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噶玛巴喇嘛
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
原文标题：Tibet’s Rising Son
中文标题：日升西藏
登载媒体：美国 新闻周刊
原文链接：
http://www.newsweek.com/id/185796
翻译方式：AC团队协作翻译
翻译人员：朝露晨光，kingbayern，realgen，realgen的同学“Allen”，KenMartin，eternity，krypton，picarqu
感谢AC会员墨羽的指正
声明：Anti-CNN原创翻译作品，仅供学习交流，转载请注明出处及连接，任何个人或组织不得将相关作品用于任何形式的商业目的，对此产生的一切后果，由使用方自负。
[1]Traditionally, the Karmapa Lama would not become the leader of the Tibetan people. Tradition may need to change.
Prayers in Exile: Can the Karmapa Lama succeed where the Dalai Lama has failed?
传统上，噶玛巴喇嘛是不能作为藏人的领导人的。但是，传统有可能要改变了。
流亡藏人的祷告：达赖喇嘛未成功的事业，噶玛巴喇嘛能成功吗？
By Patrick Symmes | NEWSWEEK
Published Feb 21, 2009
From the magazine issue dated Mar 2, 2009
时代周刊记者 Patrick Symmes
2009年2月21日 发稿
2009年3月2日印刷
[2] For a god, he is a nice young man. lean and assured, dressed in red and gold, the Karmapa Lama is a scholar-prince greeted with bows wherever he treads. He switches between Chinese and Tibetan fluently, studies Korean at night and occasionally interrupts a translator to voice polite outrage in English. In his temporary quarters, at a new monastery outside Bodh Gaya in eastern India, he can be glimpsed at dusk, between courtly duties, pacing slowly on a lofty terrace that overlooks women gathering wheat from the parched fields below.
作为一个神，他是一个精致的年轻男人。身材清瘦、表情自信、穿着红黄相间的袈裟，噶玛巴喇嘛总是像一个儒雅的王子一般接受着他人的鞠躬。他在汉语和藏语间流利自如地切换，晚上会学习朝鲜语，有时候还会礼貌地用英语纠正翻译的一些发音上的问题。印度东部菩提伽耶外的一个新的寺庙是噶玛巴喇嘛的临时住所，黄昏时分，人们常会看到他在高高的台阶上慢行，眺望着下方在焦干的田地里收割麦子的妇人。
[3] The Karmapa, now a handsome 24-year-old with a shaved head, was born to a family of nomads in 1985. But then a party of monks, told to search "east of snow" for their new leader, found him in eastern Tibet. At the age of 7, he was enthroned as a living deity, the 17th reincarnation in a succession of Buddhist leaders of the Kagyu sect. At 14, he fled his native land in a dramatic escape over snowy passes to Nepal, and then India, where he attached himself to the exiled Tibetan leader, the Dalai Lama. Tibetans in the diaspora immediately saw something special in the Karmapa Lama—the deep personal charisma of his mentor, infused with the vigor of youth. Some saw, even then, a potential leader in his own right.
噶玛巴现在是一个剃着光头、24岁的英俊青年。1985年，他出生于一个游牧家庭。后来，寻找灵通的僧侣根据新的领袖会出现在“雪域之东”这一预言，在西藏的东边找到了他，使他成为了僧侣的一份子。在7岁大的时候，他被认定为前世噶玛巴喇嘛的转世灵童，从而成为了藏传佛教噶举派的第十七世大宝法王。在14岁的时候，他戏剧性地离开了故乡，经过积雪重重的小路逃到了尼泊尔，然后去了印度。在印度，他将自己托付给流亡藏人的领袖达赖喇嘛。散居在外的藏人看到了噶玛巴喇嘛的一些不同之处——他的个人顾问资历、才学都很深，他自己又充满了年轻的活力。如此，人们凭着他自己的身份，看到了一个潜在的领导人候选者。
[4] The Dalai Lama is without peer among living Tibetan deities. As head of Tibet's biggest sect, the Gelug, he is the revered and recognized leader of his people. He has won the Nobel Prize and built a global following on little more than moral strength, somehow keeping a movement of rival sects and international pressure groups united behind the notion of justice for Tibet. Yet the Dalai Lama has failed in one key respect: China has rejected even his mildest calls for autonomy and cultural freedom. March will mark 50 years since the Dalai Lama slipped into exile. Some Tibetans now believe that the Karmapa Lama may be able to succeed where the Dalai Lama has failed—if, against all tradition and precedent, he is given an opportunity to lead.
