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【中文标题】上海将取代香港成为中国的金融中心
【原文标题】Shanghai poised to take on Hong Kong as China's financial hub
【登载媒体】华盛顿邮报
【来源地址】http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp ... R2010092501884.html
【译者】vertex
【声明】本翻译供Anti-CNN使用，未经AC或译者许可，不得转载。
【原文库链接】http://bbs.m4.cn/thread-269044-1-1.html
【译文】
SHANGHAI - Chinese leaders have announced an ambitious new plan to turn this sprawling city on the Yellow River into an international finance and business center, on a par with New York and London, by the year 2020.
中国领导人宣布了一项野心勃勃的计划：2020年前，将这个黄河岸边的大都市建成国际化的金融和经济中心，与纽约和伦敦并立。
The move raises intriguing questions about Hong Kong, which already plays a similar role. Is there room for both? Can Hong Kong keep its edge? Or does Shanghai's outsize ambition threaten to supplant the former British colony down south?
这一举动引发了公众对香港耐人寻味的态度，后者已经在扮演近似的角色了。一山容二虎？香港能保持自己的优势吗？上海能威胁并取代这一英国前殖民地吗？
The questions extend beyond the financial sphere, as Shanghai's rise seems to challenge Hong Kong's long standing as China's most cosmopolitan, diverse, worldly and exciting place to live, work and do business. In everything from research and development to Disney theme parks, Shanghai and Hong Kong often seem locked in a game of urban one-upsmanship, a rivalry worthy of New York vs. Washington, or London vs. Paris.
这个问题已超出了金融的范畴，因为上海的崛起似乎正在挑战香港长期以来在中国的最国际化、多元化、世俗化和最佳居住地、工作和商业地区的形象。从科研到迪斯尼乐园，每一件事，上海和香港都似乎都在处于较劲状态，就如同纽约和华盛顿、伦敦和巴黎一样。
There's a fair amount of hometown chauvinism - and look-down-your-nose snobbery - on each side. Shanghainese are particularly proud of their city, and see it returning to its past glory as Asia's most international center. But many Hong Kongers see Shanghai as part of the still-wild, disorderly and uncouth mainland.
这就像家乡沙文主义（盲目的热爱家乡）——相互都瞧不起对方 。上海人很为自己感到自豪，因为上海曾经是亚洲最大的国际化都市。但是在香港人看来，上海仍然是乡野、混乱和粗俗的城市。
"The problem with Hong Kong is they need to change their infrastructure, especially their soft infrastructure," said economist Xu Mingqi, with the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences. "They need to attract talent, to develop science and technology."
“香港的毛病在于他们的基础设施，尤其是软实力。”经济学家徐明棋，上海社会科学院，“他们需要引进人才，发展科技。”
But a Hong Kong Chinese businessman who travels regularly to Shanghai said the difference is cultural. "Shanghai seems quite 'mainland,' and that's code-speak for not quite civilized," he said.
但是一位经常去上海的中国香港商人说两者的不同之处在于文化。“上海看起来很‘大陆’，就是文明程度不够高”。
Like others, the businessman - who asked not to be quoted by name criticizing China because he does business there - voiced the suspicion that as Hong Kong's people clamor for more democracy, Beijing may be hedging its bets. "If Beijing trusted Hong Kong 100 percent, they wouldn't need Shanghai," he said.
与其他人一样，这位商人并不像透露姓名来评论中国，因为他还在那做生意——他有这样的怀疑：香港人呼吁更多的民主，而北京在减少其压在香港的赌注。“如果北京百分百相信香港，他们就不需要上海了。”
At first glance, Hong Kong appears to have a lopsided edge in the competition. It had about a 30-year head start, since China - and Shanghai - were largely isolated from the time of the Communist takeover until the launch of Deng Xiaoping's economic reforms and opening in 1979. During that time, Hong Kong established itself as the main entrepot to the closed-off Chinese mainland.
咋一看，香港似乎很有竞争优势。在中国，和上海还在共产党的治理下与世隔绝的时候，香港经济发展了30年，直到1979年邓小平的改革开放。而那时，香港成了进入中国大陆的主要口岸。
English-speaking Hong Kong routinely ranks in surveys as one of the best places in the world to do business. Its thriving stock market has 1,273 listed companies. Its civil service is internationally recognized. Its flat tax rate is a low 15 percent, making it an attractive place for expats and their families. And, perhaps most important, its British-inherited legal system is considered one of the fairest in the world.
在调查中，通用英语的香港是世界上商业的乐土之一。其发达的股票市场有1273家上市公司。其公众服务也得到了世界的认可。平稳的税率保持在15%，对外籍人员有很强的吸引力。也许，最为重要的是，其继承自英国的法律被看做是世界上最公平的。
"People are confident in Hong Kong courts," said Patrick Chovanec, who lived in Hong Kong and now teaches at Tsinghua University's school of economics and management in Beijing. In Shanghai, by contrast, he said, "the idea of an independent judiciary doesn't exist."
“公众对香港法庭很有信心。”居住在香港，执教于清华大学经济管理学院的Patrick Chovanec说。在上海，则相反，他说“司法独立是不存在的。”
But Shanghai is racing fast to catch up.
但是上海正在奋力追赶。
A far larger city - 19 million people to Hong Kong's 7 million - its stock market, now 20 years old, is growing quickly; it lists 870 companies with a market capitalization of $2.6 billion, and thousands more mainland firms are waiting to be listed.
