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【中文标题】中国和其他国家如何看待美国的债务危机
【原文标题】What China, Others, Are Saying About US Debt Deal
【登载媒体】福布斯网站
【来源地址】http://blogs.forbes.com/kenrapoza/2011/07/31/what-china-others-are-saying-about-us-debt-deal/
【译 者】silver365
【翻译方式】人工
【声 明】本翻译供Anti-CNN使用，未经AC或译者许可，不得转载。
【译 文】President Barack Obama said Sunday night that both houses of Congress finally reached an agreement to reduce the budget deficit and avert a debt default that would have likely sent the country into a recession.
总统奥巴马于周日晚上发表声明，国会两院最终达成消减预算赤字的协议并避免了把这个国家送到衰落境地的债务违约的可能。
“Leaders of both parties, in both chambers, have reached an agreement that will reduce the deficit and avoid default — a default that would have had a devastating effect on our economy,” Obama said in his remarks to the White House press Sunday shortly after the bill was signed. The first part of the debt deal cuts nearly $1 trillion from the federal budget over the next decade. Exact details were not immediately available.
法案签署不久后奥巴马在白宫发表声明称：“美国最终达成消减预算赤字的协议，避免了一个可能对经济有毁灭性影响的违约。”债务处理的第一个部分将在未来十年内从联邦预算中消减近一万亿美元。详情未知。
“The result would be the lowest level of annual domestic spending since Dwight Eisenhower was President,” Obama said. The debt limit and cut spending between $2 trillion and $3 trillion.
奥巴马说：“其结果将是德怀特.艾森豪威尔总统继任以来国内年度的最低开支”。债务限制和消减开支为二万亿到三万亿美元。
The Economic Times of India polled readers who said overwhelmingly that the Indian market would be impacted on Monday as investors in the US digest this weekend’s news. A total of 85% of the paper’s readers polled on line said it would impact India’s market all week.
《印度经济时代》调查了那些读者，针对性地说美国的投资者理解了这周的消息后，印度市场将受到冲击。总共85%的在线被调查报刊读者说这将冲击印度市场全周。共有85%问卷调查的读者表明它将会全周冲击印度市场
Russian newswire columnist Andrei Fedyashin said recently, before Sunday’s deal, that “cuts in social spending and higher taxes are still the only way of reducing budget expenditures and a country’s sovereign debt.”
俄罗斯新闻专栏作家安德烈fedyashin近日表示，周日交易之前，“消减社会开支和提高税收到目前为止是减少预算支出和一个国家主权债务的唯一途径。
Yao Yang, director of the China Center for Economic Research at Peking University, weighed in at China Daily. He said that the US deficit problem “is ultimately the result of the conundrum of a welfare state following the capitalist system. Both are uncompromising ideals cherished by a substantial percentage of the population. The fight will resurface in the future even if the present deadlock is broken. There is a lesson for other countries here. The best a country can do is to fence off the contagious effects of such fights and rely more on the domestic economy for further growth.”
姚洋，北京大学中国经济研究中心的主管，在《中国日报》中发表了自己的观点.他说美国财政赤字问题是资本主义社会过度福利的难题。两者都是占有大量人口比例而不妥协的理想主义者。即使现在打破僵局，未来却依旧会出现类似这样的斗争。这是给其他国家上的一堂颇具意义的课。一个国家可以做到最好的就是更多的是依靠国内经济的增长而避免这样具有传染性影响的斗争。
Also reprinted in China Daily, Mohamed El Erian, CEO of PIMCO, says, the next few weeks will provide plenty of political drama. “The baseline expectation, albeit subject to risk, is that Democrats and Republicans will find a way to avoid disruptions that would damage the fragile US economy, but that the compromise will not meaningfully address the need for sensible medium-term fiscal reforms.”
穆罕默德·埃尔-埃利安太平洋投资管理公司的首席执行官（PIMCO）也在《中国日报》发表言论，接下来将提供足够的政治戏剧。“基本期待，尽管遭受风险，民主党人和共和党人将会找到一个方法来避免破坏会伤害美国脆弱的经济, 但这个妥协不会有意义合理地解决 中期财政改革的需求。
In Brazil, an article in Folha de São Paulo, the country’s largest daily newspaper, said that Americans woke up too late to its serious spending problems. Not only government spending, but consumer spending as well. A foreign correspondent for the paper interviewed US think tanks and scholars who said that the average US citizen was “uninformed” about the country’s economy and pending debt crisis. Despite having nearly every country south of Texas run into similar debt dead ends, the US — printers of the world’s reserve currency and the largest economy — didn’t seem to flinch when society, and government, became overweight with debt. The US is in a unique world situation because of its status as world’s reserve and trade currency, and issuers of the most trustworthy debt in the market.
巴西《圣保罗之夜》，巴西发行量最大的日报，美国对它严重的消费问题觉醒的太晚了。不仅仅政府消费，也包括消费者消费。一个针对美国智库和学者的论文说，一般的美国居民对国家经济是不了解的，还有悬而未决的债务危机。尽管南田纳西州的每个郡达到相似的债务底线，美国是世界储备现金的印刷者，最大的经济体，好像当社会和政府得知债务负担过重并没有恐惧。美国在一个很奇特的世界局势，因为它作为世界储备和贸易现金的格局，被认为是市场中最值得信赖的债务。
“Americans are not well informed about the economic crises that occurred in other countries to learn from them,” said Isabel Sawhill, an analyst from the Brookings Institute in Washington. “They don’t see any parallels with crises in other countries because they think the US has the capacity to resolve all problems. The population knows there is a problem, they just don’t know to what extent or where it comes from.”
“美国对发生在其他国家的经济危机并未充分了解并向他们学习”一个华盛顿研究所的分析师称。他们没有发现其他国家的危机有什么相关性，因为他们认为美国有能力解决所有问题。大众知道这是一个问题，他们只是不知道到了什么程度或者从哪里产生的。
Linda Bilmes, a former government consultant turned Harvard lecturer in Cambridge, the main problem with the debt deal is taxes and political ignorance over tax laws. “The biggest reason our debt is so high is because George W. Bush cut taxes two times exactly when we were spending money on two wars,” Bilmes told Folha. “In the last two major US wars, taxes went up to support those expenditures.”
琳达·比尔梅斯，一个之前的政府顾问，现在是在剑桥的哈佛讲师，债务谈判的主要问题是税收和税法的政治无知。我们债务如此高的原因是因为布什在两场战争花费之后削减税收。比尔米斯告诉FOLHA,在之前的两场主要美国战争中，太高纳税来支持那些开销。在过去两年美国主要的战争中，税收上升，以支持这些支出。”
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