在西藏活佛中，达赖喇嘛地位崇高、无人能及。作为西藏最大宗教流派黄派的首领，他受到一干随众的尊重和膜拜。他曾荣获诺贝尔奖，作为精神领袖，其信徒遍布全球。由于种种原因，他将对立教派和国际压力集团联合起来，掀起了一场名为“为西藏正义而战”的运动。尽管达赖喇嘛成绩显赫，但是他在一个重要方面始终无法取得突破：即使他采用最温和的方式呼吁西藏自治和文化自由，仍遭到中国的一味排斥。自达赖喇嘛逃亡海外至今，这场斗争已持续了 50 年。现在，一些藏人认为噶玛巴喇嘛可能完成达赖喇嘛未尽的事业。若真是如此，根据传统和先例，他将有机会成为达赖喇嘛的接班人。
[5] But a change of power among the Tibetans, as among less mystical movements, is a tricky business. Now 73, the Dalai Lama has shaken off minor illnesses, yet muses openly on his death or incapacity, urging Tibetan exiles to plan what may come after. By tradition, the 14th Dalai Lama will essentially hand off power to himself, when he is reincarnated after death. In one of the more intriguing rituals of Tibetan Buddhism, a search committee of monks interprets augury, dreams and mystical symbols on remote lakes, and then dashes off on horseback to identify and enthrone a baby as the next Dalai Lama. The problem is that it takes about 20 years before a credibly educated, suitably adult figure emerges to stand up for his people. And no political movement in this day and age—particularly one that China is determined to strangle—can survive a 20-year pause.
但是，在这场日趋公开的运动中，流亡藏人内部的权利更迭成为一件棘手的事情。达赖喇嘛现年 73 岁，身体状况一直欠佳，他曾公开表示了对死亡和行动不便的担忧，这迫使流亡藏人开始为将来作打算。根据惯例，十四世达赖喇嘛实质上应将权力传承给自己的转世。藏传佛教有其神秘性，活佛转世尤其神秘，活佛转世灵童的确定都是从一套神秘而复杂的宗教仪式开始的。通常，寻找灵童的僧侣会根据观湖解析预言、梦境和神迹，然后立即寻访转世灵童，在确定所寻找的婴孩符合要求后，便立其为下一世达赖喇嘛。但问题是，要将一位婴孩培养成学识渊博、举止适宜的成年人，并日益展露出领导才能，需要漫漫二十载。况且，在当今，没有任何一场政治运动能经得起 20 年的沉寂，特别是在中国决心镇压的情况下。
[6] "The Chinese hard-liner strategy has always been, when the present Dalai Lama passes away, the Tibetan movement will fizzle out, or disintegrate," says Lobsang Sangay, a senior fellow at Harvard Law School who participated in a recent conference on the future of the Tibetan exiles in Dharamsala, the exile capital in western India. "So the issue is, is there anyone who can replace him? What will happen to the Tibetan movement after he passes away? That's the big question."
洛桑桑格表示：“中国在西藏问题上一直采取不妥协政策，如果现任达赖喇嘛辞世，西藏运动可能最终失败，甚至瓦解。因此，如今要考虑的是：达赖之后，谁能接棒？以及西藏运动将何去何从？这是一个值得深思的问题。”（洛桑桑格，哈佛法学院高级研究员，近期曾赴印度西部的 “西藏流亡政府”达兰萨拉参加会议，商讨流亡藏人未来走向。）
[7] Lobsang is one of those who argues that the question already has a perfect answer: the Karmapa Lama can serve as a temporary replacement. Because he comes from a different sect, he can't become the Dalai Lama, but he could serve as regent until a new reincarnation reaches adulthood. The Karmapa is suited for this, in part, because he embodies the story of his people—a story of oppression, escape and exile that is very similar to that of the Dalai Lama himself, who fled Lhasa disguised as a common soldier in 1959. The Karmapa fled in 1999, at a time when he was under Chinese pressure to denounce the Dalai Lama. Instead, he joined the exile leader—after a daring late-December trek over the Himalaya. Some 150,000 Tibetans out of 6 million have made similar journeys to exile.
