The trend is for increased labelling where GM feed has been used. In the last two years,
France and Germany have introduced GM free labelling schemes for animal products; and
major supermarket chains in Italy, Switzerland and the UK either prohibit the use of GM
animal feed in their own brands or provide clear choice. This will bring new transparency in
the European market, which currently imports significant amounts of GM animal feed.
Voluntary GM labelling has proved just as deadly to GM products as government regulations.
趋势是倾向于已使用的转基因饲料标识的激增。在过去的两年中,法国和德国已引入了
用于动物产品的非转基因标识体系;同时意大利、瑞士和英国的主要连锁超市也都禁止在其
自有品牌使用转基因动物饲料或提供明确的选择。此举将为目前转基因动物饲料进口量相当
大的欧洲市场带来新的透明度。经事实验证表明,对转基因产品而言,义务性的转基因标识
如同政府规章制度一样致命。
GM Grasses and domestic GM crop
development
转基因草与国内转基因作物的发展
Lack of industry support for trialling food crops
粮食作物试验缺乏产业支持
GM grasses are running 10‐15 years behind schedule due to technical difficulties and will
not be on the market until 2022 at the earliest. Only one variety ‐ drought resistant ryegrass‐
has progressed to field trials (in the US and Australia) and potential on farm benefits remain
speculative. (Sustainability Council 2011; Straight Furrow 2012b)
由于技术难题,转基因草 这一项目的上马比计划晚了 10—15年,而且往早了说,
最少到 2022年以前是不会面市的。只有一个品种——耐旱黑麦草——已进行到了田间试验
(米国和澳大利亚)的阶段而且在农业效益潜在性上却仍然是投机性的。(可持续发展委员
会 2011年;新西兰农村新闻网 2012b)
Trials of GM vegetable and fruit are unlikely for the foreseeable future because Horticulture
New Zealand has made clear that it does not want to see GM horticulture crops.
(HortNZ 2009)
转基因蔬菜与水果的试验在可以预见的未来是不可能的,因为新西兰园艺协会已明确
表态其不希望看到转基因园艺作物。(新西兰园艺协会 2009)
GM grass trials held up by lack of industry agreement,
not legal barriers
转基因草试验因缺乏
产业认同而中止,而非由于
法律障碍
Plans to move field trials Plans to move field trials to New Zealand were abandoned in 2009
because AgResearch and Pastoral Genomics could not get backing from the pastoral
industry to move into the field. Industry concern about market reactions was the reason for
this. (AgResearch 2011; Sustainability Council 2012)
2009年,由于新西兰皇家研究院农业研究所与畜牧基因研究协会不能获得来自畜牧业
的支持而进入田间,将田间试验引入新西兰的计划被终止了。产业方面对市场反应的担忧
是此事件的原因。(皇家农业研究所 2011;可持续发展协会 2012)
After more than three decades of public investment, the domestic R+D effort has yet to
produce a commercial product.
在政府投资三十多年后,国内的研发努力才孕育了一种商业化产品。
Two field trials are underway in New Zealand: AgResearch's GM livestock and Scion's GM
pine trees.
在新西兰,正进行着两个田间试验:皇家农业研究所的转基因家畜和皇家研究院林业
研究所的转基因松树。
GM grasses an all‐or‐nothing proposal
转基因草,一项要么全部接受
要么全部放弃的提议
Government and industry agree that there is no way to contain GM grasses. As such, release
(and some types of field trialling) of GM grasses is an irreversible decision that could
ultimately affect all pastoral production – through market perceptions as well as in the supply
chain.
令政府与产业同意的是,没有办法防止转基因草的蔓延。事实上,转基因草的释放
(以及某些类型的田间试验)是不可挽回的决定,此决定终将影响所有畜牧业生产——
通过市场及供应链均可感知到。
Cisgenics is still GM… and will not be “invisible”
in the market
基因顺化仍然是转基因
并且在市场上不会是
“看不见的”
GM grass developer, Pastoral Genomics, has tried to overcome consumer concerns by
genetically engineering grasses using genes from the same species – a technique it calls
cisgenics.
转基因草研发者,畜牧基因研究协会已通过使用相同种类的基因植入转基因草——
一种被其称之为基因顺化的技术来试图克服消费者的担忧。
But cisgenics is still GM and will not be “invisible” as Pastoral Genomics suggests because
genetic tests can reveal its presence. Powerful retail groupings such as GlobalGAP require
disclosure of any GM feed used and it is the labels they apply to products that can unmask
the use of GM grasses.
但是,正如畜牧基因研究协会所推荐的一样,基因顺化仍然是转基因且不会是
“不可见的”,因为基因试验可披露其存在。零售集团巨头们,例如GlobalGAP,就
要求对任何一种被使用的转基因饲料进行公开,而且,正是其应用于产品上的标识才能
披露转基因草的用途。