Shanghai is building infrastructure at breakneck speed, including a new financial center in Pudong, and using tax breaks and other incentives to try to attract foreign firms. It is outspending Hong Kong on research and development, $5 billion to about $1.5 billion, by reliable official estimates.
上海更大，拥有0.19亿人，而香港有700万；其20年的股票市场正在飞速发展，登记有870家公司和26亿的资本市场，成千家大陆公司等待上市。
上海以令人吃惊的速度发展基础设施，包括浦东的新金融中心，采用减税和其他激励手段吸引外资。据官方估计，在研究与发展上，上海花费的更多，约50亿；而香港为15亿。
Perhaps Shanghai's biggest edge is that it is part of the vast market known as the Chinese mainland. "It doesn't have a border," said Murray King, managing director for Greater China for APCO Worldwide, a business and communications consultancy based in Shanghai. "It is the head of the dragon. As long as the dragon is healthy, the head will be very, very healthy."
也许上海最大的优势就是它是中国大市场的一部分。“没有限制，”Murray King说，他是APCO中国大区领导者， 商业和通讯咨询顾问“上海是中国的领头人，只要中国没事，这个领头人就会非常非常好。”
Already, Shanghainese have some bragging rights. Their World Financial Center is taller than Hong Kong's International Commerce Center by 26 feet. And Shanghai has more Starbucks coffee shops than Hong Kong, 122 to 106 - and Starbucks is only likely to expand in Shanghai.
上海人已经有了自夸得权利。他们的金融中心比香港的国际商业中心还高26英寸。上海的星巴克比香港还多，122比106——星巴克貌似更愿意在上海发展。
Of course officials on both sides adamantly deny there is any rivalry at all, and stress that the two are more like loving, if competitive, siblings, with a single benevolent parent - in this case, the Chinese capital, Beijing.
当然，双方的政府极力否认之间有任何竞争并强调两者间感情更多些。如果有竞争，也是拥有同样慈爱父母（这里指北京）的兄弟姐妹间的竞争。
"It's not easy for the parents: We're both intelligent, capable kids," said Patrick Chan Chi-king, director of the Hong Kong economics and trade office in Shanghai. "I think they favor both of us," he said of the central government in Beijing.
“这对父母来说并不简单：我们都是聪明、有能力的孩子，”位于上海的香港经济和贸易办公室领导人Patrick Chan Chi-king说。“我认为两者都会受到欢迎。”他意指北京政府。
The Beijing government has announced its intention to make the Chinese currency, the renminbi, or yuan, an international currency, and Hong Kong now envisions for itself a new role as China's off-shore renminbi center.
北京政府已经宣布了将人民币作为国际流通货币的意图。香港设想成为中国离岸人民币中心。
"Hong Kong and Shanghai can play complimentary roles, each performing its unique role and contributing to the nation's economic development," Chan said. Some have compared the relationship to New York and Chicago, with New York having Wall Street and Chicago being the center for commodities trading.
“香港和上海正扮演着各自的角色，为国家的经济发展出力。”chan说。一些人将这一关系同纽约和芝加哥相比较，因为纽约有华尔街而芝加哥是贸易中心。
Shanghai officials, too, insist that talk of a rivalry is overblown.
上海官员也称竞争对手这一说夸张了。
"Shanghai and Hong Kong should learn together," said Liu Bo, curator of Shanghai's Urban Planning Museum, which showcases this city's world-class ambitions. "It's like we are holding hands, to develop together.”
“上海和香港应该相互学习。”上海城市规划馆的馆长刘波说，这一博物馆展出了城市向国际化发展的决心。“就如同我们握手共同发展一样。”
Nonetheless, Shanghai is pushing forward on many fronts.
不管怎样，上海很多方面都达到了领先。
"Shanghai is trying to be the Hong Kong of China," said Murray King of APCO. "It's also trying to be the Detroit of China from an automotive perspective. It's trying to be the Seattle of China from an aerospace perspective. And it's trying to be Silicon Valley from an IT perspective."
“上海努力成为中国的香港。”APCO的Murray King说，“从汽车的发展看，上海也想成为中国的底特律。从航空技术看，上海将成为中国的西雅图。而从it行业看，它将成为中国的硅谷。”
By contrast, there is a widespread feeling, both on the Yellow River and at Hong Kong harbor, that Hong Kongers paid too much attention to the wealth generated from the city's booming real estate, at the expense of almost everything else.
相反的，大多数人感觉，不论在黄河还是在香港港口，在任何开支中，香港人都更加关注从城市房地产的发展中获益。
"Hong Kong is focused on money - it's just a real estate market," said Luo Ying, who moved to Shanghai in 2001 to set up a biotech laboratory after a decade in Silicon Valley.
“香港看重钱——它只是房地产市场。”罗英（音）说，他在硅谷呆了十年后来到上海创办了生物实验室。
But that single-minded focus may be Hong Kong's saving.
但是这一简单的考虑却成就了香港的财富。
"Hong Kong's industries are hollowing out," said Xu Mingqi, the economist. "Hong Kong's science and technology base is not that strong."
“香港的工业空虚。”徐明棋说，“香港的科学和技术基础并不强大。”
Then he added: "But Hong Kong companies know how to make money."
随后他补充到：“但是香港的公司知道如何赚钱。” |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2010-9-28 22:37
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发表于 2010-9-28 23:35