有些人认为这个问题已经有了一个完美的答案，洛桑(上一段提到的哈佛大学法学院的四年级学生 )就是这些人中的一个。噶玛巴喇嘛可以作为一个临时代替者。他来自于另一个学派，因而他不能成为达赖喇嘛，但在新的转世灵童成人之前，他可以担任摄政人。对此，噶玛巴是非常适合的。因为，从某一方面来说，他包含了他的人民的的经历：被压迫、逃离、流亡，这个达赖喇嘛非常相似，达赖喇嘛他自己在1959年就是装扮成一个普通士兵逃离拉萨的。噶玛巴在1999年逃离的，那时，中国对他施压让他谴责达赖喇嘛。然而，他在12月末，经过勇敢的艰苦跋涉，跨越喜马拉雅之后，加入了流亡领导。六百万藏人中的大约十五万人通过相似的行程流亡。
[8] In recent years, the younger monk has been increasingly seen under the Dalai Lama's wing. The two live near each other in Dharamsala. Foreign delegations seeking audience with the Dalai Lama often find the Karmapa Lama included, or are urged by the Dalai Lama himself to seek out the newcomer. "He has grown up to be a very attractive lama to the general public," Lobsang says, "but also, importantly, to the young. They can connect with him. He's of the same age. They know the hardships he went through to escape."
近几年，这位年轻的僧侣越来越多的出现在达赖喇嘛的左右。在达兰萨拉，这两位住的不远。外国代表团去会见达赖喇嘛的时候，常常也能发现噶玛巴喇嘛。或者达赖喇嘛他自己力促代表团去见见这位新来的人。洛桑说：“他已经成长为一个有大众魅力的喇嘛了。但是，重要的是，他（还）年轻。他们可以与他联系（交流）。他是同时代的。他们知道他逃离过程的艰苦。
[9] At the meeting of Tibetan exiles in November, at least five of 15 working groups listed the Karmapa as a suitable candidate to lead the community in the future. He was mentioned by the prime minister of the Tibetan government-in-exile as a potential leader, and also by the Dalai Lama, who named him among several monks who might emerge to lead the movement. In one scenario, the Dalai Lama would appoint the Karmapa now, to serve after the senior monk's death as a formal regent, providing theological and temporal leadership until a new Dalai Lama comes of age.
十一月的西藏流亡（政府）会议上，15个工作组中至少有五个工作组把噶玛巴列为未来社会合适的领袖候选人。他被西藏流亡政府的总理提及为潜在的领袖。同样，达赖喇嘛把他与其他几名僧侣题一起提名为可能领导运动的人。在一个方案（一种说法）中，达赖喇嘛可能现在就任命噶玛巴作为高级僧侣死亡之后的正式摄政人，在新的达赖喇嘛达到法定年龄之前进行宗教的和临时的领导。
[10] By naming a young and popular regent now, the Dalai Lama could assure a smooth transition to a figure who has become like a son to him, while dashing Chinese hopes of simply outwaiting the Tibetan exiles. He might also help to head off a full-blown power struggle over succession. As it is, any new leader—or joint leadership—will have to balance sectarian rivalries, win over alienated youth in Dharamsala, mollify the demands of sympathizers abroad and possibly deal with rival claimants to the title of the next Dalai Lama (each with his own powerful tutors and advisers).
通过现在提名一个年轻且受欢迎的摄政人，达赖喇嘛一方面可以确保政权顺利交接到一个亲如子嗣的人手里，另一方面又粉碎了中国人简单地坐等流亡政府（出问题）的希望。（原文这句话咬文嚼字，好含蓄，恶毒啊：译者注）他（达赖）可能也会助于阻止在继承问题上全面的权利争夺。事实上，一个新的领导或者联合领导将必须平衡宗派争斗，把达兰萨拉疏远了的青年争取过来，以及安抚国外同情者的要求。也许他们也要应对一个个达赖喇嘛头衔的竞选者（每个都有自己的辅导老师和顾问）。
[11] The Karmapa Lama is not the only possible choice to forestall a succession struggle. The Dalai Lama has spoken highly of other monks, including the reincarnation of his former teacher. In a theological twist, the Dalai Lama also ruled last year that he can, under a doctrine called madey tulku, select his own reincarnation while still alive (dualism of this kind—alive, yet already reincarnated—rarely bothers Tibetans). This would allow the Dalai Lama to shorten the period without a leader, and control the selection and education of his replacement. But Chinese officials immediately disputed the ruling, insisting they alone have the historic right to choose the Dalai Lama's successor. This means that two rival Dalai Lamas would likely emerge, clouding the issue of succession for decades. Here the Karmapa offers another potential solution: he is the only major tulku, or reincarnation, currently recognized by both the Chinese and the Dalai Lama. He could be the hinge on which relations between Tibetans and China swing in a new direction.
