【纽约时报20130429】阿富汗领导人确认CIA提供现金

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【中文标题】阿富汗领导人确认CIA提供现金
【原文标题】Afghan Leader Confirms Cash Deliveries by C.I.A.
【登载媒体】纽约时报
【原文作者】By MATTHEW ROSENBERG
【原文链接】http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/30/world/asia/karzai-acknowledges-cash-deliveries-by-cia.html
【相应消息之中媒报道】DW: 中情局“大袋”向阿富汗扔“鬼钱”
【中文链接】http://www.dw.de/中情局大袋向阿富汗扔鬼钱/a-16779426

Afghan Leader Confirms Cash Deliveries by C.I.A.
By MATTHEW ROSENBERG

KABUL, Afghanistan — President Hamid Karzai acknowledged Monday that the Central Intelligence Agency has been dropping off bags of cash at his office for a decade, saying the money was used for “various purposes” and expressing gratitude to the United States for making the payments.

Mr. Karzai’s comments, made at a news conference in Helsinki, Finland, where he is traveling, were not without precedent. When it emerged in 2010 that one of his top aides was taking bags of cash from Iran, Mr. Karzai readily confirmed those reports and expressed gratitude for the money. Iran cut off its payments last year after Afghanistan signed a strategic partnership deal with the United States over Iran’s objections.

The C.I.A. money continues to flow, Mr. Karzai said Monday. “Yes, the office of national security has been receiving support from the United States for the past 10 years,” he told reporters in response to a question. “Not a big amount. A small amount, which has been used for various purposes.” He said the money was paid monthly.

Afghan officials who described the payments before Monday’s comments from Mr. Karzai said the cash from the C.I.A. was basically used as a slush fund, similarly to the way the Iranian money was. Some went to pay supporters; some went to cover other expenses that officials would prefer to keep off the books, like secret diplomatic trips, officials have said.

After Mr. Karzai’s statement on Monday, the presidential palace in Kabul said in a statement that the C.I.A. cash “has been used for different purposes, such as in operations, assisting wounded Afghan soldiers and paying rent.” The statement continued, “The assistance has been very useful, and we are thankful to them for it.”

The C.I.A. payments open a window to an element of the war that has often gone unnoticed: the agency’s use of cash to clandestinely buy the loyalty of Afghans. The agency paid powerful warlords to fight against the Taliban during the 2001 invasion. It then continued paying Afghans to keep battling the Taliban and help track down the remnants of Al Qaeda. Mr. Karzai’s brother, Ahmed Wali, who was assassinated in 2011, was among those paid by the agency, for instance.

But the cash deliveries to Mr. Karzai’s office are of a different magnitude with a far wider impact, helping the palace finance the vast patronage networks that Mr. Karzai has used to build his power base. The payments appear to run directly counter to American efforts to clean up endemic corruption and encourage the Afghan government to be more responsive to the needs of its constituents.

“I thought we were trying to clean up waste, fraud and abuse in Afghanistan,” said Mr. Chaffetz, whose House subcommittee has investigated corruption in the country. “We have no credibility on this issue when we’re complicit ourselves. I’m sure it was more than a few hundreds dollars.”

In Afghanistan, reaction to reports of the payments ranged from conspiratorial to bemused. A former adviser to Mr. Karzai said the palace was rife with speculation that the details of the payments had been leaked to settle a bureaucratic or diplomatic score, either by Afghans or by American officials.

Outside official circles, some Afghans offered a lighter take. “They make it sound as if it was a charity money dashed by a spy agency,” wrote Sayed Salahuddin, an Afghan journalist, on Twitter, referring to the palace statement that money had been used to help wounded soldiers. “They must have ‘treated’ many people.”

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美国媒体报道称，中情局多年来一直向阿富汗总统府提供大量现金，为的是维护华盛顿对卡尔扎伊的影响力。而这些“鬼钱”，却严重助长了阿富汗当地的腐败。

（德国之声中文网）《纽约时报》本周一（４月２９日）援引一位现任阿富汗领导人顾问报道称，美国中央情报局（CIA）十几年来一直用旅行箱、背包和塑料购物袋把数千万美元的现钞运往阿富汗总统卡尔扎伊的办公室。

报道援引一位美国官员表示，这些所谓的"鬼钱"本来的用处是帮助中情局扩大在当地的影响力，但实际上却助长了腐败，并让地方军阀从中获利，破坏了华盛顿退出阿富汗的战略。一位美国官员向《纽约时报》表态称："阿富汗腐败的最大来源就是美国。"

中情局至少间接助长了阿富汗的腐败
中情局拒绝就此报道发表评论，美国国务院也没有立即置评。《纽约时报》也没有发布任何来自卡尔扎伊或其办公室的表态。

"鬼钱"来无影、去无踪
曾经于２００２至２００５年期间担任卡尔扎伊总参谋长的罗曼（Khalil Roman）向《纽约时报》透露："我们管这些钱叫'鬼钱'，它们来无影、去无踪。"报道称，十多年来，差不多每个月都会有这样的现金被运到阿富汗总统的办公室。

自从阿富汗战争开始以来，向当地运送大量现金早已经成为美国中央情报局的常规做法。
《纽约时报》在报道中表示，与美国向阿富汗所提供的援助资金，或中情局向阿富汗情报机关提供的官方援助项目，包括财政援助等不同，这些出现在阿富汗总统办公室的现金看上去并没有受到相应的监管和限制。同时，这种做法看上去也没有违反美国的法律。

美国用现金买"人情"？
这位阿富汗官员告诉《纽约时报》，没有证据表明，卡尔扎伊本人能够从中获利。阿富汗国家安全委员会处理了这些现金。

文章援引对此较为熟悉的美国及阿富汗官方人员报道称，向卡尔扎伊提供现金的主要目的在于，维护美国和阿富汗总统以及其圈内领导人的联系，确保中情局在阿富汗总统府的影响力。在该国政府高度集权的组织结构中，总统府掌握着巨大的权力。

台前握手,台后数钞票?
《纽约时报》声称，其中一大部分现金流到了军阀以及政客的口袋里，他们中有许多人和毒品交易以及塔利班组织有所关联。该报援引美国和阿富汗官员报道称，中情局努力支持的人脉网络和美国外交人士以及司法部门努力取缔的目标一致，这也让政府受到有组织犯罪活动的牵连。

大把美钞落入贼手
２０１０年，卡尔扎伊表示他的办公室收到了来自伊朗的现金袋，但这是一种公开的援助，能够帮助总统府支付日常开支。那时他表示，美国也会用类似的方式提供资金。
《纽约时报》最新的报道声称，伊朗提供的一大部分现金和中情局提供的资金一样，最后都流到军阀和政客手中。

卡尔扎伊执政１１年中的大部分时间里，政府没有多大兴趣整治军队和警察的腐败作风。这两个权力最大的国家机关每年都能从出资方那里筹集数十亿美元的资金，但却一直无法有效的成立和维持一支专业的安全力量。

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