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【原文标题】China air quality dire but ‘improving’ 【中文标题】中国空气质量糟糕但在“好转” 【文章来源】法新社 【原文链接】http://news.yahoo.com/china-air-quality-dire-improving-greenpeace-074530277.html;_ylt=AwrBEiEF9MBUkVQA5DjQtDMD
2014年12月9日北京的雾霾天气
Beijing (AFP) - The skies of China's notoriously smog-filled cities saw a marginal improvement last year, according to figures released by Greenpeace Thursday, but pollution remained far above national and international standards. 据Greenpeace周四发布数据今日发布数据显示，去年中国大气污染情况的好转。
China's cities are often hit by heavy pollution, blamed on coal-burning by power stations and industry, as well as vehicle use, and it has become a major source of discontent with the ruling Communist Party. 中国的城市经常遭遇严重的大气污染，主要原因在于发电厂和工业用煤、以及汽车尾气排放，同时这也是民众对中央工作不满的问题之一。
Retired senior officials have acknowledged that it may kill as many as half a million people a year. 退休高级官员承认，空气污染每年导致几十万人死亡。
Levels of PM2.5 -- airborne particulates with a diameter small enough to deeply penetrate the lungs -- fell year-on-year in 71 of the 74 cities monitored by the ministry of environmental protection, the figures showed. PM2.5是一种悬浮在空气的细颗粒物，其直径小于等于2.5微米，能够穿过肺部。数据显示，在监控的74个城市中，有71个城市的PM2.5浓度逐年下降。
But in China's most polluted city, Xingtai, they still averaged 131.4 micrograms per cubic metre. In Beijing, they were 83.2 micrograms per cubic metre, and 52.2 in Shanghai, the country's financial centre. 邢台是中国大气污染最严重的城市，PM2.5浓度达每立方米131.4微克。而在北京和上海，PM2.5数值分别为83.2和52.2。
The World Health Organization recommends a maximum average exposure of 25 micrograms per cubic metre in a 24-hour period, and 10 micrograms per cubic metre over a year. 在世界卫生组织对PM2.5提出的标准中，24小时平均浓度限值为25微克/立方米，365天平均浓度限值为10微克/立方米。
China's own standard is 35 micrograms per cubic metre over a year. 而中国对本国制定的标准为全年平均浓度限制为35微克/立方米。
The statistics released by Greenpeace were based on official data from China's ministry of environmental protection. Greenpeace的数据是以中国环境保护部的官方数据为基础发表的。
It makes current levels available online but does not publicly release historical data or averages. The figures were compiled by Fresh-Ideas Studio, the operator of a popular pollution monitoring app. 目前的数据可以在场上查到，但 历史数据或者历史平均值并没有被公布。这组数据来自于“全国空气质量指数” APP的运营者Fresh-Ideas Studio。
The numbers showed that Xingtai, in the northern province of Hebei, enjoyed a 15.3 percent improvement, with Beijing levels falling 7.7 percent and Shanghai dropping 14.0 percent. 这组数据显示，河北北部城市邢台的空气质量提高了15.3%，而北京和上海分别下降了7.7%和14.0%。
The environmental campaign group also released a short film on the subject by renowned director Jia Zhangke, whose prize-winning 2013 movie "A Touch of Sin" was denied a Chinese release by the country's censors. 同时Greenpeace还发布了有贾樟柯导演的一部纪录短片《人在霾途》。贾樟柯曾在2013年凭借《天注定》荣获多项国际大奖，但该片却没有通过中国国内的电影审查。
"Smog Journeys", tells the story of two families, one in China's coal belt and the other in Beijing, showing how neither wealth nor education can defend against smog. It closes with a child in Beijing drawing pictures on dust-covered cars of a world he hopes to live in, complete with a radiant sun. 《人在霾途》讲的是两个家庭的故事，一个生活在中国的矿区，另一个生活在北京。影片展示了无论是财富还是教育都不能抵挡雾霾。故事的结尾是一个小男孩在布满尘土的汽车上画了一个他梦想中闪耀着阳光的世界。
"Clean air is a basic necessity for healthy living," said Yan Li, Greenpeace East Asia's head of climate and energy. "It's sad if children grow up with more smog than clean air and blue skies, as depicted in Jia's film. Bringing back clean air needs to be a priority and it requires urgent action." Greenpeace东亚气候与能源项目经理李雁称：“干净的空气是健康生活的必需品。如果孩子成长在感受不到干净的空气和湛蓝的天空而是充满雾霾的世界，那是非常可悲的，就像贾樟柯《人在霾途》里面所描绘那样。要把干净的空气带回来，而且必须马上行动起来。”
Public discontent about the environment has grown in China, leading the government to declare a "war on pollution" and vow to reduce the proportion of energy derived from fossil fuels. But it has shied away from pledging to cut total national coal use. 由于中国越来越多民众对环境污染问题感到不满，中国政府宣布开展治理环境的活动，并呼吁减少化石燃料占能源消耗的比重。但中国政府一直不肯承诺减少整个国家对煤的使用量。
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