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本帖最后由 miaosi58 于 2010-9-26 17:56 编辑
【原文标题】China rises and rises, yet still gets foreign aid
【中文标题】中国越来越壮大，但仍在接受外国助力
【登载媒体】美联社
【来源地址】http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20100925/ap_on_re_us/as_china_too_big_for_aid
【译 者】 miaosi58
【翻译方式】人工
【声 明】 本翻译供Anti-CNN使用，未经AC或译者许可，不得转载。
【译 文】
文章大意：
北京——中国在2008年那场令人惊羡的奥林匹克运动会上花费了数百亿美元。
随着全球经济发展的减速迫使政府减少预算，许多国家发现这样政治上和经济上的慷慨站不住脚。
德国和英国在近几个月已经减少了援助。日本，这个中国最大以及最长久的捐赠者也在2008年中止了低息贷款。
英国人或者说西方人看到了北京奥运会和上海世博会的完美花费，这很难让英国觉得他还应该再资助中国。
经济合作发展组织的最近的数据表明2007-2008年度中国接受的捐赠款平均为26亿美元。
埃塞俄比亚的收入少十倍，收到了16亿的捐款，作为有13亿人口的国家，中国收到的帮助实在是太少了，伊拉克得到了94.62亿美元，阿富汗是34.75亿美元。
如今国外给中国的援助增加到日本一年12亿美元，紧接着是德国大约6亿，然后是法国和英国。
美国2008年给了六千五百万美元，主要用于安全核能，健康，人权以及灾难信仰项目的提升。
中国是世界银行最大的借债者，每年大概借15亿美元。
当被问及中国在经济如此迅速发展的时候为什么还需要外国的援助，商务部回答说中国仍然是一个有着两亿贫困人口的发展中国家，面临着巨大的环境和能源挑战。
日本对中国如此大方很大程度上是出于弥补20世纪30年代对中国的侵略，但是近几年日本也在考虑还要不要继续给中国资助，因为中国在接受援助的同时还在援助非洲。
中国在加大对外援助的同时也希望可以收到发达国家的资助。
【原 文】
BEIJING – China spent tens of billions of dollars on a dazzling 2008 Olympics. It has sent astronauts into space. It recently became the world's second largest economy. Yet it gets more than $2.5 billion a year in foreign government aid - and taxpayers and lawmakers in donor countries are increasingly asking why.
With the global economic slowdown crimping government budgets, many countries are finding such generosity politically and economically untenable. China says it's still a developing country in need of aid, while some critics argue that the money should go to poorer countries in Africa and elsewhere.
Germany and Britain have moved in recent months to reduce or phase out aid. Japan, long China's biggest donor, halted new low-interest loans in 2008.
"People in the U.K. or people in the West see the kind of flawless expenditure on the Olympics and the (Shanghai) Expo and it's really difficult to get them to think the U.K. should still be giving aid to China," said Adrian Davis, head of the British government aid agency in Beijing, which plans to wrap up its projects in China by March.
"I don't think you will have conventional aid to China from anybody, really, after about the next three to five years," he said.
Aid to China from individual donor countries averaged $2.6 billion a year in 2007-2008, according to the latest figures available from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
Ethiopia, where average incomes are 10 times smaller, got $1.6 billion, although measured against a population of 1.3 billion, China's share of foreign aid is still smaller than most. Iraq got $9.462 billion and Afghanistan $3.475 billion.
The aid to China is a marker of how much has changed since 1979, when the communist country was breaking out in earnest from 30 years of isolation from the West. In that year, foreign aid was a paltry $4.31 million, according to the OECD.
Today's aid adds up to $1.2 billion a year from Japan, followed by Germany at about half that amount, then France and Britain.
The U.S. gave $65 million in 2008, mainly for targeted programs promoting safe nuclear energy, health, human rights and disaster relief. The reason Washington gives so little is because it still maintains the sanctions imposed following the 1989 military crackdown on pro-democracy demonstrators at Tiananmen Square, said Drew Thompson, a China expert at the Nixon Center in Washington, D.C.
China is also one of the biggest borrowers from the World Bank, taking out about $1.5 billion a year.
Asked why China still needed foreign aid after making so much economic progress, the Commerce Ministry said that China remains a developing country with 200 million poor and big environmental and energy challenges.
The current debate spotlights the challenges of addressing poverty in middle-income countries such as China, India and Brazil, where economic growth is strong but wealth is unequally spread. After the U.S., China has the world's most billionaires, yet incomes averaged just $3,600 last year.
Roughly three-quarters of the world's 1.3 billion poor people now live in middle-income countries, according to Andy Sumner, a fellow at the Institute of Development Studies at the University of Sussex in the U.K.
That's a major shift since 1990, when 93 percent of the poor lived in low-income countries, Sumner said. It raises the question of who should help the poor in such places: their own governments or foreign donors?
