【外交学者APAC 2020】POWER PLAYERS (权力人物）

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编撰：外交学者


The Asian politicians you haven't heard of yet, but will

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Naoto Kan
原文链接：http://apac2020.the-diplomat.com/power-players/naoto-kan/



Kan, a former Health and Welfare minister and former Democratic Party of Japan president, plays a key role in reshaping how the government works as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of State for National Policy and Economic and Fiscal policy.

He’s earned the nicknames ‘Ira-Kan’ and ‘Fretful-Kan’ for his reputed short temper, but his experience with tackling Japan’s notoriously intransigent bureaucracy made him an obvious choice for many to oversee the party’s policies and budget.

Prior to becoming a lawmaker, Kan was active in leading various citizen movements. He became a lawmaker on his fourth attempt, winning his first seat in the lower house in 1980 for the now-defunct United Social Democratic Party, after a strong grassroots environmental campaign, and he’s expected to try to encourage civic society to become more closely involved in the policymaking process.

He secured widespread public and media praise in 1996 when, as Health Minister and Welfare Minister in the Cabinet of then Prime Minister Ryutaro Hashimoto, he admitted the Ministry’s responsibility for a scandal involving the spread of HIV-tainted blood—an unprecedented move in Japan.

As Deputy Prime Minister, Kan has said he wants Japan’s Self-Defense Forces to take on a more prominent international role. With Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama having been criticised for dithering in the DPJ’s early months, Kan has looked decisive and ready to lead.

It’s early days yet, but if the ruling party’s ratings continue to slide, would the DPJ be willing to follow in the well-trodden footsteps of the opposition Liberal Democratic Party and change leaders after only a year? Next year’s upper house elections, where the DPJ hopes to secure enough seats to ensure that it doesn’t depend on coalition partners, could be a good test.

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Xi Jinping
原文链接：http://apac2020.the-diplomat.com/power-players/xi-jinping/


China’s Vice President and top-ranking member of the Secretariat of the Communist Party of China is the presumed heir to the presidency, and has already been selected by Time magazine as one of the 100 most influential people in the world.

Born in Beijing in 1953, Xi is a native of Shaanxi Province and a leader of the fifth generation of the Chinese leadership. His father, a hero of the Long March, was one of the founders of the Communist guerrilla movement in the province, but was prosecuted during the Mao era.

Xi has held a number of key leadership roles, including Secretary of the CPC Zhejiang Provincial Committee and Secretary of the CPC Shanghai Municipal Committee.

However, questions have been raised about his educational background—he entered university in 1975 despite never studying, let alone finishing high school, and received a doctorate in 2002 despite not holding a masters. Some observers believe the controversy could hinder Xi’s rise, and his failure to be selected as Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission in September 2009 raised eyebrows and questions over the succession.

Xi, known for his tough stance on corruption and his sympathy for pro-market reforms, is now in charge of policy affairs related to Hong Kong and Macau.

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Li Keqiang
原文链接：http://apac2020.the-diplomat.com/power-players/li-keqiang/


Hailing from a humble background as a farmer in Dingyuan, Anhui Province, Li rose through the ranks of the Communist Youth League to become governor of Henan—and China’s youngest governor—before eventually being touted as a possible successor to President Hu Jintao.

Li has been a vocal supporter of Hu’s concept of a harmonious society, and has a 25-year friendship with the president. However, questions over Li’s achievements during his two provincial governorships, and a general public perception of his ‘bad luck’ (there were three major fires in Henan during his time in office) saw him elevated only to the vice premiership at the 2008 National People’s Congress, meaning he is more likely to succeed Wen Jiabao.

Outspoken Li is a graduate of Peking University School of Economics and his official portfolio includes finance, development and price controls. He has often spoken of the need to improve access to affordable housing and health care. But with his remit currently focusing on economic management, he no longer has a great say on key affairs such as diplomacy and the military. In the internal struggle for power, he is seen as having lost out to Xi Jinping.

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Park Geun-hye
原文链接：http://apac2020.the-diplomat.com/power-players/park-geun-hye/


A survey by Korean news magazine Sisa said she is the second most influential political figure in the country, behind only President Lee Myung-bak, and despite her narrowly losing out to Lee in the 2007 presidential election, many see Park Geun-hye as a future leader.

The conservative Park has a background steeped in politics—her father was president from 1963-79 before being assassinated and she has served as chairwoman of the ruling Grand National Party. She was also seen as the country’s unofficial first lady for five years after her mother was assassinated in 1974.

While campaigning in 2006, Park was attacked by a man brandishing a small knife and she received a 11-centimeter wound to her face. But she managed to turn the attack to her political advantage, with many voters apparently won over by her resilience following the incident.

Park’s public profile was boosted further in 2008 with her prominent role as a special envoy for then President-elect Lee Myung-bak which included a visit to China, and she has continued her globe-trotting as the president’s representative with a visit to Europe this year.

Lee, meanwhile, is under pressure to follow through on a campaign pledge to make Park, leader of a powerful faction within the governing party, a full partner in the national government in exchange for her support during the election. It’s all good news for Park, who can also look forward to benefits stemming from the recent growing political clout of women in Korean politics.

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Varun Gandhi
原文链接：http://apac2020.the-diplomat.com/power-players/varun-gandhi/


In 2009, 29-year-old Varun Gandhi was elected to parliament by the biggest margin (nearly 400,000 votes) of any other new member of his party—main opposition group the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). The emphatic win quickly marked him out as one to watch on the Indian political scene.

Despite being a member of India’s foremost political family, Varun—cousin to fellow ‘new generation’ politician Rahul Gandhi and the grandson of former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi—broke the mould by joining the BJP in 2004, instead of the Indian National Congress, with which his family has traditionally been aligned. He has stated that the BJP’s recent values better reflect his and the original ones held by the Congress on issues such as nationalism, for which he is a strong proponent.

Often portrayed as more direct and confrontational than his cousin Rahul, Varun Gandhi has emerged as the hero of the ‘Hindutva’ forces, or those seeking to ensure that Hindus in India get the same status as presently enjoyed by Muslims in Pakistan. The cousins may well end up competing head-on with each other at some point in the future as they try to persuade the Indian electorate to choose between their societal visions.

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