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英国独立报六月五日刊登文章：
Revealed: Secret plan to keep Iraq under US control
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/revealed-secret-plan-to-keep-iraq-under-us-control-840512.html
新华网引述这篇报道：
http://news.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2008-06/06/content_8317831.htm
不管下届美国总统来自共和党还是民主党，美国总统乔治·Ｗ·布什似乎都有办法实现美国军队永久性驻扎伊拉克的目标。
英国《独立报》５日报道，美国副总统迪克·切尼办公室正积极推动伊拉克政府与美国政府尽早签署驻军地位协定，允许美军在伊拉克拥有永久性军事基地、控制伊拉克部分领空……
永久加特权 美军现阶段在伊拉克部署有１５．１万名驻军。即使美军７月按计划撤军，仍将有１４．２万人继续驻扎伊拉克，比２００７年初增兵时多出１万人。
《独立报》记者获悉，根据美国提议签署的驻军地位协定，
》美军可长期使用超过５０个位于伊拉克境内的军事基地；
》美军士兵和美国承包商在伊拉克将享有司法豁免权；
》驻伊美军可在未经伊政府允许的前提下实施逮捕、展开军事行动；
》布什政府要求高度大约8.８千米以下伊拉克领空的控制权。
报道说，布什把这一协定确立的美伊安全关系称为“战略联盟”，决意敦促伊政府“照单全收”美方提出的条款并在７月底签署。
随着协定内容陆续曝光，伊朗和阿拉伯世界一片哗然。伊朗前总统阿里·阿克巴尔·拉夫桑贾尼３日说，这一协定将实现美军对伊拉克的“永久占领”，“协定的实质是把伊拉克人变成美国人的奴隶”。
爆炸性效果
美方已多次否认要在伊拉克建立永久军事基地。驻伊美军发言人凯文·贝格纳４日重申：“美军无意在伊拉克拥有永久性军事基地。”然而，伊方一名不愿公开姓名的消息人士透露，这只是美国“哄骗伊拉克政府的策略”。
报道说，伊拉克政府签署协定将在国内政坛产生爆炸性效果。伊政府不少官员担心，这份协定将动摇伊拉克在中东地区的地位，为国内安全局势埋下隐忧。
“这是对伊拉克主权的严重破坏，”一名伊拉克官员告诉《独立报》记者，协定将使伊拉克政府成为美国的傀儡和走卒。
逊尼派阿拉伯议员哈拉夫·伊拉扬则认为，伊美两国都应等到美国政府明年换届后再考虑签署协定。美联社报道，伊拉扬的观点与美国民主党议员不谋而合，连一些共和党议员都质疑布什政府在选举年推动这样一份协定意义何在。
布什政府坚持认为，这项协定不是条约，因此无需参议院投票表决。他们还反对伊拉克就这一协定举行全民公决。什叶派宗教人士穆克塔达·萨德尔呼吁支持者每周五举行示威活动，表达反对协定的呼声。
搅乱美政坛
《独立报》援引伊拉克政治分析师的话说，虽然伊拉克官员们表示拒绝签署任何有损伊拉克主权的协定，但最终可能还是会签，现在这样说只是替自己树立伊拉克主权独立捍卫者的形象。
报道说，协定一旦签署，势必在美国政坛引起轩然大波，同时搅动美国政党政治。布什急于签署协定，一方面意在宣布伊拉克战争获胜，为发动伊拉克战争辩护；另一方面，协定把美国在伊拉克的军事存在合法化、长期化，有助于对抗民主党总统竞选人贝拉克·奥巴马尽早撤军的竞选承诺。
此外，选择在今夏签署协定将使共和党总统竞选人约翰·麦凯恩备受鼓舞。麦凯恩曾说，美国即将获得伊战胜利，而奥巴马“不成熟”的撤军决定将错失这场胜利。（卜晓明）
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《独立报》原文：
Revealed: Secret plan to keep Iraq under US control
Bush wants 50 military bases, control of Iraqi airspace and legal immunity for all American soldiers and contractors
By Patrick Cockburn
Thursday, 5 June 2008
JIM WATSON/AFP/Getty Images
George Bush with General David Petraeus at Al-Asad Air Base in Anbar Province, Iraq, last year
A secret deal being negotiated in Baghdad would perpetuate the American military occupation of Iraq indefinitely, regardless of the outcome of the US presidential election in November.
