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本帖最后由 一个人的盛宴 于 2011-12-14 21:50 编辑
【中文标题】怀女胎孕妇面临堕胎的压力
【来源地址】http://abcnews.go.com/Health/women-pregnant-girls-pressured-abortions-india/story?id=15103950#.TuI5AFYkSSo
【译者】一个人的盛宴
【翻译方式】人工
【声明】欢迎转载，请务必注明译者和出处 bbs.m4.cn。
【原文库链接】http://bbs.m4.cn/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=3253227&page=1#pid5325874
【译文】
It is a country with a female president and where men revere female goddesses. And yet, India is far from a haven for women.
According to current estimates, Indian men outnumber women by nearly 40 million. That startling gender gap, activists say, is the result of gendercide. Nearly 50,000 female fetuses are aborted every month and untold numbers of baby girls are abandoned or murdered.
"It's the obliteration of a whole class, race, of human beings. It's half the population of India," said women's rights activist Ruchira Gupta of Apne Aap Women Worldwide.
在印度，现任的总统是女总统，人们也非常崇敬女神。但是，对女性来说，印度绝对不是生活的天堂。
根据目前的估计，印度的男性人数超过女性人数近4千万。积极主义者认为，这令人吃惊的性别人数差异是性别灭绝（gendercide）的结果。每月有近5万的女胎被打掉，数不尽的女婴遭遗弃或是杀害。
“这是整个阶级、民族乃至人类的闭塞。这占了印度总人口的一半。”笈多.古普塔（Ruchira Gupta）说。她是Apne AAP世界妇女组织的一员，积极争取妇女的权益。
Why is there such deadly discrimination against girls? Part of the answer is money. Girls are a financial burden to their parents, who must pay expensive dowries to marry them off. The dowry is a cultural tradition and the single biggest reason Indians prefer boys.
When an Indian woman gives birth to a baby boy, it is an occasion for jubilation, said women's rights activist Gita Aravamudan, author of the book, "Disappearing Daughters.".
A boy's birth is greeted "with great joy because he's going to bring in the moolah," Aravamudan said. "He's going to be the person who gets married to a girl who's bringing in the money."
为什么会出现如此严重的女童歧视？一部分原因是因为金钱。女孩们出嫁时父母必须支付昂贵的嫁妆，这对他们来说是很大的财政负担。嫁妆是印度的文化传统，这也是印度人更愿意要男孩儿的最重要的原因。
如果印度妇女生下一个男孩儿，那这便是一个喜庆的时刻，妇女权利激进维护者Gita Aravamudan说。她是《消失的女孩儿》一书的作者。
“人们以巨大的喜悦迎接男孩儿的出生，因为男孩儿会带来金钱，”Aravamudan说：“他结婚，娶女孩儿进门，女孩会带来大笔嫁妆。”
The reaction can be far different when a baby girl is born, especially when a family has more than one daughter and must face a future of having to pay more than one dowry.
"Amounts of dowry have become higher and higher, and families can get into huge debt bondage just to be able to pay the dowry to get a daughter married," Gupta said.
If a woman's family fails to pay a dowry, she might be beaten, tortured or even burned to death.
"We put very little value to girls and to women," Gupta said. "So they're always in danger from birth to death."
但是如果出生的是女孩儿，人们的反应则截然不同，尤其是当一个家庭有好几个女儿的时候，他们必须支付多比嫁妆。
嫁妆的金额越来越高，家庭为了让女儿出嫁支付昂贵的嫁妆，可能负巨额的债务，Gupta 说。
如果女方的家庭不能支付嫁妆，她可能会被殴打、折磨甚至被烧死。“我们赋予女孩和妇女的价值太低，因而她们从出生到死亡都处于危险当中。”Gupta 说。
The high rate of female fetus abortions can be traced partly to the proliferation of clinics offering ultrasounds. It is a crime in India to use an ultrasound to determine the sex of a child and it is also illegal to perform an abortion based on gender, but the laws are rarely enforced.
Aravamudan said that the Indian issue of gendercide is unrelated to the American debate on abortion.
"This is not about pro-life or pro-choice," Aravamudan said. "This is about pro-women, anti-women. I'm not against abortion. This is a crime against women and I am against that."
女性胎儿堕胎率很高，部分是因为提供超声波检测的诊所在扩散。在印度使用超声啵检查以确定孩子的性别是一种犯罪，基于性别的人工流产行为也是非法的，但它们很少被法律强制执行。
Aravamudan说，印度的性别灭绝问题与美国对堕胎问题的争论无关。“这不是反对或支持人工堕胎的问题，”Aravamudan说：“这是关于保护女性还是反女性的问题。我不反对堕胎，但这是针对妇女的犯罪，这才是我所反对的。”
Last July, in a effort to expose doctors breaking the laws, two activists with a hidden camera, posing as a husband and his five-months-pregnant wife, walked into an ultrasound clinic to hear their test results. The doctor didn't mince words, immediately breaking the law to tell the couple the gender of the fetus.
"It is not a good report as it is a girl child," he said.
He recommended the fetus be aborted and offered the woman an illegal injection to induce a miscarriage for 60,000 to 70,000 rupees -- between $1,100 and $1,300.
去年七月，两位激进分子为了揭露医生的违法行为，携带了隐形的摄像头，然后装扮成丈夫和有五个月身孕的妻子，到一家超声波诊所拿测试结果。医生特别爽快，立刻告诉了他们胎儿的性别。
“是个女儿，真不是个好消息。”医生说。他建议将胎儿打掉，并开价6万到7万卢比--约合1100到1300美元，为该孕妇非法注射，以诱发流产。
After activists submitted the sting video to authorities, the clinic was shut down, the equipment was sealed and two doctors there face possible charges. But stings like that one rarely lead to convictions.
"The very people who have to implement the law -- the police and the judiciary -- also believe that having too many girls is a burden on the family," Gupta said. "They never implement the laws because they believe in the same thing, and sometimes actually do the same thing."
In an interview with "20/20" this summer, India's then-secretary of health and family welfare, Dr. K. Chandramaouli, admitted that more needs to be done to enforce the laws intended to prevent gendercide.
"Probably, we've not been aggressive enough," Chandramaouli said.
当这两名激进者将这一视频送至当局后，诊所立刻被关闭，设备也被查封，两名医生可能会受到指控，但是类似这样的事情无关痛痒，治标不治本。
“警局、司法机构等执行法律的人也认为太多的女孩儿是家庭的负担，”Gupta说：“他们从来没有执行过相关法律，因为他们也相信女孩是负担，有时同样会做同样的事情。”
在今夏的“20/20”采访时，印度时任卫生和家庭福利秘书长K. Chandramaouli承认，为了使防止性别灭绝得法律得到更好地执行，还需要采取更多的措施。“也许，我们所采取的力度还不够。”Chandramaouli说。
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发表于 2011-12-14 21:58