Experts say it's hard to justify giving aid to China when it spent an estimated $100 billion last year equipping and training the world's largest army and also holds $2.5 trillion in foreign reserves.
"China's made a strategic choice to invest in building its military and acquiring these massive reserves, but at the same time it's underfunding social services, so I think it's going to be harder and harder for donor nations to continue to fund projects in China," said Thompson. Japan's generosity has historically been driven at least in part by a desire to make amends for its invasion of China in the 1930s. But in recent years Japanese lawmakers and officials have repeatedly questioned whether the money flow should continue, pointing to China's emergence as a donor to African countries. China provided around $1.4 billion in aid to Africa last year, according to Professor Deborah Brautigam, an expert on China-Africa relations at the American University in Washington, D.C. Japan has cut its aid down to grants and technical help for environmental and medical projects. Germany's current projects are due to be completed by 2014. China is cautious about its new status. It is proud of having lifted half a billion people out of poverty and is beginning to flex the muscle that comes with being an economic power. Yet when, for instance, it is called on to agree to binding reductions in carbon emissions, it replies that it can't because it's still a developing country. At this week's U.N. global summit on fighting poverty, Premier Wen Jiabao pledged to expand Chinese foreign aid and announced an additional $200 million in aid to flood-hit Pakistan. But he also stressed that China still had to help its own tens of millions of poor. And when Europe's top diplomat, Catherine Ashton, visited China this month, her hosts made sure to take her to a poor village in the remote southern province of Guizhou. Development aid is not always solely based on need either. Aid groups say China is an ideal place to try out projects, because the authoritarian government can expand successful ones rapidly on a large scale. But China is effectively robbing the poor by competing for grants, said Dr. Jack C. Chow, who was the lead U.S. negotiator in talks that set up the Geneva-based Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, a major funder of health programs. The $1 billion China has been awarded in grants from the fund could have paid for 67 million anti-malarial bed nets, 4.5 million tuberculosis treatments, or nearly 2 million courses of AIDS therapy in poorer countries, Chow said. "I think the milestone that China is now the second largest economy, arguably, I would say that it's no longer a developing country with the likes of sub-Saharan Africa," Chow said in an interview. "Having money from the Global Fund going to China really detracts and depletes that mission of helping people in the poorest of countries." Global Fund spokesman Jon Liden said China has not taken any money away from other countries so far, because the organization has had sufficient funds to approve all applications "of quality" that it has received. But China could help by contributing more to the fund, he said. The World Bank defends its assistance to China, saying it enables the bank to work with Beijing on climate change and projects in sub-Saharan Africa. "Sometimes there's a simplistic view that there should just be the developed countries and the very poorest countries," the bank's president, Robert Zoellick, said recently in Beijing. "But that would run exactly against ... the changes in the world economy, where the role of the emerging economies are to support demand, to take on responsibilities as stakeholders with the environment, to help support other poor countries." ___
Associated Press writer Mari Yamaguchi in Tokyo and researcher Xi Yue in Beijing contributed to this report.
接下来是网友们的尖锐评论~~~
CR
他们已经偷偷摸摸的成为了这个世界上毫无疑问的最富有的国家！
Rainbow
这是真的外国援助还是贿赂的钱？没有政府会在毫无回报的条件下给出什么的。在国际争端、贸易洽谈中给予支持等等(都可以作为条件)...
CR
别再买中国货啦！在美国用低成本卖高价钱！永远支持美国货。
PETER
请停止这些胡言乱语。
Book Of Knowledge
你们知道更加更加愚蠢的是什么吗。美国支付联合国绝大多数的钱得到的却是指控美国是911的幕后黑手。
NoneYa Business
除非美国切断中国，否则我不会再纳税了。
Pan D A
去google一下美国拥有中国多少钱。
MAN OF CONSTANT SORROW
我们在二战的时候节省了他们的靶子，他们欠我们的
Hey Man
其实有很多非中国制造的产品。问题是中国制造的产品太便宜了，并且大量的涌入市场。我宁愿支持一个合法的穷国家而不是中国。他们所谓的“5000年历史”是个什么情况？
Jeku J
为什么共产主义国家首先被资助？哦。。。我以为全世界都是反共产主义的。
Kevin
怎么可以向一个我们欠钱的国家施以经济援助呢？如果我们每年给他们25亿的资助，可不可以从我们的债务中抵消呢？
Jw Melon
问题在于如果我们一直给钱给他们，有一天我们会变得没钱，他们将会来征服。一旦我们弱到一定的程度，他们将会来侵犯。
Zcarinsurance.com
永远不要相信共产党
Latarian Milton
据我所知，世界上还没有任何国家具备足够的实力和财力来和美国打仗。美国人可以轻易地摧毁任何敌人的军队。 |
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发表于 2010-9-26 15:26
