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本帖最后由 lilyma06 于 2011-10-20 15:35 编辑
【原帖地址】：http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-15362678
【原文标题】：Greece unrest: Athens clashes amid general strike
【译者】MacTavish_Tang
【翻译方式】人工
防暴警察与示威者在雅典的议会大厦前发生冲突
希腊的防暴警察在冲突中使用了催泪瓦斯，并且在这场几乎瘫痪了全国的罢工行动中与抗议者进行了长时间的对峙。
一些抗议者使用了燃烧瓶和石块对警察进行攻击，这使得一场由几万人参与的“散步”活动转变成为一场暴力冲突。
许多希腊人对议会正在讨论的财政紧缩计划感到十分愤怒。
欧盟领导人和各国财长已经飞往德国，共同讨论欧元区债务危机问题。
法国总统萨科齐将会见德国总理默克尔以及欧洲中央银行和国际货币基金组织的高级官员。
与此同时，由于担心本国的债务违约引起更大的危机，将诸如西班牙，意大利等其他欧元区国家拉下水，希腊方面正在竭尽全力减少政府财政赤字。
欧盟和国际货币基金组织要求希腊进行严格的财政削减作为希腊获得救市计划的条件。在欧盟领导人高层会议前，这三方还将在法兰克福举行一次会议。
防毒面具
希腊政府迄今已推出一轮财政紧缩措施。
议会将在周三与周四就新一轮的计划进行投票，该计划包括暂时解雇公共事业单位的员工。
几个星期以来，希腊的抗议活动越来越频繁，各经济部门几乎都遭受了闪电式的罢工。
工会组织了最近的一次罢工，导致许多大型集会席卷了全国。组织者声称这次示威是历次最大的。
超过七千人聚集在雅典市中心的宪法广场，在全国的其他城市，同样有示威者在抗议。
但是，在雅典的议会大厦外，防暴警察与大群年轻人产生对峙，最终两方发生严重冲突。
示威者向警察投掷烟雾弹，燃烧瓶，石块。甚至与警方进行混战。
一些年轻人戴着防毒面具，另一些则用围巾蒙住面部。
作为回应，警方发射了眩晕弹和催泪瓦斯，以保卫他们在议会大厦前的防线。
税务大决战
罢工行动导致了政府部门，企业和商店关门停业。
空中交通管制员举行12小时罢工，致使150个国内和国际航班被取消。
一名抗议者，大学讲师 Yannis Zabetakis，告诉BBC的记者，希腊目前正像在经历一场税务大决战。
Yannis Zabetakis说：“经济正在濒临死亡，作为直接受害者，我们也正处在一步步走向灭亡。财政紧缩措施并不奏效，我们中最优秀的人正在被迫移民到国外。而罢工行动虽然是痛苦的，但却是必须的，非此不能阻止危机的进一步恶化。”
希腊总理帕潘德里欧泛希社运党拥有四个议席的多数票，但是一些后座议员（原指英国议会下院中坐在后排议席的普通议员。按英国下议院的惯例，执政党议会党团领袖、在政府中任职的议员以及反对党影子内阁的成员等重要议员坐在前排，普通议员则坐在后排，故称。）威胁将会对财政紧缩措施投反对票。
近年来，希腊失业率持续上升，经济停滞，政府则债务缠身，其债务高达希腊国内生产总值的162％。
去年，欧盟设立了一个中央救助基金，并同意向希腊提供1100亿欧元。
然而贷款并未能稳定希腊的经济形式，为此欧盟不得不同意继续提供给希腊1090亿欧元。
即便如此，希腊方面仍然警告称，该国需要在11月份获得80亿欧元的援助款项，才能免于陷入没有资金支付工资和养老金的境地。
欧盟领导人和欧盟各国财长预计在本周晚些时候向希腊提供这些资金。
但是，希腊救市的持续失败导致了市场对欧元的疑虑，担心这场危机可能会蔓延到其他国家。
评论家就欧盟的救助基金，即欧洲金融稳定基金（EFSF），能否有效阻击此次危机提出了质疑。
为了保证市场信心，欧洲领导人将会在本周末举行会晤，试图寻找到维持基金的方法，比如可能通过注入更多的钱，或使通过市场调节，让基金更为自主。
本周三，默克尔重申了她整顿金融体系的承诺。她声称：“如果欧元崩溃了，欧洲也将作为殉葬品，这是我们无论如何也不能允许的！”
【原文】：
Greek riot police have fired tear gas and fought running battles with protesters, amid a 48-hour general strike that has paralysed the country.