噶玛巴并不是（接替达赖喇嘛的）不二选择，他还没有在这场接替者的竞争中获得垄断性的优势。因为，达赖喇嘛还曾高度地评价过一些其他的僧人，这其中还包括（他所说的）他从前的老师的投胎转世者。去年，达赖喇嘛还运用神学的手段，根据一则被称之为madey tulku的教条，规定他可以在生前自行选择自己的转世人（这种宣称一个人活着的时候已经投胎转世的二元论，很少有藏人抵触）。这个规定（如若执行下去）将缩短达赖喇嘛脱离领导地位的时间，并且他的替代者的选择和培养也控制在他自己的手里。中国内地当局立即对此规定提出了异议，并强调在选择达赖喇嘛接替者这一具有历史意义的事件上，权力只属于中国和中国人民。这就意味着（西藏政坛）有可能形成两个达赖喇嘛敌对的局面，给今后几十年内（西藏）继承权争端问题（的解决）蒙上了一层阴云。现在，噶玛巴（的出现）为解决这个问题提供了另一种可能的方案：他来做中国人民和达赖喇嘛共同认可的惟一的主事tulku，或者叫转世者。他有望成为促使西藏和内地关系向好的方向转变的枢纽地位的人物。
[12] The Karmapa's monastic order holds a prayer festival every January in Bihar, India's poorest province, at the spot where Buddha is believed to have attained enlightenment in the sixth century B.C. Called Monlam, the prayer festival had about 200 attendees in 1993. But several years ago, when the Karmapa Lama began to appear himself, the crowds swelled, and now 10,000 monks, nuns and lay people attend. They mostly want to hear the teachings of the Karmapa—regarded as the living manifestation of the four-armed goddess of compassion—accompanied by deep-voiced, ritualistic Tibetan chants and trumpets. This year the grounds of the pilgrimage site sometimes resembled a Buddhist Woodstock, with juniper smoke and an aroma of yak-butter candles blowing over the massed ranks of monastic adepts in saffron- and wine-colored robes.
按噶玛巴的庙宇的规矩，每年1月都会在Bihar举行祷告节。这是印度最贫穷的一个邦，在这里人们都相信佛是在公元前6世纪获得了（神的）教化的。1993年，这个被称之为Monlam的祷告节只有大约200人到场参加。然而几年前当噶玛巴喇嘛公开露面时，前来的人大大地增多了。如今，参加祷告节的僧人、修女和道外人士已有10000人之多。他们主要是想来听一听，那个被认为是大慈大悲的四手女神的凡间使者的噶玛巴的教义，以及西藏人祷告仪式中声色低沉的圣歌和喇叭。今年，这块朝圣的土地时常像是在举行佛教徒音乐盛典一样，刺柏果闷烧的烟雾和牦牛油蜡烛的幽香轻轻吹散在穿藏红和深红色礼服的僧侣长者密集的人群之中。
[13] Among several thousand lay people present, Tibetan exiles—women in striped aprons, and men in off-the-shoulder-jackets—barely outnumbered those speaking in the accents of Boston, Birmingham and Berlin. Although it is rarely acknowledged, foreign followers translate into Power. Donations from Asia and the West help build new monasteries, wealthy supplicants fill begging bowls with silk and cell phones, and lamas who can shuttle between Boulder and Bihar assume greater importance than those who cannot. The temptations of the material world are not unknown even here: at the Monlam festival, the Karmapa sacked the administrator of a monastic center in Gangtok for corruption. A sweating and visibly nervous replacement was led out of a meeting with the Karmapa as a reporter from NEWSWEEK was brought in to an interview.