The terms of the impending deal, details of which have been leaked to The Independent, are likely to have an explosive political effect in Iraq.Iraqi officials fear that the accord, under which US troops would occupy permanent bases, conduct military operations, arrest Iraqis and enjoy immunity from Iraqi law, will destabilise Iraq's position in the Middle East and lay the basis for unending conflict in their country.
But the accord also threatens to provoke a political crisis in the US.President Bush wants to push it through by the end of next month so he can declare a military victory and claim his 2003 invasion has been vindicated. But by perpetuating the US presence in Iraq, the long-term settlement would undercut pledges by the Democratic presidential nominee, Barack Obama, to withdraw US troops if he is elected president in November.
The timing of the agreement would also boost the Republican candidate, John McCain, who has claimed the United States ison the verge of victory in Iraq – a victory that he says Mr Obama would throw away by a premature military withdrawal.
America currently has 151,000 troops in Iraq and, even after projected withdrawals next month, troop levels will stand at more than 142,000 – 10 000 more than when the military "surge" began in January 2007. Under the terms of the new treaty, the Americans would retain the long-term use of more than 50 bases in Iraq. American negotiators are also demanding immunity from Iraqi law for US troops and contractors, and a free hand to carry out arrests and conduct military activities in Iraq without consulting the Baghdad government.
The precise nature of the American demands has been kept secret until now. The leaks are certain to generate an angry backlash in Iraq. "It is a terrible breach of our sovereignty,"said one Iraqi politician, adding that if the security deal was signed it would delegitimise the government in Baghdad which will be seen as an American pawn.
The US has repeatedly denied it wants permanent bases in Iraq but one Iraqi source said: "This is just atactical subterfuge." Washington also wants control of Iraqi air space below 29,000ft and the right to pursue its "war on terror" in Iraq,giving it the authority to arrest anybody it wants and to launch military campaigns without consultation.
Mr Bush is determined to force the Iraqi government to sign the so-called "strategic alliance" without modifications, by the end of next month. But it isal ready being condemned by the Iranians and many Arabs as a continuing American attempt to dominate the region. Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani,the powerful and usually moderate Iranian leader, said yesterday that such a deal would create "a permanent occupation". He added: "The essence of this agreement is to turn the Iraqis into slaves of the Americans."
Iraq's Prime Minister, Nouri al-Maliki, is believedto be personally opposed to the terms of the new pact but feels his coalition government can not stay in power without US backing.
The deal also risks exACerbating the proxy war being fought between Iranand the United States over who should be more influential in Iraq.
Although Iraqi ministers have said they will reject any agreement limiting Iraqi sovereignty, political observers in Baghdad suspect they will sign in the end and simply want to establish their credentials as defenders of Iraqi independence by a show of defiance now. The one Iraqi with the authority to stop deal is the majority Shia spiritual leader, GrandAyatollah Ali al-Sistani. In 2003, he forced the US to agree to areferendum on the new Iraqi constitution and the election of aparliament. But he is said to believe that loss of US support would drastically weaken the Iraqi Shia, who won a majority in parliament inelections in 2005.
The US is adamantly against the new security agreement being put to a referendum in Iraq, suspecting that it would be voted down. The influential Shia cleric Muqtada al-Sadr has calledon his followers to demonstrate every Friday against the impending agreement on the grounds that it compromises Iraqi independence.
The Iraqi government wants to delay the actual signing of the agreement but the office of Vice-President Dick Cheney has been trying to force it through. The US ambassador in Baghdad, Ryan Crocker, has spent weeks trying to secure the accord.
The signature of a security agreement, and a parallel deal providing a legal basis for keeping US troops in Iraq, is unlikely to be accepted by most Iraqis. But the Kurds, who make up a fifth of the population, will probably favour acontinuing American presence, as will Sunni Arab political leaders who want US forces to dilute the power of the Shia. The Sunni Arabcommunity, which has broadly supported a guerrilla war against US occupation, is likely to be split.
[ 本帖最后由 空气稀薄 于 2008-6-8 18:47 编辑 ] |
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