本帖最后由 gabirella 于 2010-8-11 21:59 编辑
【中文标题】为了环保，付出如此代价【原文标题】High cost for being green
【登载媒体】经济学家
【原文链接】http://www.economist.com/blogs/asiaview/2010/08/defending_tai_lake
【原文库连接】http://bbs.m4.cn/thread-259801-1-1.html
【译文】
香港《南方早报》的一篇报道很有意思，其中写到诸如过度建筑水坝等的破坏环境的行为，可能是导致甘肃省山体滑坡造成上百人死亡严重后果的原因之一。《中国经济时报》同样也暗示了这一点,该报是中国国有新闻出版社旗下的专有报纸。
遭受山体滑坡灾害的甘肃省舟曲县，地处贫穷偏远的中国西部。对像甘肃这样落后地区的环保工作落实不到位的批评与指责，似乎并不会影响到国内高层领导的名声。相比之下，同样的情况若是到了中国东部某个富裕的地方，则会弄得人家领导声名狼藉。也许是因为对于此类敏感问题的警觉性很高，中国国内媒体对最近太湖水藻泛滥相对保持了沉默。太湖水域覆盖了浙江和江苏这两个中国最富裕的省份。自2007年太湖蓝藻爆发，中国政府大张旗鼓，声称要把彻底消灭蓝藻。承认工作失误未免让人尴尬，尤其当下上海正在举办世博会，并且以打造生态友好型城市为主题.
于是，将此类事件公之于众的任务就落到了极少部分的积极分子肩上。最为著名的是太湖水域独立监测人吴立红。42的他以前曾是一位商人，住在四周环绕着稻田的村子里，那里靠近太湖的北岸。吴立红因勒索罪被判入狱服刑三年，今年四月刚被释放。他认为当地的政府官员捏造了该起案件，目的是让封他的口。吴说，他和两个精神有问题的囚犯关在一个牢房里，在狱中被粗暴地对待。当他的妻子获准见他时，夫妻俩只能用普通话谈论家庭事务，不准说方言，也许这是为了方便那些人偷听他们的对话。
但是吴立红的妻子，许洁华表示，她丈夫在当地被人们当成英雄一样。当吴立红从狱中获释回到家中的时候，村里的人放烟花表示欢迎。一张于吴出狱当天拍摄的照片上，吴立红站在监狱门口，手中捧着一大束花。许洁华笑着说，那花是当地一个祝福者送的，不是她送的。
吴立红和许洁华家中的墙上贴满了吴立红风光时候的见证：2005年吴立红和在北京和高级官员交谈的照片，当时他被评为中国十大环保家；2006年“福特汽车环保奖”的自然环境保护提名奖。下面有证据表明为何现在中国政府对吴立红如此之差。吴立红从墙上去下了三卷字画，并给我们看了它们的反面。那里放着300多个邮局的收据，每个收据都代表着一封挂号信。那些是吴立红寄到北京，有关太湖水污染的信件。他未曾受到任何回复，但将每封信的收据都藏在了字画的背面。他不想让警察拿走这些他曾尽力改变太湖污染的有力证据。《经济学家》 2008年曾报道过，吴立红在狱中服刑期间，数名便衣被派去全天候监视他和许洁华的房子。他们并没有阻止外国记者进入，但很明显的是，便衣的作用是为了打消那些很想要进去探视的人们的念头。
最后，便衣终于走了。但是，监视却没有因此而停止，至少吴立红是这样觉得的。他指向了稻田里的单行道，有个像监控交通的照相机立在了沿路的每个三叉路口。那里根本就不需要监控交通；这样的照相机在其他地方都没见着，却偏偏在最狭窄的田间小径上看到了。
吴立红现在仍有一些激动。他把我带到了湖边，在那里我们看到了一片散发着毒气的蓝藻，之后又担心引起附近一群负责清除蓝藻的人的注意。吴提醒我说，“那很危险。”暗指真正危险的不是有毒的蓝绿色泡沫，而是那些人。在稍微离岸的地方，吴向我介绍了一片果园的主人，政府的人曾警告他不准向记者抱怨太湖的污染问题。当然，他也没敢抱怨。
但是在指责大小官员，甚至是中国共产党夺走了太湖曾经引以为豪的美丽时，吴立红再也按捺不住激动了。他带我去了他家附近的一个村子，在当地官员的指示下，新房子排排站起，做起场面给前来视察污染治理措施的高层官员看。吴说，“当地政府是在骗中央的官员，并且欺压当地群众。太湖现在的污染问题变得更加严重了，根本没人对此加以重视。”
原文：
HONGKONG's South China Morning Post hasan interesting account of how environmentaldamage, including a frenzy of dam-building, may have exACerbated the landslidesin Gansuprovince that have killed hundreds of people. The same has even been suggested in the China EconomicTimes [in Chinese], a proper part of China’sstate-owned press.