在数千名到场的道外人士中，女人们身着有斑纹的围裙、男人们身着露肩夹克的流亡藏民的人数才刚刚超过那些操着浓重的波士顿、伯明翰以及柏林口音的外国人。尽管这个事实还未被大部分人承认，但是国外的追随者已经成为（一股不可忽视的）力量。来自亚洲其它国家和西方国家的友情捐助使得崭新的修道院盖起来了，申请加入的富人们还把丝绸和手机放入行乞者的碗中，而能够穿梭游走于Boulder和Bihar之间的喇嘛则承担了其他人无法胜任的更为重要的角色。（因为）物质世界的诱惑无处不在，即使在这里也不例外：在Monlam这个节日，噶玛巴就以腐败为由解除了Gangtok的一个僧侣中心主管的职务。本刊的一名记者去采访噶玛巴时，看到一名刚刚和噶玛巴谈完话的新主管满头大汗、神情紧张地走出来。
[14] The rituals of Tibetan Buddhism approximate those of a medieval court, with hushed attendants, servants lighting incense and fetching tea, and hundreds of petitioners waiting for a word with the "glorious teacher of the karma people." Still, the Karmapa observes the probities of monastic life, fasting and sitting for long hours of meditation. His own interest in comfort seems no greater than massaging his toes at the end of a long day. "A little tired," he explained in his tentative English to a NEWSWEEK reporter who interviewed him twice during five days spent following him around. Visitors normally present white scarves to high Tibetan lamas, but the Karmapa seemed to make little of the offerings, and playfully drew an extra scarf from a pile of luxurious silks to toss at the reporter. Most questions from journalists were "too easy," he warned through a translator.
西藏佛教的仪式相近于一个中世纪的宫廷，在仪式上，安静的服务人员和仆人点着熏香和取来茶叶，并且有成千上百的朝圣者在等待聆听“业人神圣导师”的话语。噶玛巴禁食、沉思数个小时，坚守着僧侣生活的正直。他自己的惬意的事就是在一整天的最后按摩他的脚趾。他用不熟练的英语，对花五天时间跟在他旁边并采访他两次的美国新闻周刊记者解释到：“有些乏。”游客一般会呈上白色的丝巾给高等的西藏喇嘛，但是噶玛巴似乎不在乎这些赠品，而且会开玩笑地从一大堆奢华的丝绸里拿出一块很大的头巾并投掷记者。通过翻译，他提醒到：大部分记者的问题“太简单。”
[15] After that flash of pride, the Karmapa directed attention away from himself—as befits one who has renounced the ego. Asked directly if he can replace the Dalai Lama as a leader, he replied that he was only one of many possible heirs. "The Dalai Lama is like the sun. No matter how many stars there are, they don't look too bright in comparison." A broader leadership could form, he suggested, "if many stars come together [with] the same strength and power and brilliance of that sun."
继闪光之后的骄傲后，噶玛巴将注意力从自身转移——就像一个将自身置之度外的人一样。当他被直接问起是否能取代达赖喇嘛成为领导人时，他回答说，他只是众多可能的继承人之一。“达赖喇嘛就像太阳，无论在此有多少颗星星，与之相比，都会不会很明亮。”他还建议说：如果众星能集合太阳一样的力量、能力和智慧，一个明智的领导阶层就会建立。
[16] The Karmapa shares the Dalai Lama's ability to navigate modern questions of geopolitics with a delicate balance of aphorism, riddle and ancient verities about compassion, nonviolence and generosity—along with modern nostrums on global warming and overconsumption. He has condemned violence, including the Tibetan riots against Chinese rule in Lhasa last April that killed dozens of ethnic Chinese. But he says he understands the "sheer frustration, the sheer sense of suffocation" of Tibetans scattered in exile or forced to live under Chinese rule. "For any living being," he said, "when you feel the force of being cornered time and again, more and more, the time comes when you have nothing else left except to explode."