Some protesters hurled petrol bombs and stones at the police, as a march by tens of thousands of people in central Athens turned violent.
Many Greeks are furious at the latest austerity proposals, which have now passed an initial vote in parliament.
EU leaders and global finance chiefs are in talks over the eurozone crisis.
French President Nicolas Sarkozy flew to Germany late on Wednesday to meet German Chancellor Angela Merkel and senior officials from the European Central Bank and IMF.
Greece is struggling to reduce a huge government deficit amid fears it may default and set off a crisis, engulfing other eurozone countries like Spain and Italy.
The EU and IMF have demanded tough cuts in return for two bailout packages, and their meeting in Frankfurt comes days before high-level EU talks on the crisis.
Gas masks
The Greek government has so far introduced one round of austerity measures.
Parliament gave its initial approval to a bill envisaging more cuts late on Wednesday.
A final vote is due on Thursday on the measures that include plans for temporary lay-offs of 30,000 public sector workers and further cuts to pensions and salaries.
But the government is struggling to convince lenders that it is cutting effectively enough, and public anger has been growing in recent weeks.
The latest strike was accompanied by huge rallies across the country organised by trade unions, who say the demonstrations are the largest this year.
More than 70,000 people gathered in Syntagma Square in central Athens, and thousands more in cities across the country.
But outside parliament in Athens, hundreds of riot police faced off against large groups of youths, and angry clashes followed.
Protesters threw smoke grenades, petrol bombs, bricks and stones at police, and fought scuffles and running battles with officers.
Some of the youths were wearing gas masks, others had scarves wrapped around their faces.
The police responded by firing stun grenades and tear gas as they formed a defensive ring around the parliament building.
'Taxation Armageddon'
The strike, called by both public and private sector unions, closed government departments, businesses, offices and shops.
Air traffic controllers staged a 12-hour walkout, with some 150 domestic and international flights cancelled.
One striker, university lecturer Yannis Zabetakis, told the BBC Greece was like "a taxation Armageddon".
"The economy is dying. Along with the economy, we are dying. The austerity measures are not working and our best people are being forced to go abroad," he said.
Finance Minister Evangelos Venizelos, whose offices were taken over by protesting civil servants earlier this month, appealed for support for the austerity measures.
He said it was an "agonising but necessary struggle to avoid the final and harshest point of the crisis".
Prime Minister George Papandreou's Pasok party has a four-seat majority, but some of his backbenchers have threatened to vote against the measures.
Greece has rising unemployment and a stalled economy and is saddled with a government debt that is 162% of its gross domestic product.
Last year the EU set up a central bailout fund and agreed to provide Greece with 110bn euros (£96bn; $152bn).
But the loan failed to stabilise the country's economy, and the EU later agreed another 109bn euro package.
Greece has warned that it will run out of money by November if the next 8bn-euro slice of the first bailout package is withheld.
EU leaders and finance chiefs are expected to release the money later this week.
But Greece's continuing failure has led to doubts about the euro, and fears that the crisis could spread to other countries.
Critics have also questioned whether the EU's bailout fund, known as the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF), is capable of staving off the crisis.
In a bid to reassure markets, European leaders will meet on the weekend to try to find a plan to bolster the fund - possibly by pumping more money into it, or by making it more autonomous.
In Frankfurt on Wednesday, Mrs Merkel reiterated her commitment to sorting out the system.
"If the euro fails, Europe fails. But we will not allow that," she said. |
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发表于 2011-10-20 15:24
