本帖最后由 小明啊 于 2011-12-16 13:29 编辑
外媒报道：美国发现中国间谍老巢
【登载媒体】 The Wall Street Journal
【来源地址】http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204336104577094690893528130.html
【译者】小布Lasia
【翻译方式】人工
【声明】欢迎转载，请务必注明译者和出处 bbs.m4.cn。
【译文】
WASHINGTON—U.S. intelligence agencies have pinpointed many of the Chinese groups responsible for cybers pying in the U.S., and most are sponsored by the Chinese military, according to people who have been briefed on the investigation. 美国情报局指出，根据相关人士在该调查中的简单介绍，很多中国团体参与了美国的网络间谍，并且都有中国政府支持。
Armed with this information, the U.S. has begun to lay the groundwork to confront China more directly about cyber spying. Two weeks ago, U.S. officials met with Chinese counterparts and warned China about the diplomatic consequences of economic spying, according to one person familiar with the meeting.
获知此消息后，美方开始行动并直接对抗中国的网络黑客。两周前美国官员和中方会面。一位熟悉此会议的人声称，美方警告了中国在经济上的间谍活动会带来的外交后果。
The Chinese cyber spying campaign stems largely from a dozen groups connected to China's People's Liberation Army and a half-dozen nonmilitary groups connected to organizations like universities, said those who were briefed on the investigation. Two other groups play a significant role, though investigators haven't determined whether they are connected to the military.
中国黑客大部分来自与解放军相关的机构，另外一部分则来自像大学这样的非军方组织。另外两个团体也在其中起到了很大的作用，尽管调查者并不能确定他们是否和军方有关。
In many cases, the National Security Agency has determined the identities of individuals working in these groups, which is a critical development that provides the U.S. the option of confronting the Chinese government more directly about the activity or responding with a counterattack, according to former officials briefed on the effort.
经过简单的调查，美国国家安全局已经确定了一些黑客的身份。不论是直接面对中国政府还是反击，这对于美方都是很大的进展。
"It's actually a small number of groups that do most of the PLA's dirty work," said James Lewis, a cyber security specialist at the Center for Strategic and International Studies who frequently advises the Obama administration. "NSA is pretty confident of their ability to attribute [cyber espionage] to this set of actors."
战略与国际研究中心的网络专家James Lewis认为，一小部分人完成了所有中国军方的这些间谍活动。美国国家安全局认为他们的能力足以找到这些行动者的来源。
In early November, the U.S. chief of counterintelligence issued a report that was unusually blunt in accusing China of being the world's "most active and persistent" perpetrator of economic spying. Lawmakers have also become more vocal in calling out China for its widening campaign of cyber espionage.
11月初，美国反情报局发布了一个报告，直接指责中国是世界上最积极和持久的经济间谍活动的作恶者。立法议员在控告中国扩大了黑客活动上也更有力度。
Still, diplomatic considerations may limit the U.S. interest in taking a more confrontational approach because some U.S. officials are wary of angering China, the largest holder of U.S. debt.
一些美国官员害怕惹怒持有美国最多国债的中国，因此这些外交上的顾虑也限制了美方用更持久的战术来对抗中方。
A spokesman at the Chinese Embassy in Washington didn't respond to requests to comment. Chinese officials regularly dispute U.S. allegations of cyber spying, saying they are the victims, not the perpetrators, of cybercrime and cyber espionage. An NSA spokeswoman declined to comment.
驻华盛顿中国大使馆的发言人并不回应美方的需要。中国一贯拒绝网络袭击的指控，说自己也是受害者。美国国家安全局的一位女发言人拒绝对此作出评论。 Identifying adversaries has been difficult because it is easy to fake identities and locations in cyberspace. An inability to tie cyber spying activities with precision to a certain actor has in the past limited the U.S.'s ability to respond because it's hard to retaliate or confront an unidentified adversary. 美方很难拿出黑客的铁证，因为在网络空间中伪造身份和地点是一件容易的事情。过去无法把身份不明的黑客和网络攻击联系起来，这限制了美方反击的能力。
The U.S. government, led by the National Security Agency, has tracked the growing Chinese cyber spying campaign against the U.S. for decades. Past government efforts have had exotic names like "Titan Rain," and "Byzantine Hades."
数十年来，美国政府一直在追踪日益扩大的针对美国的中国黑客活动。这些网络攻击调查还有一些代号，比如“骤雨”和“拜占庭冥王”。
More recently, NSA and other intelligence agencies have made significant advances in attributing cyber attacks to specific sources—mostly in China's People's Liberation Army—by combining cyber forensics with ongoing intelligence collection through electronic and human spying, Mr. Lewis said.
近来，美国国家安全局和其他情报机构在此方面也有了很大进展。路易斯说，通过电子和人类间谍进行数字取证和持续的情报收集，他们发现黑客的大部分来源是中国人民解放军。
The U.S. investigation of China's activities is the latest round of spy-versus-spy in cyberspace.
美方对中国的调查是网络空间里最新一轮的间谍之战。
The activity breaks down into cyber spying efforts by 20 groups with different attack styles that are responsible for most of the cyber theft of U.S. secrets, said the people briefed on the investigation. U.S. intelligence officials have given different classified code names to each group.
调查者简单介绍说，这次活动把黑客的成果分成了20组。他们各自的干案手法不同，泄漏了美方大部分秘密。美国情报官员将各组用不同的代号分类。
U.S. intelligence officials can identify different groups based on a variety of indicators. Those characteristics include the type of cyber attack software they use, different Internet addresses they employ when stealing data, and how attacks are carried out against different targets. In addition to U.S. government agencies, major targets of these groups include U.S. defense contractors, according to former officials.
美方情报机构官员能根据各样的特征来分辨这些不同的群体。这些特征包括黑客们使用的网络攻击软件的类型，窃取数据时不同的网络地址，以及对于不同的攻击目标使用的方法。美方官员曾经声称，除了政府机构，这些群体攻击的主要目标还包括美国国防契约企业。
Collectively, these groups employ hundreds of people, according to former officials briefed on the effort. That number is believed to be small compared to the estimated 30,000 to 40,000 censors the Chinese government is believed to employ to patrol the Internet.
这些团体一起雇佣了几百个人。不过和中国政府被认为用来侦察网络的三万到四万个检查员比起来，这个数字还是比较小的。
The Chinese government is believed to have been behind a number of recent major cyber break-ins, including multiple hacks of Google Inc. and the EMC Corp.'s RSA unit, which makes the numerical tokens used by millions of corporate employees to access their network.
中国政府被认为支持了最近的很多网络入侵活动，包括谷歌公司和EMC公司RSA单元的多重黑客。成千上万的公司员工因此使用数字代号来访问他们的网络。
A cyber attack revealed this year on Lockheed Martin Corp. is also believed to have been traced to China, and the Chinese are believed to have been responsible for an infiltration a few years ago of the Pentagon's Joint Strike Fighter weapons program, which is also managed by Lockheed.
洛克西德马丁公司今年被黑客攻击也被认为和中国有关。美方认为，中国渗透了该公司十几年前主导的五角大楼联合攻击战斗机计划。
The counterintelligence report released last month predicted that China's espionage efforts will continue to grow.
上个月发布的反间谍报告预示，中国的黑客活动将会持续扩大攻击范围。
| 
狗仔卡
楼主
提升卡
变色卡
抢沙发
千斤顶
显身卡
发表于 2011-12-16 11:26