格言，谜语，有关同情、非暴力、慷慨的古老真理，以及有关全球变暖和过度消费的现代秘方：借助这些之间的平衡，噶玛巴也拥有达赖喇嘛操纵地缘政治中当今问题的能力。他被谴责有暴力的（罪行），其中包括去年四月份反中国法律的西藏暴乱——在拉萨杀害许多（异教徒的）中国人。但是他说他深知因散步（世界各地的）流亡人士和在中国法制下受迫的西藏人的“彻底的受挫，彻底的窒息感觉。” “为了所有的生存者，”他说，“当你一次一次地并越来越多地感受到被逼绝境时，你不得不奋起推翻政权的时候到了。”
[17] The risks of explosion were increasing, he said, and every day that the Chinese stalled in accommodating legitimate Tibetan demands merely increased the chance of chaos. "The Chinese Communist Party needs to understand that for right now, there is His Holiness the Dalai Lama. [He] is the main force that is controlling the emotions, keeping the wave of anger from spilling out. When there isn't somebody like him, then there is a great danger." But isn't there someone like him waiting in the wings—the Karmapa Lama, perhaps? "I have no goals, nor any ambitions to be of great influence," the Karmapa said during the interview at his monastery in Bihar. "But if circumstances make me a force for change, then I am a force for change."
他说爆发的危险日益增加，中国每天拖延藏人的合法要求只会增加暴乱的可能“中国共产党应该知道，这里有达赖喇嘛，他是控制情感的主要力量，能分化人们的愤怒，一旦这样的人不复存在，则会有巨大的危险。”但难道像他这样的人——噶玛巴喇嘛不正蓄势待发吗？也许吧。噶玛巴在比哈尔邦的寺庙中接受采访时说“我没什么目标，也没有成为有巨大影响人物的野心，但如果环境要求我成为一个变革的力量的时候，我就会成为变革的力量。”
[18] In some obvious ways, the Karmapa Lama is a wrong choice to replace the Dalai Lama. Already a tulku, or reincarnation, he cannot be chosen as the reborn Dalai Lama. The Karmapa is also from a rival school of Buddhism, the Kagyu, a small order known colloquially as the Black Hats. Naming the Karmapa as regent would effectively place an outsider at the head of the Dalai Lama's own Gelug, or Yellow Hat, sect. That's like sending an Episcopalian to oversee the Vatican for 20 years.
很明显在某种角度上噶玛巴喇嘛不是继承达赖喇嘛的正确人选。噶玛巴已经是土库，或者是（前世噶玛巴喇嘛）的转世者，他不可能被选为达赖喇嘛的转世，同时噶玛巴来自佛教的竞争教派，一个通称为红帽派的佛教支派的噶举派。提名噶玛巴为摄政王正是在达赖喇嘛所在的格鲁派，亦称黄派，的领导位置上安置一个外人。这就像派一个主教成员去监督罗马教廷。
[19] But the choice of the Karmapa is so wrong, it may be right. If the Dalai Lama acts decisively now to name the Karmapa as regent, or appoints him to lead in a purely temporal capacity, the choice could unite Tibetans more than divide them. "Theological issues are becoming secondary," Lobsang of Harvard notes. Choosing the Karmapa Lama fits "the political reality of the Tibetan movement."
也许正是这个错误的选择可能才是正确的。如果达赖喇嘛提名噶玛巴为摄政王，或者仅仅委任其为暂时的领头，这样的选择能使藏人更团结而非使之分裂。哈佛大学的Lobdang表示“神学问题已经退居其次。选择噶玛巴喇嘛符合“藏人运动的政治现实”
[20] "He's young," says Lhadon Tethong, the executive director of Students for a Free Tibet, which has 30,000 members worldwide. "Everyone talks about this. He's clearly a strong, dynamic character in Tibetan life, not just religious life, but spiritual and political life. He represents a new generation that continues to defy Chinese efforts to control Tibetans."
世界范围内拥有30000名成员自由西藏执行主任拉珍‧哲彤说的“他很年轻,现在每个人都在讨论这件事，很明显在藏人的生活中——不仅宗教生活，还有精神和政治生活——，他是一个强壮，有活力的人物，代表者继续反抗中国控制西藏努力的新一代”。
[21] Asked during a second interview if he was in communication with the Chinese, the Karmapa at first demurred and deflected. He spoke instead of an enlightened Chinese policy toward Tibet, one that would be based on demonstrating China's Great Power status and accommodating Tibetan desires for genuine autonomy along the lines proposed by the Dalai Lama. The Karmapa then rose to leave, before being called to a halt by a reminder that the question was about contacts with China.