The partof Gansu struck by the landslides, Zhouqucounty, is in China’spoor and remote west. Criticism of environmental malpractice there is lesslikely to hurt the reputations of the country's most powerful politicians—lesslikely than would, say, a similar report about one of the far wealthier regionsin the east. It is perhaps out of an abundance of caution about suchsensitivities that China’smedia have been so reticent in their reporting about the latest algal bloom in Tai Lake. This immense body of water straddles two of China’s richest provinces, Zhejiangand Jiangsu.Since a huge outbreak of algae in 2007, the leadership in Beijing has made a considerable fuss aboutcleaning it up. To admit failure would be embarrassing, especially so whilenearby Shanghaiplays host to the World Expo, with its theme of eco-friendly cities.
This leaves the task of whistleblowing to a handful of determined activists. Tai Lake's best-known independent monitor is Wu Lihong, a 42-year-old former salesman wholives in a village surrounded by paddy fields, close to the lake’s northernshore. Mr Wu was released from prison in April after having served a three-yearterm for blackmail. He believes that local officials fabricated the caseagainst him in order to force his silence. Mr Wu says he was kept in a cellwith two mentally ill prisoners, treated roughly throughout and that, when his wife was allowed to visit him, they were restricted to discussing familymatters (and only in Mandarin, not the local dialect—presumably to aid theirMandarin-speaking eavesdroppers).
But Mr Wu’s wife, Xu Jiehua, says he is regarded as a hero in their local community.Firecrackers were set off in the village to celebrate his return. A photographof Mr Wu standing outside the prison on the day of his release shows himclutching a big bouquet of flowers. Ms Xu notes with a smile that it was notshe, but a local well-wisher, who gave them.
The walls of their sitting room are adorned with reminders of better times: photographsof Mr Wu rubbing shoulders with senior officials in Beijing in 2005, when he was declared one ofthe country’s top 10 environmentalists; an environmental-award certificategiven by the Ford Motor company in 2006. There is also evidence of why the authorities turned sour on him. Mr Wu takes down three scrolls of calligraphyto show their reverse sides. They reveal a collection of 300-odd receipts fromthe post office, each one representing a registered letter. These were theletters Mr Wu sent to leaders in Beijingconcerning pollution in Tai Lake. He received noreplies, but kept each one of the receipts, hidden on the backs of the scrolls.He wanted to keep the police from seizing this tangible proof that at least hehad tried.
As wereported in 2008, a detachment of plain-clothessecurity officers were assigned to watch Mr Wu and Ms Xu’s houseround-the-clock while he was in prison. They did not try to ward off foreignreporters, but it was clear that their presence was aimed at discouraging allbut the most determined outsiders who might visit.
The goonshave gone, at last. The surveillance however has not stopped, or so Mr Wu believes. He points to the single-lane road that cuts through the paddy fields.Something that looks like a traffic-control camera has been erected at each ofthree crossing-points along the road. There is barely any traffic to control;such cameras are not to be seen elsewhere on these narrowest of country lanes.
Mr Wu is still a bit nervous. He took me to the lake to see a patch of noxious-smelling algae, but then fretted about attracting the attention of a nearby contingentof men who had been detailed to scoop the algae out. “It’s dangerous here,” he cautioned, referring to the men—not the poisonous blue-green scum. A little inland he introduced the owner of a fruit-tree orchard whom, Mr Wu said, hadbeen warned by officials not to complain about pollution to journalists. Sureenough, he didn't.
But Mr Wu shows little reticence when itcomes to blaming officialdom high and low, and even the Communist Party itself,for having robbed the lake of the beauty for which it was once renowned. Hetook me to see a village near his home, which he says local officials smartenedup with new houses in order to impress the high-level dignitaries who come toinspect pollution-control measures. “The local government is cheatingcentral-government officials and attacking the local masses”, he said. “Tai Lake is even more polluted than before and no one pays attention.”
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狗仔卡
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变色卡
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发表于 2010-8-11 22:40
好久不见楼主了，多谢翻译~O(∩_∩)O~
发表于 2010-8-12 00:37
