the substance of the report in an effort to avoid the prospect of angering China," the senators wrote.
参议员们写道：“由于这份报告的职责一直是由国防部单独负责，我们请求你们保证，白宫任命的国家安全委员会的官员或其他部门不会因为这份报告有可能激怒中国，而被获准篡改这份报告的主旨。”
An administration official told The Cable that actually, the NSC completed its review of the report some time ago and therefore the White House is not holding it up. The document should be in the Pentagon's hands, pending release, the official said.
一位政府官员告诉《外交政策》，实际上，国家安全委员会已经在不久前完成了对该报告的审核，因此，这份报告并不在白宫。他说这份报告应该在五角大楼手里，待定发布。
The Pentagon did not respond to requests for comment.
记者请求五角大楼对此作出评论，但五角大楼没有回应。
To some extent, the senators' letter reflects longstanding skepticism on the right about China's intentions. But it also gives voice to a growing concern in Congress and among China watchers in both parties that the Obama administration has been slow to react to Beijing's increasingly aggressive and antagonistic posture toward Washington.
在一定程度上，参议员们的信反映了他们长期对中国的真实意图持怀疑态度。此外，这封信所传达的心声还引起了国会的关注，两个党派的中国观察家认为，对于北京对华盛顿的敌对姿态和挑衅，奥巴马政府作出的反应非常迟钝。
The most glaring example of this trend came in June, when the Chinese refused to allow Gates a visit during his trip to Asia, leading the defense secretary to declare that he no longer believes China's People's Liberation Army is interested in improving its ties with the United States.
这一趋势最明显的例子就是在今年6月，当盖茨访问亚洲期间，中国拒绝让他到访中国，导致国防部长宣布他不相信中国解放军有兴趣改善与美国的关系。
Over the last few months, China has pointedly warned the U.S. not to continue selling arms to Taiwan, refused to acknowledge that North Korea sank a South Korean ship, and claimed exclusive maritime rights in what the United States considers international waters.
在过去几个月里，中国还言辞犀利的警告美国不要继续出售武器给台湾、也拒绝承认北朝鲜弄沉了一搜韩国巡逻舰，还声称在美国认可的国际水域拥有海事专有权。
The United States and South Korea are holding joint naval exercises in the Sea of Japan Sunday, off South Korea's east coast. The war games are intended to send a stern message to Pyongyang and improve South Korea's antisubmarine warfare capabilities, but Chinese officials had strenuously objected to the two countries holding the drills in the Yellow Sea, on the west side of the Korean Peninsula, where the Pentagon insisted it would hold future exercises.
周日，美国和韩国在日本海-韩国东岸一侧举行海上联合军事演习。实战演习是为了向平壤发出一个严肃的信息，同时提高韩国的反潜作战能力，但是中国官方奋力反对两国在位于朝鲜半岛南侧的黄海进行演习，那儿是五角大楼坚持在未来举行演习的地方。
This week, during a visit to South Korea, Joint Chiefs Chairman Adm. Mike Mullen said of China that he's "moved from being curious about what they're doing to being concerned about what they're doing," pointing to "a fairly significant investment in high-end equipment -- satellites, ships ... anti-ship missiles, obviously high-end aircraft and all those kinds of things."
海上联合演习最高指挥官麦克·马伦在本周访问韩国期间，提及中国时，他说他“从关心中国干什么变成了好奇中国干什么”，他指出“在具有重要战略意义的高端设备中，有大手笔的投资---卫星、船舰……反舰导弹、一眼就可以看出充满了科技含量的飞行器和很多类似的东西。”
Administration officials say they see an internal struggle within the Chinese system, with PLA hard-liners gaining ground against more moderate government actors.
政府官员表示他们考虑到中国的内部争斗，解放军强硬派与政府中庸派相比，军方获得了一席之地。
Conservative China hands argue that the Obama administration needs to support more friendly Chinese interlocutors while taking a tougher line overall.
中国保守派的有关人员曾论证，奥巴马政府在采取整体强硬路线的同时，需要支持更友好地中国对话者。
"Why are the Chinese coming out swinging now? Two reasons. One is the smell of American weakness, which Obama appears to be correcting. The second is that all is not well within China," former Pentagon China official Dan Blumenthal wrote Wednesday on FP's Shadow Government blog.
周三，前五角大楼中国事物官丹·布鲁门撒尔在外交政策网的虚构政府博客中写道：“为什么现在中国摆出一幅愉快的样子？两方面的原因，一是嗅到了美国的弱点，奥巴马似乎正在改进这一点。第二方面是中国国内的一切并非都令人满意。”
But it's not just the China hawks who are sounding the alarm bells. Patrick Cronin, director of the Asia security program at the Center for a New American Security, and Paul Giarra, director for global strategies and transformation at the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, criticized China's recent actions in an article for The Diplomat entitled "China's Dangerous Arrogance."
但是发出危险信号的并不仅仅只有中国的鹰派。新任美国安全委员会-亚洲安全事物负责人帕特里克·克洛宁以及美中经济与安全观察委员会-全球策略与转型负责人保罗·吉奥拉在一篇写给《外交学者》的文章--《危险的中国式傲慢》中批判中国近期的行动。
"As China has become more influential, it has also become uncharacteristically assertive in the diplomatic arena. This assertiveness is nowhere more evident than with its naval power, and is prompting many to ask if it is now verging on the reckless, particularly over the South China Sea," they argued.
他们批判说：“由于中国已经变得更有影响力，它在外交竞技场上的表现也一反常态。但单凭中国的海军力量，这种反常态的表现是行不通的，并且，如果中国现在不顾后果，那么将会驱使许多人的质疑，尤其将针对中南海。”
"It's increasingly clear that Beijing may have misinterpreted a relatively passive but definitely welcoming set of international reactions to China's rise. And the combination of China's aggressive naval actions and maritime territorial claims suggests an alarming indicator: Chinese assertiveness over its region is growing as fast as China's wealth and perceived power trajectory."
“这越来越明显--北京可能误解了一个相对消极的，但是绝对欢迎中国崛起的国际反应。结合中国挑衅海军的行动以及海事领土主张，暗示了一个让人不安的信号：中国在该区域的过分自信就像中国的财富和影响力一样沿着其轨迹快速膨胀着。”
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翻译交流4#：
倒数第二段应该中：particularly over the South China Sea应该是尤其针对“南中国海”而不是“中南海”吧。
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发表于 2010-7-29 18:22
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