第二次采访中被问及是否仍与中国接触时，噶玛巴起初提出异议并转移话题，开始谈中国对西藏的（应有的）开明政策，他认为这种政策应基于既显示中国强大的地位，又适合达赖喇嘛提出的真正自治的要求。当噶玛巴起身准备离开时被是否与中国接触的追问挽留住了。
[22] "I have no contacts, nothing political with anybody," he said—and then shrewdly conceded that some form of contact had taken place. The Chinese had conveyed, via India, that the Karmapa Lama should not engage in any political activities, he said. Yet if he remains purely a spiritual leader, China will not close a door on him.
他说：“我没有跟任何人有政治联系，”随后他又很机灵的坦白的确有某些形式的接触。他说中国方面通过印度向噶玛巴传达了他不应该参与任何形式的政治活动的信息。但如果他仅仅做为精神领袖，中国不会对他关闭大门。
[23] "That's perfectly fine. I don't even know what politics is," the 24-year-old monk said with a broad smile. It was impossible to know for sure, but the smile could have been signaling just the opposite
这个24岁的和尚带着一个显著的微笑说“这太好了，我连政治是什么都不知道”，要确定这不大可能，但这个微笑所表示的可能正好相反。
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翻译注释：
这种文字游戏不能指望将多重含义全面地翻译出来，按上下文中的意思妥协即可，比如“西藏的新星”。
courtly duties”指的是“主持（日常）宗教仪式的任务”。为什么叫“courtly”，见原文第14段。
黄昏时分，在宗教仪式之间的休息时间，人们常会看到他……
“even then”是常用语，意为“早在那时”。“in one's own right”也是常用语，意为“独立”、“依靠自身能力（而非周围某个名人的携持和捧场）”。
早在那时，有些人就认为他有潜力完全依靠自身能力成为一名领袖人物。墨羽 发表于 2009-2-26 04:10 
这句语法没有问题，但是结构确实有点复杂，容易误读。
简化：A replacement was led out as a reporter was brought in.
替补被领出，当记者被带入时。
补全：A (sweating and visibly nervous replacement) was led (out of ameeting with the Karmapa) as a (reporter from NEWSWEEK) was brought (into an interview).
本刊的一名记者去采访噶玛巴时，看到一名刚刚和噶玛巴谈完话的新主管满头大汗、神情紧张地走出来。墨羽 发表于 2009-2-26 04:21
相关信息：译者注（请用灰色标注）
噶玛巴喇嘛ABC-TV的视频
1、http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kaxkafCFh7Q&feature=related
2、http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQbnm9aQBDA
在这个视频的开头，这位喇嘛说：
“I wlways say to people,pray more ...do more good things,and listen to the Chinese Communist Party. to creat a happy life..”
“我总是对人们说，要更多地祈祷，做更多的好事，听中国共产党的，来创造幸福的生活。”
视频是2008.12.22上传的，不知道是什么时候拍摄的。
相关信息：译者注（请用灰色标注）
达兰萨拉（Dharmsāla，意为休息室）是印度北部喜马偕尔邦的一个城镇。从第8世纪开始，已有吐蕃人移民至此。在十四世达达赖嘛逃出西藏后，达兰萨拉成为了西藏流亡政府的政治中心。因此，达兰萨拉时常以“小拉萨”闻名；在中文语境中，达兰萨拉往往是西藏流亡政府的代名词。
译者注：
文中的outwait，google解释为：“To wait for something to end; To gain anadvantage by simply waiting”，意思是：“等到最后，简单地通过等待而获取好处”。我翻译成“坐等，坐视”之意。
“outwait”翻译成“坐等”固然不错，但是这个“坐等”不是一般的“坐等”，而是特有所指的：坐等当任达赖喇嘛去世。国际舆论一致认为中国当今的西藏政策主要策略就是等达赖去世后藏独运动群龙无首。由于是国际共识，所以原文无须加注，但是国内读者可能不了解这个“共识”，所以翻译时应将省略的词语补全。墨羽 发表于 2009-2-26 03:43
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